USRE3014E - Improvement in corded elastic fabrics - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lVllAIlilAliISMlTll, 0F NEv YORK. N. YB,

Specification forn iiu,f part of Letters Patent No. 9,653, dated April 5, 1853; extended seven `vrnrs; Reissue No, 2,656, dated June 1,8, i867; Reissue No. 3,014, dated June 3U, 1R69.

DIVISION B.

To 'all whomgit may concern a certain new and useful Improvement in Woven Fabrics; and I do hereby declare that the followin gis a full, clear, and exact descrip tion of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, wherein- Figure l isa sectional elevation of thelooin employed by-Ine. Fig. 2 is a front view of the lay. Fig. 31's a perspective viewillustrating);

the mode of weaving the said improved vfabric'. vThe like marks designate the same parts.

The object of thisinvention is to produce a fabric that has a center warp inelosed above aud below by weft-threads held vin place by interlaced warps.

The nature of this division of my said invention consists in an improvement in the Woven fabric itself possessing that character. I will, however, proceed to describe the loom employed, and then point out the features whichfdistinguish Iny said fabric from others before made.

a is the frame 0I' the loom, of any convenient form, carrying the drivin gfshaftqb, that is moved byany competent power.

c are the conuectiug-rodsfrom cranks on the shaftb to the lay d., that is supported by and vibrates on a rock-shaft, 1.

2 is a warp-roller, or its equivalent, kept from turningfreely by the friction of a strap, or any usual means", so that the warp' 3 is given oi' when at the required tension, as'now practiced. The warp 3 is to be of india-rubber strips, if the fabric is to be corrugated and elastic; or this Warp may be cotton or any fibrous substance where a thick quality of goods is required. tionary heddle 4 and through the reeds e in the lay over the breast-beam f, the fabric as it is formed being wound by any usual means on the roller g. y

5 is the warp-roller, supplying the warp 6 for the'sheds. The warp passes through hedto ascend as the other descends. Ings these are shown as connected by straps This warp passes through the sta dles 7 and S and through the reeds` c, forming Beitknown, that I, WILLIAM SMITH, of the city, county, and State of New York, weaver, i have invented, made, and applied to use i the fabric with the warp 25 and [ill1ng,as' herein after shown. The heddles 7 and S are worked by any competent means, the one being fitted In the draw- 9 over a pulley, 10, the straps l1 and 'l2 being connected from the under side to treadles, to be worked by cams from an auxiliary shaft o1' by the feet inthe usual manner whenv power is not used. "i

The lay-itself in front oi' thereeds e is shown as I"o r mc d io receive 'fwnA slnittles,.havilig a center piece, 13, with a rib on each edge, an upper piece, 14, and a lower piece, 15, all attached to the body of th lay, so 'as to receive and sustain the shuttles h and i by the ribs taking grooves in the top and bottoni of the back edge of the shuttle; and, the length ofthe shuttle being greater than the width of the reeds, one end enters the groove before the opposite end is disengaged. The shuttles are propelled by means of a frame, k, with preiections depending from the same to give the blow'aud propulsion to the upper shuttle, and

the lower-shuttle is moved by a similar frame,

l, and projections. Fig. l shows a means by* whiel'Ithese frames may be lnsved, the ends of thetop and bottom parts beingconnected by straps over pulleys, so thatone travels one way, while' the other travels in the opposite direction, and byan ordinary picking motion,

if in a powerloom,`or the usual strap for a hand-loom, applied to move either frame, the shuttles are thrown in opposite directions through the sheds above and below the warp 3. This loom is especially intended for use in weavin g corrugated elastic fabrics, several pieces being woven at the same time.

Instead of the frames k and I, racks Inay be used, that in their motion rotate pinion-whe ils fixed ou the lay, that take a rack in the side of each shuttle; one pinion taking hold of one end of the shuttle before -it clears the other pinion, thus drawing the shuttle through the shed even if the motion bc not sudden enough to throw the shuttle;` or both shuttlcs'may be thrown 'thronghjthe sheds in the same direction at the same time.

. The weft passes across'above and below the renterwarps,3 ,(see Fig. 3,) and the intcrlock iig of the moving wurps 6 with such weft presses said weft upon the center warps. In

vweaving india-rubberjelastic goods my loom and inode of weaving are especially useful, and have advantages over other looms .for the following reasons, which reasons apply t0 .a certain extent tothe weaving of' other Vfabrics than india-rubber. 4

When a warp of india-rubber has been inclosed in a woven fabric, it has been done by one shuttle passing over `and depositing its iilling, the rubber. then heilig raised and `the shuttle passing beneath it, the warps and filling interlocking and forming two complete i'abrics-one above and 'iheother below the rubber cordsm'which fabrics are tied together by binding-warns that interlock between the rubber cords, thus inclosing them in a woven pocket. In this inode of weaving, the fabric has ribs produced on its surface,

caused by the ind ia-rnbber,

in raising or lowering, embed- .ding itself, leaving the india-rubber thread loose within the woven covering, which is raised on cach side; but by iny arrangement, the india-rubber being stationary, but'a slight rib is formed on the surface of the goods, and the rubber is compressed by the wefts, and is not liable to draw into the fabric at its ands when said fabric is eut crosswiseof `the rubber.

I am aware that prior to my said invention corded fabrics were produccd. vIn some instances-as in iiindsor carpets-the cords were introduced as an upper weft on the up per surface ot' a complete woven cloth as a tbundatimnthe iigl-iringwarps passing from t'ie foundation cloth 'over each cord and back' Atothe foundation-cloth; In other instances the cords constituted part of the weft with( thread-wette interposed, such cords being interwoven with the warp in like manner as the interposed weftthreads, each warpfthread passing under some of the cords and over others, and one warp-thread passing over and the next one under any one of the cord-wefts, and so on across the entire width of the fabric. In others thei'cords Vwere introduced as part of the-avarp and. with warpfthreadsjnterposedn.

' woven fabric the only thing which prevented the cords from being erinkled as warp-threads are crinkled1 in ordinary fabrics was the greater rigidity ofthe cords. In other casesas in the border of handkerchiefs-cords were introduced at given distances apart, both as warp and as weft 5 but lboth being wolven in as ordinary warp and weft threads. And in other crises the longitudinal cords were separated and enveloped by theinterveningof the warp-threads and vweft-threads between and around the cords in alternate strips of single and of doubleeloth-as asingle cloth between the'gcords' and as double cloth, to form what maybe termed tubes surrounding the cords; and, although there was no tendency in this to crinkle the cords, it was defective for many purposes,because, the warp-threads and weftthreads being interwoven into cloth both above and below the cords, there was nothing to prevent the cords from being pulled or working out the tubes. Y

The features which distinguish my irnproved corded fabric from all others before known are as follows, viz: The cords are, longitudinal, and maybe termed cord- `warps. 'lheyyare separated from each other by the interweaving of the warp-threads and weft-threads iu strips of cloth between the cords only, and not over and underthe cords, n andthe cords' are covered onboth surfaces by weft-threads only. The weftithreads are f not interwoven with the cords, as in the case of corded handkerohiefsl.:tendingtoweri11de them, as' above stated, but each weft-threadpasses either over or under all the cords, in stead' of passing irst under one cord and then v over the other, and so on` across the fabric,

audit is interwoven only between 4the cords an'd only so interwoven with the warp-threads. The fabric being so constituted at every part of the lengt-h, the cords are gripped between twoweitthreads-one above and the -other belowwhich two weft-threads. are dra-wn each half-way around each one of all the cords by being interwoveny with the warp-threads in the several spaces between the cords. In4 this way' the cords are firmly held in the n fabric, so that they cannot work out, nor can they be pulled out, while at the saine time the binding force by whichthe weftthreads grip and hold Vthe cords does `not tend to crinkle them. K

4l am aware that in an old French work on themeaxngof silk goods, which was-printed in. 17 78, a fabric is described in which certain tie-threadsare interwoven in some' parts of' the fabric in substantially the same wayV that my elastic cords are interwoven; but nothing of the kind now contempla-ted by me .was then attempted or accomplished. Protesting, therefore, that this is not a reference sufficient to prevent me from obtaining the patent now sought, but unwilling t'oA consume more time at present in controverting the point made thereon by the Patent Oiice, I hereby disclaim the purpose of including all kinds of weaving ofthe kinds hereinbefore described,

warp and weft, as above stated, the crinkling of both' sets of cords by the interwcaving beingprevented only by thevfact that the cords were more rigid than the other but limit myself `to such fabrics where the the spaces between the cords and only there, cords are elastic. y substantially as above shown.

What, therefore, I claim as my invention, In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my in this subdivision of my patent, issignature this 7th dey of' September, A. D.

The corded4 fabric, substantially as here- 1867. inbe'fore described, in which the eords are l WM SMITH.

elastic and are -held between the upper and under Weft-threads-and separated from each Witnesses: other by the inter-weaving of the upper and l CHAS. H. SMITH, under weft-threads with. the warp threads in i Guo. T. .PrNeKNm-z

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