USRE14002E - sur rell - Google Patents

Description

J. R. SURRELL.

BOILER FURNACE AND FEED WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I4. 1915.

Reissued. 001;. 26Q1915. 14,002.

4 SHEETS-SHEE'I' I.

w W I I l. I w rfinton Q g wzwmE J. R. SURRELL.

BOILER FURNACE AND FEED WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY14. 1915.

Reissued Oct. 26,1915. 14,002.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

ven tor:

J. R. SUR'RELL.

BOSLEH FURNACE AND FEED WATER HEATER APPLICATION FiLED JULY14, l9|5- Reissued Oct. 26, 1915.

I l I I I I I r z: 4 I I I I 4 I v r 5 I I In yen tor:

Atty,

I I. n. SURRELL. BOILER FURNACE AND FEED WATER HEATER.

' APPLICATION FILEDv JULY I4, ISIS. Reissued Oct. 26,1915.

4 swans-s rim 4.

Q I ln ven tor ZQZZF W &.; Atty.

"OI-IN RALPH SURRELL, OF NEW YORK, N.

BOILER FURNACE AND FEED-WATER HEATER.

Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. Reissued 0 1- 26, 1915.

Original No. 1,067,494, dated July 15, 1913, Serial No. 662,349. Application for reissue filed July 14, 1915.

Serial NO. 39,1?32. DIVISION A.

To a. iii/Lam it may concern Be it known that I, Jenn Ranrn SUunuLL, a. subject of the hiing of the United Kingdom of (treat Britain and Ireland, residing at the borough of Manhattan, in the cit), county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boiler l urnaces and Feedater lieaters.

' of'vvhich the following is a specification, reference being bad therein to the ac .:o1npan ing drawings. which form a part-thereof.

My invention relates to boiler furnaces and feed water heaters and more particularly to a type thereof wherein there is a downdraf through the fuel combustion chamber, and which embodies therein Water tubes or legs in communication with the boiler in a manner to insure the circulation of the Water through these tubes or legs by reason of the high temperature thereabout. A boiler furnace and feed water h ater made in accordance with my invention, is so constructed as to permit the distillation of fuel in the. fuel combustion chamber. and the subsequent burning of the gases produced by such distillation in a manner to heat the water in. the water tubes or legs, ivhile. at the same time utilizing the high temperatures ingof the combustion chamber by the fuel in a manner to interfere with that suction draft through the fuel. bed necessary to insure an uninterrupted and continuous distillation of the fuel. The herein described boiler furnace and feed water heater may be so constructed as to 1)! adapted for use in connection with-high pressure steam power plants, or low pressure plants for use in connection with the heating system of a building, the construction thereof being such as to permit the'convenient application of a. high suction, or forced draft, to insure the rapid distillation'and. consumption. of the fuel, or of a The low suction, or natural, draft from an ordied by a fuel hopper for a reserve supply of fuel suilicient to insure an automatic, con tinuous feeding of fresh fuel tothe, fuel combustion chamber or fire box, the construction and arrangement of the furnace and the water tubes or legs being such as to provide a. construction adjacent the outlet of said hopper in a manner'to minimize the tendency of the fire to extend into and consume the fuel. while in said hopper. Closure means is provided for said hopper so that the downih'aft' through said hopper and the firebox or fuel combustion chamber, may be regulated orcontrollcd. The fuel combustion chamber or fire box is so constructed that there will be a direct drop of the ash bed and the fuel. The outer wall of said fire box is so constructed as to resist the high temperatures Within said fuel combastion chamber, preferably a Water -]a ck-.

'By mains of a boiler furnace and feed water heater constructed. as herein described,

the fuelconsumption may be. restricted to the boiler needs under different conditions, by closing different portions of the fuel hopper, thus confining the draft to a portion only of the fuel bed.

F or low pressure apparatus, the structure is made of sections of small capacity which may be readily cast, a plurality of these sections'being connected in av manner to permit the free circulation of water through all of the sections of the boiler, the feed water heater and the water jacket, these portions of each section being connected, the connection in assembling the boilerrbeing for the y purposeof connecting one section with another as distinguished from the different portionsof one. section with those of the adjoiningsections. v r

5 By so constructing the water tubes or legs as to have the, adjacent surfaces thereof within the gas and air combustion chamber diverge, 1" permit a free expansion of the gases when entering said chamber and at 10 the same time exclude fuel in. the fuel combustion chamber from said air and gas comb'ustion chamber;

, The invention consists in the novel features of construction and combination of I 5 parts hereinafterset forth and described and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended. p

Referring to the drawings :F1gure 1 1s a-p1an View of a furnace boiler and'feed .ii- 2 water heater embodying my invention portions thereof being broken away; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof; Fig. *3' is a vertical transverse section thereof; Fig. 4 is an elevation of a modified form of 5' the invention partly'broken away; and Fig.

5 aside elevation of the form of the inr vention shown in Fig. 4, broken away and disclosing the manner of connecting the different sections assembled in the apparatus.

34' Like letters refer to like parts through- A outthe, several. views. The two forms of the invention shown in 5 the accompanying drawings possess in comwmon the cssentiai-.characterist1cs of my 111- .5- vention, the variations in the structures of c in'g heat'areas as .the fire tubes or fiues A communicating at B with a chimney or stack not shown. Associated with the boiler A, is ta-furnace 6 having an ordinary fire grate l) 4'5- and an ash pitE, the latter being provided dooi's" as E for permitting the removal of ashes from the ash pit while nor- -'=ma;l1y excluding air therefrom.

Located Within the said furnace in such close proximity, to the grate; D as to preventthe passage of fuel ashes beneath it, is

a. water drum; F in communication with the 1 'lowerportion'of the water space within the if boiler A-through a plurality of water tubes or legs G thus insuring a free circulation of the water between the said boiler and the aid drum. These water tubes or legs divide e furnace in a manner to form a fuel combustion chamber H, between the said water legs' and the wall G of the furnace and an and gas combustion chamber I within said. Water tubes or legs and between the .aboiler A' and the drum it; To permit a "direct fall ofthe fire, the said water tubes user logs are street with relation to the furnace wall as to gradually increase the capacity of the fuel combustion chamber from the top thereof toward the fire grate. By this construction I also provide a gas and air combustion chamber I, which has greater capacity toward the top thereof or adjacent the boiler.

Preferably I employ two sets of parallel water tubes or legs G, one at each side of the furnace. These tubes or legs are set suiiiciently' close together to exclude fuel and ashes from the gas and air combustion chamber, the inclination of said tubes 01 legs away from the side wall assisting in securing'this result. Each of the said water tubes or legs G is so shaped in cross section,

that the surface thereof within, or toward, the gas and air combustion chamber diverges or flares outwardly thus permitting suflivcient construction of the passage between adjacent tubes or legs to prevent the entrance into the air and gas combustion chamber of the fuel and ashes, while permitting the gases to pass readily thcrebetween and to freely expand when entering the said chamber. In the preferred form of the invention shown in the drawings, I secure this result by using water tubes or legs G, rounded upon the portion thereof presented toward the fuel combustion and toward the air and gas combustion chamber respectively. This arrangement also assists in directing the gases to all portions of the gas and air combustion chamber 1, the side wall of the furnace being solid so as to insure this direct flow of the gases to the said chamber 1.

3y locating the constriction in the fuel combustion chamber H at a point above the bottom of the boiler A, I am enabled to bring the incandescent body of fuel -toa height above the openings between the water tubes or legs G, thus not only subjecting the boiler proper A to the direct action of the fire, but providing a zone of high temperature through which the air and the distillates must pass before entering the gas and fuel combustion chamber. In this manner I free these gases from the heavier distillates and deliver to said chamber I a free burning gas which will. not foul the water tubes or legs G oi the heat areas of the fire tubes or flues A of the boiler A. The constriction of the combustion chamber II will also have the effect of preventing the fire cree i)iug up into the fuel supply reserve in the hopper J surmounting and discharging "to a restricted area. w

i i v To counteract the efiectsof t inay be don ,,-paratus, thus ma ti re by re said chamber, or'in 5 the usual header overs K,by .means, of f airpassing through the hopper to the combustion hamber may be controlled. By usinga pluralityjof such closure means K,-the draftanay; belocalized in a manner to limit the fuelconsumption hen the dci'nands upon With .an increased I more or plurality of hinged c which the quantity 0 the boiler are reduced. demand upon the boiler,.however, all of the doors may be opened so as to bring the conditions withinthe combustionchainher 'to a point where they will meetithe increased demandupon the boiler.

perature conditions; wi chamber, I preferably provid the furnace witha water jacket 6' in communication with the boiler. A in aiiianrier to cause the discharge of: heatedwva ter, from, said jacket into saidboiler thus insuring not only a saving of the heat units cxtracte from the incandescent fuel by the water in said jacket but maintaining a-circulation of water between the, jacket and the. boiler. In the form of the invention. shown in Figs. 1 to of the drawings, tween the water jacket and the boiler is shown at C .(See Fig. 3;) As will more fully appear. hereinafter, if it is desired to limit. the (JOIYSHUIPlZlOiLOI fuel to conform toreduced boiler needs, the closure means or doors lianay .b as desired. Hence, ifit be do only one set of water tubes or legs (2, this e by closing'all of the closure I\ upon one side of the up king theset of water tubes 1' legs upon thatsidc practically inoperaason of the reduction in the tempcratures by reason of ti e cutting otl of the draft upon that side/of the apparatus. By using a plurality of sets of water tubes or. legs, I am enabled to increase the maximum efficiency of the apparatus by increasingthc heat areas subjected to the high temperatures of the combustion. chamber. The furnace U is provilcd with an open ing opposite one end of the gas and air cone bustion chamber .l, th i.s-( pcning being closed by the door .li. Wliile thisopening may be used for cleaning .tl

may also be used for] e the wall O-of.

e closed means or doors ll. quantitiesfor se-. lb'tlblt mixture avitliin larger qu antities for chcckingthc draft when slowing downtbe fire. In a low pressure boilor thi door L is provided with damper. openings, and the usual damper plate for controlling the same. (See Fig.

1n the for] Figs. 1 to 3 w curing a propercombi n of the invention shown in.

th high pressure A provided with;

t, the boiler V s arr-a and with a-heat case steam plan hich is vespecially adopted for.v .use in con unction W1 he high temw thin the combustion the connection besome of si red; to use;

water drum I and two 1e. said. chamber 1, it A ntrodlicnurair d rectly r to said chamber 11L sma bustion chamber I is for b beneath one end of the boiler andcominunicating with" the header (1.. The header o is in'communication with the flue B. -Tl 1e burninggascs delivered to said cham- ;ber I pass through said heat case to the heat areas of the boiler A at the same time acting upon the bottom of said boiler. In this form of the invention, the drum 1* and the furnace are located under one end of the boiler A. 'In this type of apparatus, the water tubes -or legs may, if desired, be extended across the (end of. the boiler as shown and the furnace O and hopper J may also be extended as shown to inclose all of said water tubes or In the form of the invention shown'in "Figs. 1 to 3 water is introduced to the drum If through the feed water pipe 0. In connec- --tion, ith the high pressure apparatus, I provide apipe (Z terminating in a -jet nozzle d" discharging into the gas and air combustion chamber I by means of which air or steam under pressure, may be charged into said chamber for the purpose of creating a forced draft, greater suction, operative upon the fuel bed in the fuel combustion chamber II. The pipe d may be connected with 'an'indcpendent source of supply of compressed air or steam under pressurc, or may be connected with the boiler A as desired. The steam is withdrawn from the boiler from the dome a or in any desired manner.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. l and :lthe apparatus is composed of two end sections o e and a plurality of intornmdiate similar, independent sections f capable of being so assembled as to form the boiler A, the water drum F and the furnace (l. llarh of these sections comprises a. portion of the" boiler A, a portion of the v or more water tubes or legs connecting said boiler and said drum, portion. The port-ions of the water drum of mljoining secti by means of nipples g,

tions of said sections are connected with adjacent boiler sections, by means of nipples /L and vi, thus insuringuniform conditions throughout the boiler an circulation of water throughout the same.

Each of the sections is also provided with a portion at the furnace wall. G and its water jacket G, which portions in asse1nhlingthc device, are connected by means 0 nipples, or in any other desired manner so ,as to permit a free circulation of the water throughoutthesaid jacket. The said jacket may be placed in communication with the boiler in any desired manner. Each of the boiler pin'tionsi if the various sectionsf has thoretln-(uigh a plurality. of tluef sections adapted to'register with the flue sections of the adioiningsections f when the device is assembled. hen the various sections'fare assembled, a'eontinuous air and gas comand the boiler porons f are connectedd permitting a free i mod and a continuous fuel combustion chamber H inclosing said Water tubes or legs. In this form of the invention I provide a plurality of small hoppers J each provided with a closure K instead of a continuous hopper as shown in the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3. The'two hopper arrangements shown in the different forms of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, are interchangeable howvever.

The side far: of each of the sections f is provided with channels or heat flues i through which the gases delivered to the chamber I, pass to the boiler flues or heat areas in the same manner and for the same purpose as said gases pass through the heat case Z), in the form of the invention shown tween the Water tubes or tillatioirof the fuel in in Figs. 1 to 3.

Each of the sections f is preferably cast in one integral structure, and the various sections are assembled by any desired means such as stay rods extending from end to end of the apparatus through the various sections. In this form of the invention, that shown in Figs. 4 and 5, Water may be introduced to the apparatus in ner as through the pipe is and the steam or hot water is withdrawn therefrom in any desired manner as through the pipes m.

The operation of the boiler furnace and feed Water heater herein described is substantially as followsz-The boiler A, urum 1* water le s (I and Water acket C hav1n 7 n o c been. nlled with water, a hre is started in the fuel combustion chamber H; and said chamber and the hopper J surmoi'lnting same, are filled with fuel. In operating the apparatus, some or all of the doors K will be left open so that the suction draft applied to the lines A and gas and air combustion chamber I, whether the same-results from a natural draft of the chimney or stack, or this draft supplemented by a steam or air jet from the nozzle 62', 'will create a down draft through the body of fuel in the fuel combustion chamber H. By providing a closed furnace \vall opposite the Water legs G, and arranging the drum F in close uxtaposition to the fire grate I), the path of the gases produced in the combustion is limited to the openings belegs G communicating with the air and chamber I. In this manner all of these gases are compelled to pass to said chamber I, and an accumulation of gases within the for mice is prevented. fire in the chamber H is not only utilized in raising the temperature of the Water in the boiler A and in the Water tubes or legs Gr, but also in securing a. continuous disthe upper portion of said. chamber, so that the distillates will be drawndownwardly of the said chamber H chamber H a through the high temperature zones of the about the tubes G,

any desired manwith low gas combustion vof the apparatus,

The heat from the fiues, I- also increase incandescent fire bed, and delivered to the chamber I practically free of the heavier distillates and fire carbon Which would tend to foul the heat areas of the boiler A, or of the tubes G. The consumption of the combustible gases Within the chamber I, and will subject these tubes throughout practically the entire surface thereofto intense heat and thus rapidly heat the Water therein'before delivering it to the boiler A. The location of the drum F below the high temperature zones'of the furnace Will insure the maintenance of the proper circulation of Water therefrom through the water tubes orlegs, to the boiler.

If it be found in starting the fire that in sufiicient oxygen is introduced, With the gases, to the chamber I, air may be admitted in small volume through the opening closed by the door L to secure a good combustible mixture at this time. This opening may also be used When the degree of heat of the various heat zones in the fire is not sufiiciently high to produce gases having the desired combustible property, or when insuliicient air is passed through the lire bed to produce the desired combustible mixture. This door may also be used for dampening the fire by raising the pressure Within the chamber I in a manner to reduce the suc tion operative upon the combustion cham- H for inducing a down draft therein.

When the device is in operation, the doors E of the ash pit E should be closed to pre vent a draft counter to the down draft inthe chamber H, and the escape of gases through the top draft opening or openings for said chamber H. By utilizing a Water jacket for through radiation is not only minimized but heat absorbed by the Water in said jacket, is utilized in maintaining the desired high temperatures Within the boiler A. Under some conditions it may be desirable to use a refractory lining in lieu of said Water jacket, but I have found said water jacket to be highly desirable, particularly in connection pressure apparatus.

It will thus be observed that a high percentage of the heat units contained in the fuel consumption in the chamber H is utilized in preheating the water delivered to the boiler. I" materially increase the eliiciency however, by passing the heated gases, after leaving the chamber I, through 'the heat fines ofthe subjecting the bottom of the gases prior to their boiler to these passage through the the efliciency secured from each pound of coal.

If it be desired to reduce the capacity of the boiler, it is merely necessary to close one or more of the closures K, thus limiting the areas of high temperature within the furnace (1, loss of heat boiler A. By

, my invention, intense the furnace and the quantity of air and gases delivered to the chamber I.

In an apparatus made in accordance with heat is developed within the combustion chamber H with a deep fire bed of comparatively small area, When my invention is used in connection with alow pressure boiler, the desired temperatures may be developedby a slow consumption of the fuel and a low suction draft. \Vitlr high pressure boilers, however, where a more rapid consumption of fuel is required to supply the necessary volume of heat, it is sometimes desirable to use the 'jet nozzle d for increasing the effective suction upon the fuel bed for the purpose of accelerating the fuel consumption and raising the temperatures within said chamber and the chamber I.

By constricting the discharge port of the hopper J and by providing water legs projecting downwardly and at an angle away from the wall of the furnace C, I secure are automatic feeding of the fuel to the chamber H, prevent the extension of the fire to the fuel within the hopper and insure a free passage of the air and gases through the body of fuel by reason of the increased. capacity of the chamber toward the bottom thereof causing a direct ,or shear dropping of the fire and a resultant avoidance of bridging or choking of the chamber H The location of the constriction in the chamber H above the water tubes or legs Gr causes a downward flow of the air and gases through the fire bed for a suflicient distance to insure uniformity in the temperature conditions at a level ofthe fire in said chamher and at the same time compels the air and distillates to pass through a sufficiently deep body of-incandescent fuel to produce a clean combustible mixture before its in troduction to the chamber I.

During the operation of the apparatus there will be a free and constant circulation between the drum F and the boiler A through the Water legs G, water being deliveredat a high temperature through said waterlegs, into said boiler. The grate D may be used in the usual manner to drop the fire in the chamber H when necessary.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the entire volume of heated gases in the chamberfI instead of being passed below the entire surface of the boiler above the drum F before entering, the fines A',,are passed through the variousvertical fines j between each of the sections 7 to the fines or heatareas through thg boiler. 6,0

In this manner, the requisite suctidii upon the chambers H and I to insure the proper (lldft issecured; and at the same time, heat units are conserved by increasing the-effec- "tl-ve lfeatg'areasfiof the boiler, and subjectgjthem to the gases when at their higher temperatures. a more effective distribution of the gases and maintain a more uni the fire bed. \Vater is delivered to the up paratus as required through the pipes c and is.

The increase in the capacity of the cham ber I toward the top thereof assists in sedjistribution of the air curing a proper 7 from the chamber II and gases in passing about all of the water tubes or legs the chamber I. This increase in the capacity of the upper portion of the said tfliilll her I also increases the heat area of the boiler A subjected directly to the action of the heated gases in said chamber while they are at their highest temperatures and the action of said heated gases upon substan tially the entire surface of each of the Water tubes or legs G.

It is not my intention to limit my invention to the precise details of construction shown in the accompanying drawings, ing apparent that such may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. I

Having described the invention What I claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent is': I

1. A boiler furnace and feed Water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a fur-- nace, a water drum within said furnace below said boiler, a plurality of water tubes or legs, the opposite ends of which open directly into the Water space within said diate said water tubes or legs and the waterv areas of the boiler is formed between said water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drum, a fuel hopper sin-mounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closedat the bottom whereby a down combustion chamber is created, and means for controlling the admission of air at the top of said fuel combustion chamber.

2 for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a furnace, a water drum within said furnace belaw said boiler, aplui'ality of water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said water drum respectively, whereby a fuel combustion chamber is formed between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall of said furnace, and a gas and air combustion chamber in communication with At the same time I secure form condition of and A boiler furnace and feed water heater (i to so i said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler isformed between said water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drum, a fuel hopper surmounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, means for controlling the admission of air at the top of said fuel combustion chamber, and a jet nozzle having a discharge within said gas and air combustion chamber whereby the effective' suction operative to induce the down draft to said combustion chamber may be increased.

3. A boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a furnace, a fire grate ad acent the bottom of said furnace forming an ash pit therebelow, a water drum within said furnace below said boiler, and in close juxtaposition to said fire grate whereby fuel is excluded from beneath said drum, a plurality of'water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the water s ace within said boiler and into said water rum respectively, whereby a fuel combustion chamber is formed between the boiler and said legs and the side wall of said furnace and a gas and air combustion chamber in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed between said water tubesor legs, the boiler and said water drum, a fuel hopper surmounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, and means for contro ling the admission of air at the top of said fuel combustion chamber.

4. A boiler furnace and feed water heater for steamiboilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a furnace, a fire grate adjacent the bottom of said furnace forming an ash pit therebelow, a water drum within saidfurnace below said boiler and in close juxtaposition to said fire grate whereby fuel is excluded from beneath said drum, a plurality of water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said water drum, respectively, whereby a fuel combustion chamber is. formed between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall of said furnace, and a gas and air combustion chamber in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said Water tubes or legs and the Water areas of the boiler is ormed between said water tubes or'legs, the boiler and said water drum, a fuel hopper surmounting and discharging nace being closed at the bottom whereby a a discharge within said gas and aircombusinto said fuel combustion chamber, said fur-- down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, means for controlling the admission of air at the top of said fuel 1 combustion chamber, and a j' et nozzle having- 0 tion chamber whereby the effective suction 7 operative to induce the down draft'to said combustion chambermay be increased. p

5. A boiler furnace and feed water heater for steainboilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying-therein a furnace, a water drum within said furnace below said boiler, a plurality ofywater tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the i water space within said boiler, and into said water drum, respectively, said water tubes or legs projecting downwardly and awayifrom the side wall of said furnace whereby a fuel, combustion chamber of gradually increased capacity toward the bottom thereof is formed v between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall/of said furnace, and a gas and aircoinbus tion chamber of gradually increasedcapacity toward the top thereof in communication with i said fuel combustion chamber intermediate g said water tubes or legs and 'the waterareas of the boiler is formed between said water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drum, a -fuel hopper stir-mounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said fur-{ nace being closed at the bottom whereby a, down draft tl'iroiigh said fuel combustion chamber is created, andfmeans for control.- ling the admission. of air at the top ofgsaid,

fuel combustion chamber.

6. A boiler furnace and feed water-(heated for steam boilers having awater chamber, andheat areas, embodying therein a furnace,"

y a water drum within said furnace belowsaid K boiler, a plurality of watei' ttubes'orlegs the combustion chamberintermediate said watery,

tubes or legs and the water areas of tha boiler is formed between said water tubes or 12 legs, the boiler and said water-drulma fuel shopper surmounting and discharging into} said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace. being closed at the bottom whereby down draft through said fuel combustion chamber 125. is created, means for controlling the adinis l sion of air at the top of said fuel combustion chamber, and a jet nozzle having a discharge 4 within said gas and air combustion chamber whereby the effective suction operative to mission of air at the top of said fuel com being closed at the bottom whereby a draft through sa induce the down draft to said combustion chamber may be increased.

7. A. boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a furnace, a fire grate adjacent the bottom of said furnace forming an ash pit therebelmv, a water drmn within said furnace below said boiler and in. close juxtaposition to said fire grate whereby fuel is excluded from beneath said drum, a plurality of water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said water drum respectively, said water tubes or legs projecting downwardly and away from the side wall of said furnace whereby a fuel combustion chamber of gradually increased capacity toward the bottom thereof is formed between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall of said furnace, and a gas and air combustion chamber of gradually increased capacity toward the top thereof in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed between said'water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drum, a fuel hopper surmounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said'furna'ce down combustion chamber draft through said fuel controlling the' ad:

is created, and means for bustion chamber.

8. A boiler furnace and feed water heater for stealn boilers having a water chamberand heat areas, embodying therein a furnace, a fire grate adjacent the bottom'of said furnace forming an ash pit thereb'elow', a water drum within said furnace below said boiler and in close juxtaposition to'said fire grate whereby fuel is excluded from beneath said drum, a plurality of water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the Water space within said boiler,-and' into said water drum respectively, said water tubes or legs projecting downwardly and away from the side wall of said furnace Whereb a fuel combustion chamber of grad ually increased capacity toward the bottom thereof is formed between the boilerjfan d said legs, and theside wall of said furnace, and a gas and air combustion chamber'of gradually increased I cap acity toward the top thereof in, communication with saidfuel combustion chamber intermediate said w'ater tubes on legs and thewater' areas of the boiler is formed between said water gtubesorlegs, theb iler saidwater drum, a fuel hopper v niountingand discharging "into" said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closed at bottom whereby a down 0 fuel combustion chamber or" controlling the name top of said fuel combustion is created, means S1011 of air at the chamberand a jet nozzle having a discharge withmsald gas and air whereby theeffective suction operative to iiuluce thedowndraft to said combustion chamber may be increased.

0. A boiler-furnace and feed water heater foe team boilers havin a water chamber and hea't areas, em-bmlying therein a furnace. a water d'rmn within Said furnace below said. boi lei, -a plurality of Water tubes or legs, theo' 'iposite ends of which open directly intothe -water space Within saidboilerg-and ginto said'water. drum, respeca fuel combustion chamber is fdrmed between the boiler and said legs, and the side \vall-of said furnace, and a gas and aircomb-ustion chamber in communication with said fuel combustion chamber inter-nie'diate said water tubes or .legs and the water areas ofthe boiler is formed betweensaidwater tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drum, a water jacket for said furnace about said fuel combustion chamber, connections between said Water jacket and said boiler, a fuel hopper surmounting an 'l -diseharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, and means for controlling the-ad mission of air at the top of said fuel combustionchamberq 101A, boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a -furnace; a'water drum within said furnace below said boiler, a plurality of water tubes or legs, the opposite ends of which open directly'into the water space Within said boiler, and into said water drum, respectively whereby a -fuel combustion cham' ber' is formed betweenythe boiler and Said legs, and theside wall of said furnace, and a gas and air combustion chamber in commi-m'ication with said-fuel combustion chamber intermediatesaid water tubesor legs and the water areas of the-boiler is formed between said water tubesor legs, and said water mounting and discharging into said fuel combustion- :chamber, said furnace being closed at the-bottom, whereby a down draft through said;-fueljcombustion chamber is created, said combustion chamber being constrictetb adjacent the discharge of. said hopper whereby the extension of the fire into said hopper is prevented and means for controlling the admission of air at the top of saidfuel combustion chamber.

"111 A 'boilerfurnace and feed Water the boiler drum a fuel hopper sur-- combustion chamber l'reater-for'steam boilers having a wateu chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a furnace; awater drum within said furnace, I below said boiler,- a plurality of water tubes or legs, the opposite ends of which open downwardly and away from the side walldirectly into the water space within said boiler, and into, said water drum, respectively whereby a fuel combustion chamberis formed between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall of said furnace, and a gas and air combustion chamber in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes. or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed be-- operative means for controlling the admis' sion of air at the top of said -.fuel combustion chamber whereby the heat temperature areas within said furnace may be increased or diminished.

12. A boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a furnace, a water drum within said furnace below said boiler, a plurality of water tubes or legs, the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said water drum, respectively whereby a fuel combustion chamber is formed between the boiler and said legs, and' the side wall of said furnace, and a gas and air combustion chamber in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler formed between said water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water-drum, a fuel hopper surmounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closed" at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, said combustion chamber being constricted adjacent thedischarge of said hopper whereby the extension of thelfire into said hopper ,is prevented and a plurality of independently operative meansfolifontrolling the admission of air at the topiof said fuel combustion chamber wherebyifthe heat temperature areas within said furnace may be increased orfdiminshed.

13. A boiler furnace and feed water heater forsteam boilers having a water-[chamber and heat areas,'emb odying therein a furnace, a water drum within said furnace below said boiler, a plurality of water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said'water drum respectively, said water tubes or legs projecting of said furnace whereby a fuel combustion chamber of gradually mcreased capacity toward the bottom thereof is formed between the boiler and said legs, 'and the side wall ofsaid furnace, and a gasand air combustion' chamber of gradually increased capacity toward the ,top thereof in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed between said ,water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drumfa fuel hopper surmounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace 'being closed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, said combustion chamber being con 1 stric'tedadjacent the discharge of said hopper whereby the extension of the fire into said hopper is prevented and means for con trolling the admission of air at the top of said fuel combustion chamber. i

14. -A boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying. therein a furnace, a fire grate adjacent the bottom of said furnace forming an ash pit therebelow, a water drum within said furnace below said boiler and in close juxtaposition to said fire grate whereby fuel is excluded from beneath said. drum, a plurality of .water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said water drum respectively, said water tubes or legs projecting downwardly and away from the side wall. of said furnace whereby a fuel combustion chamber of gradually increased capacity toward the bottom thereof is formed between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall of said furnace, and'a gas and air combustion chamber of gradually increased capacity toward the topr thereof in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed between said water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drum, a fuel hopper surmounting and discharging. into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closed at the bottom whereby a downdraft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, said combustion chamher being constructed adjacent the discharge of said hopper whereby the extension of the fire into said hopper is prevented and means for controlling the admission of air at the and in close juxtaposition to said fire grate whereby fuel is excluded from beneath said drum, a plurality of water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said 'boiler, and into said water drum respectively, said water tubes or. legs projecting downwardly and ually increased capacity toward the bot-' tom thereof is formed between the boiler .and said legs, and the side wall of said furthe boiler is formed between said water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drum, a fuel hopper surmountmg and discharging .into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace beingclosed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, said co1i1l ustioi1 chamber being constructed adjacent the discharge of said hopper whereby the extension of the fire into said hopper is prevented and a plurality of independently operative means for controlling the admission of air at the top of said fuel combustion chamber whereby the heat temperature areas within said furnace may be increased or diminished.

16'. A boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a furnace,

a fire grate adjacent the bottom of said furnace forming an ash pit therebelow, a ater drum within said furnace below said boiler and in close juxtaposition to said fire grate whereby fuel is excluded from beneath said drum, a plurality of water tubes or logs the opposite'ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said water drum respectively, said water tubes or legs projecting downwardly and away from the*-side wall of said furnace whereby a fuel combustion chamber of gradually increased capacity toward the bottom thereof is formed betweenthe boiler and said legs, and the side wall of said furnace, and'a gas and air combustion chamber of gradually increased capacity-toward the top thereof in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes or-legs and the water areas of the boiler formed between said water tubes or logs, the boiler and said water drum, a water jacket for said furnace about said fuel combustion. chamber, connections between said water jacket and. said boiler, a fuel hopper sin-mounting and discharging into said fuel combustion. chamber, said furnace being closed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, saidcombustion chamber being constricted adjacent the discharge of said rality of independently operative means for controlling the admission of air at the top of.- said fuel com ustion chamber whereby and heat areas, emlmdying therein a furnace, a water drum within said furnace below said boiler, a plurality of water tubes or legs, the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said water drum, respectively whereby a fuel combustion chamber is formed between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall of said furnace, and a gas and air-combustion chamber in communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed between said watertubesor legs, the boiler and said water drum, adj accnt water tubes or legs being provided with divergent surfaces within the air and gas combustion chamber, a fuel hopper sin-mounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace low a water drum within said furnace below said boiler and in close juxtaposition to said tire grate whereby fuel is excluded from beneath said drum, a plural ty of water tubes or legs the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said water drum respectively, said water tubes or legs projecting downwardly and a way from theside wall of said furnace whereby a fuel combustion chamber of gradually increased capacity toward the bottom thereof is formed between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall. of said furnace, and a. gas and air combustion chamber of gradually increased. capacity toward the top thereof in. communication with said fuel combustion chamber intermediate said 'ater tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed between said water tubes or legs, the boiler and said water drum, adjacent water tubes or-legs.

being provided witlrdivergantly turned surfaceswithin the air and gas combustion chamber, a fuel. hopper sin-mounting and discharging into "said fuel combustion chamber, said. furnace being closed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created, and means for controlling the admission of air at the top of said fuel combustion chamber.

19. A boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam' boilers having a water with said fuel combustion chamber inter-.7

' mediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed between said water tubes or legs,-the boiler and said --Water drum, a fuel hopper surmounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created and a :plurality of movable closures for said hopper .wherebyfair may be admittedotosaid fuel combustion chamber through the whole or different portions of said hopper.

'20. A .boiler furnace and feed water heatercfor steam boilers having a water chamber andheat areas, said boiler furnace and feed water. heater comprising a fuel combustion chamber fed from the top having a grate and an ash pit, a water drum located Within the 'fuel combustion chamber with the fuel therein in contact therewith, means-for supplying water to the water drum, a setof piping mounted in said fuel combustion chamber with the fuel therein in. contact with the exterior of said Setof piping the pipes thereof connecting the water drum and the water chamber of the steam boiler for delivering the heated water directly thereto, said set of piping forming a chamber for air and gases within it, means for communication between said chamber for air and gases and the heat areas of the steam boiler whereby a suction dr aft is provided through the chamber for air and gases. and a downward draft is provided-through the fuel combustion chamber when the' fuel combustion chamber is open at its top, said 'fuel combustion chamber comprising in' cross-section the space between the interior of the sides of the boiler furnaceafnd' feed water heater and the extcrior ofsaid set of piping and the exterior of thesides of the water drum, and said ashpit being air-tight; substantially as set forth. i

21L A, boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water,

: lo'cat'ed'within the fuel combustion chamber f with the-fuel thcrein i'n contact'therewith, means for-supplying*waterto the water the fuel combustion chamber iongi'tudinaflv drum, a set of piping mounted in said fuel combustion chamber with the fuel therein in contact with the exterior of said set of piping the pipes thereof connecting the water drum and the water chamber ofthe steam boiler for delivering the heated water directly thereto said set of piping forming a chamber for air and gases wlthin 1t, means .for communication between said chamber for air and gases and the heat vareas of the steam boiler whereby a suction draft is providedthrough the chamber forair and gases and a downward draft is provided through the fuel combustion chamber when'the fuel combustionchamber is open at its top said combustion chamber fed from the top hav-.-

ing a grate and an ash-pit, a water drum located within the fuel combustion chamber longitudinally thereof with. the fuel therein in contact therewith, means for supplying water to the water drum, a set of piping mounted in said fuel combustion chamber with the fuel therein in contactwith the exterior of said set of piping and the pipesv thereof directly connecting thewater drum and the water chamber of the steam boiler,

said set of piping forming a chamber for air and gases within it, means for'communication between said chamber for air 'and gases and the heat areas of the steam boiler whereby a suction draft isprovided through the chamber for air and gases-and a downward draft is provided :through the fuel combustion chamber "when. the fuel. combustion chamber is open at its top, saidfuel combustion chamber comprising a: crosssec-- tion the space betweemthe sides of the boiler furnace and feed water heater and the ex; terior of said set of piping and the exterior of the sides of the water drum, said grate beinglocated' on or above the plane of the bottom of the water drum and below the lower ends of said set of piping andsaid ash-pitbeing air-tight; substantially as set forth: 1 a y 23; A boiler furnace and feed wat'er heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, said boiler furnaceand. "feed water heater comprising fuel "combustion chamber'fedlfronrthe top having 'agrate and an ash -pit, a water drum :located'w'itliin thereof with the fuel therein incontact therewith, n'ieans for supplying water to the water drum, a set of piping mounted in said fuel combustion chamber with the fuel therein in contact with the exterior of said set ofpiping and the p pes thereof directly connecting the water drum and the water chamber of the steam boiler, said set of piping forming a chamber for air and gases within it, means for communicatioirbetween said chamber for air and gases and the heat areas of the steam boiler whereby a suction draft is provided through the chamber for air and gases and a downward draft is provided through the fuel combustion chamber when the fuel combustion chamber open at its top, means for introducing external air or steam into said chamber for air and gases from the front toward the rear thereof to provide additional suction draft through said chamber,

said fuel con'il'uistiou ehz'nnber conn rising in cross-section the space between the interior of the sides of the boiler furnace and the feed water heater and the exterior of said set of piping and the exterior of the sides of the water drum, said grate being located on or above the plane of the bottom of the water drum, and below the lower ends of said set of piping, and said ash-pit being air-tight; substmitially as set orth.

24. A. boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, said boiler furnace and feed water heater comprising a fuel combustion chamber fed from the top having a grate and an ash-pit, a water drum located within the fuel combustion chamber longitudinally thereof with the fuel therein in contact therewith, means for supplying water to the water drum, a set of piping mounted in said fuel combustion chamber with therein in contact with the exterior of said set of piping and the pipes thereof directly connecting the water drum and the water chamber of the steam boiler, said set of piping forming a chamber for air and gases within it, means for communication between said. chamber for air and gases and the heat areas of the steam boiler whereby a suction draft is provided through. the chamber for air and gases and a downward draft is provided through the fuel combustion chamber when the fuel combustion chamber is open at its top, means for introducing external air or steam into said chamber for air and gases from the front toward the rear thereof to provide additional suction draft through said chamber and means for controllingthe passage of said external air or steam through the same, said fuel combustion chamber comprising in cross-section the space be-' tween the interior of the sides of the boiler furnace and""feed Water heater and the exthe fuelterior of said set of piping and the exterior of the sides of the water drum, said grate being located on or above'the plane of the bottom of the water drum and below the lower ends of said set of piping, and'said ash-pit being air-tight; substantially as set in the fuel combustion chamber longitudi-- nally thereof with the fuel therein in contact therewith, means for supplying water to the water drum, a set of piping mounted in said fuel combustion chamber with the fuel therein in contact with the exterior of said set of piping and the pipes thereof directly connecting the water drum and the water chamber of the steam boiler, said set of piping forming a chamber for air and gases within it, means for communication between said chamber for air and gases and. the heat areas of the steam boiler whereby a suction draft is provided through the chamber for air and gases and a downward draft is provided through the fuel combustion chamber when the fuel combustion chamber is open at its top, doors in the front of the boiler furnace and feed water. heater communicating with the chamber for air and gases having dampers, said fuel combustion chamber comprising in cross-section the space between the interior of the sides of the boiler furnace and feed water heater and the exterior of said set of piping and the exterior of the sides of the water drum, said grategbeing located on or above the plane of the water drum and below the lower ends of said set of piping, and said ash-pit being air-tight; substantially as set forth.

26. A boiler furnace and feed water heater for steam boilers having a water chamber and heat areas, embodying therein a fur nace, a water drum within said furnace below said boiler, a plurality of water tubes or legs, the opposite ends of which open directly into the water space within said boiler, and into said Water drum, respec tively whereby a fuel combustion chamber is formed between the boiler and said legs, and the side wall of said furnace, and a gas and air combustion chamber in communicae tion with said fuel combustion chamber intel-mediate said water tubes or legs and the water areas of the boiler is formed between said Water tubes orlegs, the boiler and said Water drain, a fuel hopper surmounting and discharging into said fuel combustion chamber, said furnace being closed at the bottom whereby a down draft through said fuel combustion chamber is created,

'means for controlling the E LdIIIiSS IOILOf air at the top of said fuel "cbl nbustion hnmber, said furnace havir lg opening therethrough communicating with said gfasahd air combustion chamber; ifid-'c10'sinameans therefof'whereby air may be excluded. from or admitted to said gas" air-combustion chamber.

In withess whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence of two subscribing 10 witnesses, this 13th day of July, 1915.

JOHN RALPH SURRELL.

\Vitnesses: v

,E. E. MOLLER, -1 I F. T. VVENTWOMII.

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