USRE2656E - William smith - Google Patents

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@eine tartes atmt @Hita .WILLIAM SMITH, OF YORK, N.. Y. Letters'Patent No.- 9',653, dated April 5, 1853; attended seveng/eac; reissue No. 2,656, dated June 18, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT 1N wrivmc 00am-:D FABRICS'.

TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS MAY COME :y y

vBe it known that I, WILLIAM` SMITH, of the city, county, and State of New-York, weaver, have invented, made, and applied to yuse certain new and useful Improvements in Weaving ;A and I do hereby declare that'the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to lthe. annexed drawing making part of this specification, whereini Figurel is a sectional elevation of the loom.

Figure 2 isa front view of the lay; and

Figure 3 is a perspective view llnstratngthe mode of weaving the fabric that is formed by this loom.

The like marks designate the same parts. i

The object'of my invention is to furnish means for weaving fabrics formedbya centre Warp of Indiarubber for corrugated elastic goods, or any similar warp which is enclosedby a fabricformed on eachxside of it. The nature of my saidrinvention consists yin weaving elastic and other fabrics with a stationary warp, enclosed in a fabric woven onyeach side .of such stationary warp and forming the surfaces of the material.

a *is the frame of the loom, of any convenient form, carrying the driving-shaft l, that is moved by any competent power. c ar-e the connecting-rods from cranks on the sha'ft'b to lthe layd that is supported by and vibratcs on a rock-shaft, 1. Zis a warp-roller, kept from turning freely by thefriction of a. strap or any usual means, so that the warp 3 is given oil' when at the required tension as now practised.. The warp 3 is to be of India-rubber strips if the fabric is to be corrugated and elastic, or this warp may be cotto`n,.or any ibrous substance, where a thick quality of goods is required. This warp passes through the stationary heddle 4, and through the reeds e in the lay, over the breastbeam f, the fabric as it is formed being wound by any usual means on to the roller g. 5 is the warp-roller, supplying the warp 6 for the two sheds. The warp passes through heddles 7 and 8, and through the reeds e, forming the fabric with the warp 3 and filling, as hereafter shown. The heddles 7 and 8 'areworked by any compet-ent means, the one being-fitted to ascend as the othendescends.

In the` drawing these aressllgwgl as connected by straps 9 over a pulley, 10, the straps 11 and 12 being connected from the under side to trcadleto be worked by cams fromlan auxiliary shaft, or by the feet in the usual manner when power is not used.l The lay itself in front offthe reeds e isshown as formed to receive two shuttles, having a centre piece, 13, with .a rib on each edge, an upper piece, '14, and a lower piece, 15, all attached to the body of the lay so asto receive and sustain the shuttles h and z', by the ribs taking grooves in the top and bottom of the back edge of the shuttle, and the length of the shuttle being greatergthan the width of the reeds, one end enters the groove bcfqrc the opposite end is disengaged. The shuttles are propelled by means of a frame, 7c, with projections depending from the same to give the blow and propulsion to the upper shuttle, and the lower shuttle is moved by a similar frame, l, and projections. Fig. 1 shows a means by which these frames Vmay be moved, the ends of the top and bottom parts .being connected by straps over pulleys, so that one travels one way while the other travels in the opposite direction, and by anY ordinary picking motion if in a power-loom, or the usual strap for a hand-loom applied to move either frame, the shuttles are thrown in opposite-directions through the sheds abo'veand below the warpl 3.

This loom is especially intended for use in weaving corrugated elastic fabrics, several pieces being woven -at the same time. I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not limit myself to the means for moving-the shuttles, as instead of the frames k and Z racks may be used, that in their motion rotate pinion-wheels fixed on the lay that take a rack in the side of each shuttle, one pinion taking hold of one end of the shuttle before i-t clears the other pinion, thus drawing the shuttle through the shed even if the motionbe not sudden enough to Y throw the shuttle; or both shuttles maybe thrown through the sheds in the same direction at the same time. The two shuttles carry bobbins with filling as usual, and the loom in working forms a fabric, as shown in largersize in g. 3, the warps 6 passing up and down through the stationary centre warp 3; The filling from the upper shuttle forms a fabric on one side of lthe warp 3, while the filling from the lower shuttle h forms a fabric on the under side; thus the warp 3 is enclosedA Y And in weaving Indiarubbcr elastic goods, my loom, and mode of weaving are especially useful, and have advantages over other looms for the following reasons, which reasons apply to a certain extent to the weavingof other fabrics than India rnbberi First, when a warp of India rubber has been enclosed in a woven fabric it has been done by one shuttle passing over and depositingits' filling, the rubber then being raised and the shuttle passing beneath it. In this mode of weaving` the lfabric has ribs produced on its surface, caused by the India. rubber, in raising or lowering, imbedding itself in the lling or woot', leaving. the India-rubber thread loose within its covering which is raised on each side; but by my arrangement the India rubber being stationary, but 'a slight rib is formed on the surface of the goods, and the rubber is held tightly, and is not so liable to draw into the fabric atV its ends when saidfabric is cut/crosswise of the rubber. l i

Second, where two shuttles have'been used with different or thesame kinds of filling, one has passed through the shed, and then the India rubber raised up tolet the second shuttle pass beneath it; this produces the same imperfections in the goods that are manufactured. 1

Third, with both the foregoing old methods for weaving elastic goodsL-the India rubber being `moved. against the surfaces and edges of the reeds is subject to constant Wear and friction, often breaking the India-rubber warp, whereas in my loom the rubber being stationary is not subjectto so'much wear.

Fourth, byusing two shuttles, as herein shown, a saving ot' time is eiiected, because under the old methods first one 'side was formed and then the other of the fabric,'my method requiringbut about half the time, thereby producing a corresponding saving in cost.

Fifth, where but one sliuttlefisjused in weaving elastic fabrics an expense is incurred which can be saved by my loom, as thcsejabrics are usually formed entirely with silk, while in mine I can use silk lfrom one'shuttle to form the side which is seen, whilea fillingof cotton or similar fabric from the other shuttle may form the under side, thereby saving muchcost for material.

I do not claim two shuttles, as two or more have been usedY in various kinds of. weaving; but what I- claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is y The process herein specied of weaving, consisting in the use of stationary warps, in combination with moving warps and llingthat form a fabric on each side of such stationary warps, substantially as set forth.

i Dated this twentieth day of April, A. D. 1867.

i WILLIAM SMITH.

Witnesses:

Gnus. HkSMrru, l

Guo. D. WALKER. r n

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