USRE8372E - Improvement in bottles and bottle-stoppers - Google Patents

Description

I heretofore been grant 7 ,h reina tQLQe cri eQ bottle with a loose tumbling, shifting, 'inginternal stopper in its upper portion or 1 while "the liquil.

UNITED: STATES PATENT brF-I'on HIRAM CODD, CAMBERYVELL, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORV TO HIMSELF AND RICHARD BARRETT.

IMPROVEMENT m 'Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 129,652,

BOTTLES AND BOTTLE-STOPPERS dated July 23, 1872; Reissue N0. 8,372, dated I August 13, 1878; application filed July 8, 1878; patented in England November 2-1, 1870, and August To all whom it may concern:

Be it known'that 1,,HIRAM Conn, of No.

. 17 Queens Row, Grove Lane, Oamberwell, in

the county of Surrey, England, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Botties and Stoppers therefor, and an improved 1 method of securing stoppers within bottles, of which the following is a specification My invention relates to improvements in bottles of'the class adapted to be closed by internal stoppers. English Letters Patent respectively dated and numbered November 24, 1870, 3 070, and August 22, 1871, 2,212,1have ed me for improvements J fMy'olijects mainly areto guard against injury to the bottles by sudden or violent movement of the stoppers; to provide durable stoppers, and such as are not affected by and do not affect the contents of the bottles; to faciliiate the emptyingof the bottles, and to adapt the stoppers to the bottles in such manner that they may readily and quickly be caused to close them.

My inventionconsists, first, in a 'novel method of adapting stoppers to bottles of the class which are tightly closed by the outward. V moyement of the stoppers up to their open ends or months, which consists in providing: a

or roll.-

neck, which is provided with a chamber in such manner that the bottle may be opened and left wholly unobstructed at the in outh by forcing injthe stopper entirely away from the mouthrlnii tli istopper .be prevented from dropping-- twentieth". the body of the bottle,

adapted to move outward to' 'ii he size of the mouth of injured thereby; third, V a bottle having an in render it ippossible for ternal elastic packing at its mouth, and an in ternal gravitating stopperwhich is practically incompressible, and does not perceptibly wear or change its shape, whereby the necessity of changing the stoppers after long use is avoided contents-of the bottle, and rovidedtmith anobstruction at the lowerp rt of its neck to prevent the stoppers dropping into the body of the bottle when forced inward from without, whereby the bottle may freely be emptied by. the flow of the liquid past or beyond the stopper in the neck,'and liability to fracture the bottle is lessened; sixth, in a bottle having an open end or mouth and an internal stopper loosely secured in its neck below the mouth, so that it may be caused to move up to the mouth of the bottle to tightly close it when subjected to pressure from within, and is prevented from falling to the bottom orinto the body of the bottle when opened; seventh, in the combination of a bottle having an in ternally-paeked mouth or stopper-seat and an internal loose gravitating-stopper limited in its range of movement to the neck of the bottle, whereby the position of the stopper may readily be perceived, it may quickly be moved to its seat, and injury to the bottle by impact of the stopper is prevented eighth, in the combination of a bottle having an internallypacked mouth and an internal glass stopper permanently confined within thebottle by a shoulder or inward projection at the mouth above the packing; ninth, in a novel method otpermanently securing stoppers within bote and confining them below the months 0 ischarge-openings, which consists in placing the stopper in the bottle, .andthen reducing the bottle so'as to' the stopper to be mouth and packing; eleventh, in a bottle having a recess in its neck, air internal stopper,

a specific gravity greater than the eontentsot' "to consists of a glassball or marble.

practically resists wear will always lind its forced out or beyond the point at which the liquid escapes in emptying the bottle; tenth, in a bottle having a. contraction at the base of its neck, a packing in a groove in. its mouth, and an internal stopper confined in its movement to the chamber so formed between the and a contraction at the base of its neck, whereby the bottle is closed by the pressure of the stopper upward, the stopper is prevented from dropping into the bottle-body, and maybe kept back from the month by resting'" in the recess to admit of (llllpiylllg the bottle;

According to my improvements 1' provide bottles for containing aerated or efterveseing liquids with internal gravitating' stoppers, so that a bottle may be tilled without impediment from the stopper, and when filled is tightly closed by the stopper held by the pressure Within the bottle against yielding packing or ring ofela-stic material placed around the interior of the month of the bottle. For the purpose of most etl'eetually guarding against accidental loss of the contents of the bottle by the stopper being forced out through the elastic packing by the pressure within the bot tie, the mouth above this elastic ring or stop per-seat is provided with an internal projection or shoulder, or is thickened or bulged inwardly, so as to narrow the outlet or reduce the month to a diameter smaller than that of the stopper, and the stopper itself is, practically'consi'dered, rigid or incompressible. I employ a gravitating stopper-that is, one of the bottle. v

The 'opper hereinafter spmiiticall y reli'erred ltdoos not appreciably wear or change shape. A gravitating stopper, when made round and of a material which preserves is shape and seat truly against the packing at the mouth of the bottle when the bottle is inverted or inclined mouth downward,-and, when so seated,

the bottle having: becn supplied with the liquid, the internal pressure prevents displacement of the stopper or leakage by movement or jarring ol' the bottle. Such a stopper moves more readily and duickly to its scat than a stem or plug; stepper or a com yn-essiblc stop per, and may advantageously be used whetlua' it be confined in its movement wholly within the neck oi the bottle or allowed to move from the month to the bottom.

I would here I'Ollltll'k. that I am aware that gravitatling stoppin's were invented prior to my invention; but all such stoppers, so far as my knowledge extends, were of yielding or com-- prcssib'le 1n. terial, more or less liable to wear and get out oi shape. I prefer to confine the movements of the stopper to the neck of the bottle, or limit its movement to a spacc or chamber between the mouth and body of the bottle. llythus shortening the range o i'move I '.ment of the stopper liability to injure the bottle by a blow of the stopper caused by any sudden movement which would violently set the stopper in motion when the bottle is empty is avoided, and the stopper may more quickly be adjusted. I also provide for keeping the stopper away from the mouth of the bottle when it is being emptied. lVher the bottle is tilted to pour out its contents the. movement of the stopper toward its seat in the month is impeded. This impediment to the movement of the stopper toward the mouth 's shown as provided by a cavity or recess in the bottle itself. in the neck below the elastic ring. The stopper partly enters or rests in one or the other of those holding cavities or recesses, so as to be held at or near the base of the neck' while the bottle is being emptied. W hen the bottle .is opened by pressing back the stopper, the stopper is arrested by an obstruction at the lower part of the neck, and its passage into the body of the bottle is prevented. This obstruction is provided by eoi'itracting the lower part ofthe neck or inletto thebod yoi'the bottle.

The particular bottle I prefer to employ is formed, as will hereinafter be set forth, with a 'ballstopper placed in it duringits formation, and secured so as to have its movements confined to the neck of the bottle or between the mouth and body.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side View of the bottle; ,Fig'. 2, a longitudinal central. section of the neck and head of the bottle, showingthe stopper seated in the mouth in full lines, and resting at the base of the neck in dotted lines. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3 of l ig. 1; Fig. 4, a similar sec tion on the line otl ig'. vl,and Fig". 5 aview of a tool suitable for forming the month and head of the bottle.

In these games, a is the gravitating stopper or glass ball; I), the ring of vulcanized indiarubber, cork, or other elastic material, placed in a groove, 0, around the interior ofthe mouth (Z d, the contraction at the lower part of the neck, and c c the reccssestor the ball to be in while the contents of the bottle are being poured out.

It will be seen that the lower part of the neck. isrontraeied i'rom two sides only, so that atihis point the bottle is of an oval form in section, asshown at Fig. 3. The passi'lge between the interior-of the bottle and the neck can thus never be closed by the ball. steppedand therefore nodiiiicnllywill be experienced in filling the bottle.

The drawing" shows the bod-yet thcbotile to be shapcd like an ordinary soda-water bottle; but t may be of any form desired.

In order to construct such. .abottle, a tool (shown at l ig. 5) is employed. This tool is similar to the ordinary tongs heretolbre used for molding the heads of glass bottles in so far as regards-the parts required for shaping the head; but, in addition to each arm or limb of thetongscarrying at its ends half-molds Two such cavities or recesses are formed for shaping the interior of the head, as heretofore, they also.carry pieces f f for shaping its interior, These'parts are drawn together when the tongs are opened, so that they can readily enter the neck of a bottle and move 3 apart when the tongs are closed, and they then come into position for shaping the interior of the head, as shown in the drawing; The projections you the pieces f form a groove around the interior of the head, while at the same time the top of the head above where the -groove is formed is c ntracted so as to bring it to a less internal-diameter than the lower part of the head below the groove.

The bottle is formed in the following manner: A bubble of glass is first blown, and is roughly reduced to the desired form by rolling and pressing it upon a stone. The roughlysha per bubble is then inclosed in a mold of the form desired, and the bottle is blown therein in the ordinary manner. When the bottle has been removed from the mold a glass marble, previously heated, is dropped into the bottle through the neck. The ring or head is then formed at the top of the neck in the ordinary manner by means of the tool above described. After the bottle has been allowed to cool a ring of cork or other elastic materialas, for example, of vulcanized india-rubber-is inserted into the groove formed around the interior of the head, and the bottle is ready for filling with an efiervescing or aerated liquid. flTo opena bottle closed in'the manner above misdllbgdfifilsdllly necessary to press-back the? ball away from the elastic ring, when the ball will drop down, and it may either be allowed to fall to the bottoln'o'f the bottle, or, if the bottle is formed, in the manner shown by the drawing, with a contraction at the lower part of the neck, the ball may be arrested by this contraction.

By the employment of an internal glass stopper in conjunction with a packingring in the mouth of the bottle I avoid the necessity of renewing the stopper, which neither injuriously wears-nor changes ,shape. From time to time, if required, the packin g-rin g may be renewed at trifling expense and with but little trouble. By guarding against the fall of the loose stopper to the mouth of the bottle when it is being emptied, by automatically arrestring the stopper when set in motion or hasimto it a tendency to move either by the 'outjlowiug current or by gravity, the necesg 'hofding the. stopper back from without liy gnardiugagaiust tlidhll of the heavy stopper from the mouth oi" the ,-,bbttle' to. the bottom liability to fracture 'tlgef' bottlc pre- "entei, andby confining the stopper'so ithat it is all; times within the neck of the bottle its position may readily be seen, and less time is taken to seatthe stopper than would be required were it to traverse the whole length of the bottle; i A glass stop e'r neitheri injuriousy affects nor is affected byzthe contents of the bottle.

By turning or partially rotating the bottle about its longitudinala-xis the stopper may be caused to enter or leave the recess by inanipnlatin g the bottle, as will readily be understood. 1

I claim as-of my own invention- 1. The her Inbefore described method 0 providing the bottlehaving the open end or mouth with a loose tumbling internal stopper adapted to move outward and up to theunouth to tightly close it, which consists in limiting the movement of the stopper (in moving away from and up to the mouth) to the neck of the bottle inside orbelow its mouth or point of discharge, the contents of such bottles, when emptying them, being caused to flow past the stoppers on the way to the mouths of the bottles, which are left wholly unobstructed.

2. The combination, with the bottle having the open end or mouth, of an internal unpacked stopper below the mouth, composed wholly of glass, and adapted to move outward to close the mouth when subjected to pressure from within and to drop downward below and away from the month in opening the bottle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinb'efore set forth, of a bottle having an internal elastic packing at its mouthand an internal gravitatin g rigid stopper practically incompressible and incapable of wear or change in v shape.

t; 'A bhtlle 'aTvinguinvinternalj per and provided with a recess to revent the movement of the stopper toward its mouth, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, whereby the bottle may be tilted to empty it without closing its mouth.

5. A bottle having the open end or mouth,

and an internal loose stopper below the month,

adapted to move outward by pressure from within to close the mouth, and provided with a contraction at the lower part of its neck to prevent the stopper, when forced inward, from to the neck or space between the mouth and; body of the bottle, and adapted to be forced outward or upward to close the mouth, and toy drop downward below and away from the moutl l to allow the liquid to flow past it in emptying the bottle, substantially as hercinbetore set forth. 5-- w 7. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of abottle having aninternally-packed mouth and chambered nook and an internal loose stopper in said chamber, and

, limited in its range of movement to the neck ot the bottle, whereby the stopper may readily and quickly be brought to its seat and injury to the bottle is avoided.

8. The combination, substantially as here inbcfore set fortinof bottle having an internall ypacked mouth and an internal glass ba1lstopper of greater diameter than the month of the bottle.

9. The hcreinbeforewleseribed method of securing stoppers in bottles and confining them below the months or (lischargeopenings thereof, which consists in placing the stopper in the bottle during its formation, and then reducing the size of the mouth to a i'lianretoiless than that of the stopper, to prevent the stopper being forced by internal pressure ont of the mouth or beyond the point at which the liquid escapes from the bottle, in emptying which the contents flow past the stopper.

'10. A bottle having a contraction at the base of the neck, a packing in its mouth, and

an internal loose stopper between said packing and contraction, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbelore set forth.

- 11. A bottle having airecess in its neck, an-

internal stopper, and. a contraction at the base of its neck, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, whereby the bottlemaybe tightly closed, the stopper is preventeclfrom dropping to the bottom of the bottle when it is opened, and

may be prevented from moving back to the

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