USPP19920P2 - Cherry tree named ‘Royal Hazel’ - Google Patents
Cherry tree named ‘Royal Hazel’ Download PDFInfo
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- USPP19920P2 USPP19920P2 US12/003,505 US350507V USPP19920P2 US PP19920 P2 USPP19920 P2 US PP19920P2 US 350507 V US350507 V US 350507V US PP19920 P2 USPP19920 P2 US PP19920P2
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- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 title claims abstract 4
- 235000001543 Corylus americana Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 240000007582 Corylus avellana Species 0.000 title 1
- 235000007466 Corylus avellana Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001290151 Prunus avium subsp. avium Species 0.000 description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000022602 disease susceptibility Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000007021 Prunus avium Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010401 Prunus avium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006029 Prunus persica var nucipersica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000017714 Prunus persica var. nucipersica Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010039580 Scar Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000011842 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010036039 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019606 astringent taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021185 dessert Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005094 fruit set Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021018 plums Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
- A01H6/7427—Prunus, e.g. almonds
- A01H6/7445—Cherries
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of cherry tree. The following features of the tree and its fruit are characterized with the tree budded on ‘Mahaleb’ Rootstock (non-patented), grown on Handford sandy loam soil with Storie Index rating 95, in USDA Hardiness Zone 9, near Modesto, Calif., with standard commercial fruit growing practices, such as pruning, thinning, spraying, irrigation and fertilization. Its novelty consist of the following combination of desirable features:
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- 1. A low chilling requirement of approximately 500 hours at or below 45° F.
- 2. Fruit maturing in the early season.
- 3. Fruit with an attractive red skin color.
- 4. Fruit with very good flavor and eating quality.
- 5. The ability of the fruit to remain firm on the tree 7 days past maturity.
- 6. Heavy and regular production of large size fruit.
Description
Botanical classification: Prunus avium.
In the field of plant genetics, we conduct an extensive and continuing plant-breeding program including the organization and asexual reproduction of orchard trees, and of which plums, peaches, nectarines, apricots, cherries, almonds and interspecifics are exemplary. It was against this background of our activities that the present variety of cherry tree was originated and asexually reproduced by us in our experimental orchard located near Modesto, Stanislaus County, Calif.
Among the existing varieties of cherry trees, which are known to us, and mentioned herein, ‘Bing’ Cherry (non-patented) and ‘Minnie Royal’ Cherry (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 12,942).
The present new variety of cherry tree (Prunus avium) was originated by us in our experimental orchard located near Modesto, Calif. as an open pollinated seedling from a proprietary seedling selection with the field identification number ‘25Z116’. The selection ‘25Z116’ originated from a first generation cross between two selected proprietary seedlings. The two proprietary seedlings originated from a cross of a selected seedling of ‘Bing’ Cherry (non-patented) and a low chilling cherry seedling of unknown parentage. A large group of these open pollinated seedlings were budded on established ‘Mahaleb’ Rootstock (non-patented) to accelerate fruit production and maintained under close and careful observation, one such low chilling seedling, which is the present variety, bearing heavy production of large size, early maturing fruit with very good eating quality, was selected in 2002 for asexual reproduction and commercialization.
Additional asexual reproduction of the new and distinct variety of cherry tree was by budding to ‘Mahaleb’ Rootstock (non-patented), as performed by us in our experimental orchard located near Modesto, Calif., and shows that reproductions run true to the original tree and all characteristics of the tree and its fruit are established and transmitted through succeeding asexual reproductions.
The new and distinct cherry tree is of large size, vigorous upright growth and has a low winter chilling requirement of approximately 500 hours at or below 45° F. The tree is a regular and productive bearer of early maturing, large size, firm fruit with very good flavor and eating quality. The fruit is further characterized by its attractive red skin color and its ability to remain firm on the tree 7 days past maturity (shipping ripe). In comparison to its ancestor ‘Bing’ Cherry (non-patented) the new variety has a lower winter chilling requirement, blooming approximately 10 days earlier, having a wider range of adaptability, and fruit that matures approximately 12 days earlier. In comparison to its seed parent (25Z116) the new variety blooms approximately 10 days earlier, has firmer fruit with more distinct flavor and matures approximately 12 days earlier. In comparison to ‘Minnie Royal’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 12,942) the new variety has the same low winter chilling requirement of 500 hours at or below 45° F. and approximately 8 days later in maturity.
The accompanying color photographic illustration shows typical specimens of the foliage and fruit of the present new cherry variety. The illustration shows the upper and lower surface of the leaves, an exterior and sectional view of a single fruit divided in its suture plane to show flesh color, pit cavity and the stone remaining in place. The photographic illustration was taken shortly after being picked (shipping ripe) from a 9 year old tree and the colors are as nearly true as is reasonably possible in a color representation of this type.
The following is a detailed botanical description of the new variety of cherry tree, its flowers, foliage and fruit, as based on observations of 9 year old specimens grown near Modesto, Calif., with color in accordance with Munsell Book of Color.
- Tree:
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- Size.—Large. Tree pruned to 3 to 4 meters in height and 2 to 3 meters in width for economical harvesting of fruit.
- Vigor.—Vigorous. Tree growth reaching 1 to 2 meters the first growing season. Growth rate will vary slightly with soil type and depth, cultural practices and climatic conditions.
- Form.—Upright. During the first and second growing seasons scaffolds are selected and tied down to increase crotch angle and help spread to desired width.
- Branching habit.—Upright. Crotch angle approximately 30°, heavy fruit production tends to increase the branch angles.
- Productivity.—Productive, produces a heavy crop annually.
- Bearer.—Regular, adequate fruit set for 6 consecutive years.
- Fertility.—Self sterile, pollinator required.
- Density.—Medium dense. Usually pruned to vase shape to enhance health of fruit spurs by allowing greater air movement and sunshine.
- Hardiness.—Hardy in all stone fruit growing areas of California. Tree grown in USDA Hardiness Zone 9. Winter chilling requirement is approximately 500 hours at or below 45° F.
-
- Trunk:
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- Size.—Large. Measured 46.9 cm in circumference at 30.5 cm above ground on a 9 year old tree.
- Stocky.—Medium stocky.
- Texture.—Medium rough, varies with age of growth.
- Color.—Varies from 10YR 5/2 to 10YR 3/2.
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- Branches:
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- Size.—Medium. Average circumference 14.7 cm at 1.2 meters above ground.
- Surface texture.—Smooth on new growth, becomes medium rough on mature growth.
- Lenticels.—Numerous. Averages 28 in a 25.8 sq cm section. Average length 3.8 mm. Average width 2.2 mm. Color varies from 7.5YR 5/8 to 10YR 5/8.
- Color.—New growth varies from 2.5GY 6/6 to 5GY 5/8. Old growth varies from 10YR 5/2 to 10YR 3/6, varies with age of growth.
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- Leaves:
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- Size.—Large. Average length 131.0 mm. Average width 59.3 mm.
- Form.—Lanceolate.
- Apex.—Acuminate.
- Base.—Cuneate.
- Margin.—Doubly serrate.
- Thickness.—Medium.
- Surface texture.—Upper surface relatively smooth, slight indentations over leaf veins, glabrous. Lower surface relatively smooth, slight ridges created by midrib and pinnate venation, glabrous.
- Petiole.—Average length 37.2 mm. Average width 1.9 mm. Grooved longitudinally. Color varies from 2.5GY 5/8 to 7.5R 3/6 where exposed to the sun. Surface — glabrous.
- Glands.—Reniform. Large size. Number varies from 1 to 3, average number 2. Average length 1.6 mm. Average width 1.2 mm. Located primarily on the upper portion of petiole. Color varies from 7.5R 3/12 to 7.5R 2/8.
- Color.—Upper surface varies from 7.5GY 4/8 to 5GY 3/6. Lower surface varies from 5GY 4/4 to 5GY 4/6. Midvein color varies from 2.5GY 7/8 to 2.5GY 5/8.
-
- Flower buds:
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- Size.—Large. Average length 18.8 mm. Average diameter 11.0 mm.
- Hardiness.—Hardy with respect to California winters.
- Form.—Plump, conical.
- Pedicel.—Average length 14.7 mm. Average width 1.3 mm. Color varies from 2.5GY 6/6 to 5GY 5/8.
- Color.—N 9.5/ (white).
- Number of buds per spur.—Average 7, varies from 5 to 12.
-
- Flowers:
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- Size.—Large. Average height 19.4 mm. Average diameter 33.8 mm.
- Petals.—Number 5, alternately arranged to sepals. Nearly orbicular, narrows at point of attachment. Margin — sinuate with slight cleft at center of apex. Average length 18.1 mm. Average width 17.4 mm. Both upper and lower surfaces glabrous. Color — N 9.5/ (white).
- Sepals.—Number 5, alternately arranged to petals. Triangular shape. Both upper and lower surfaces glabrous. Average length 8.1 mm. Average width 5.5 mm. Color — upper surface varies from 5GY 5/8 to 5GY 4/6. Lower surface varies from 5GY 5/6 to 5R 3/6.
- Stamens.—Average number per flower 38. Average filament length 12.5 mm. Filament color N 9.5/ (white). Anther color varies from 5Y 8/8 to 5Y 8/10.
- Pollen.—Self sterile, pollinator required. Color varies from 5Y 7/10 to 5Y 7/12.
- Pistil.—Normally one. Average length 15.9 mm. Position of stigma average of 1.2 mm above anthers. Surface — glabrous. Color varies from 2.5GY 8/6 to 2.5GY 7/8.
- Fragrance.—Slight.
- Blooming period.—Data of First Bloom Mar. 6, 2007. Date of Petal Fall Mar. 16, 2007, varies slightly with climatic conditions.
- Color.—N 9.5/ (white).
- Number of flowers per flower bud.—Average 4, varies from 1 to 6.
- Pedicel.—Average length 15.8 mm. Average width 1.4 mm. Color varies from 5GY 6/6 to 5GY 5/6.
-
- Fruit:
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- Maturity when described.—Firm ripe.
- Date of first picking.—May 9, 2007.
- Date of last picking.—May 16, 2007, varies slightly with climatic conditions.
- Size.—Large. Average diameter axially 25.6 mm. Average transversely in suture plane 26.5 mm. Average weight 12.6 grams, varies with fertility of the soil, amount of thinning and climatic conditions.
- Form.—Globose, slightly flattened at apex and base.
- Suture.—Relatively smooth, extends from base to apex.
- Ventral surface.—Smooth, nearly rounded.
- Apex.—Varies from slightly retuse to rounded.
- Base.—Flat to slightly retuse.
- Cavity.—Rounded. Average depth 1.0 mm. Average diameter 2.7 mm.
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- Stem:
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- Size.—Small to medium. Average length 30.2 mm. Average diameter 1.6 mm.
- Color.—Varies from 5GY 5/6 to 5GY 4/6.
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- Flesh:
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- Ripens.—Evenly.
- Texture.—Firm, meaty.
- Fibers.—Few, small, tender.
- Aroma.—Slight.
- Amydgalin.—Undetected.
- Eating quality.—Very good.
- Flavor.—Very good, good balance between acid and sugar.
- Juice.—Very juicy, enhances flavor.
- Brix.—Average Brix 16.3°, varies slightly with amount of fruit per tree and climatic conditions.
- Color.—Varies from 5R 3/8 to 7.5R 2/8, varies with fruit maturity. Pit cavity varies from 5R 2/4 to 7.5R 2/4.
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- Skin:
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- Thickness.—Medium.
- Surface.—Smooth.
- Bloom.—Wanting.
- Tendency to crack.—None during dry weather, only slight tendency to crack in wet weather. Depends on stage of maturity.
- Color.—Varies from 7.5R 3/10 to 7.5R 2/8.
- Tenacity.—Tenacious to flesh.
- Astringency.—None.
-
- Stone:
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- Type.—Clingstone.
- Size.—Small to medium. Average length 10.3 mm. Average width 8.8 mm. Average thickness 7.0 mm.
- Form.—Obovoid.
- Base.—Flat.
- Apex.—Rounded.
- Surface.—Relatively smooth throughout.
- Sides.—Equal to unequal. Some stones have one side extending further from suture plane.
- Ridges.—A small narrow ridge on each side of the suture, extending from base to apex.
- Tendency to split.—None.
- Color.—Varies from 7.5YR 6/6 to 10YR 6/6 when dry.
-
- Kernel:
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- Form.—Ovoid.
- Taste.—Bitter.
- Viability.—Viable, good embryo development.
- Size.—Small to medium. Average length 7.7 mm. Average width 5.4 mm. Average depth 4.7 mm.
- Skin color.—Varies from 5Y 9/2 to 5Y 9/4.
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- Use: Dessert. Market — local and long distance.
- Keeping quality: Good, held firm for 14 days in cold storage at 38° to 42° F. and maintained good appearance and eating quality.
- Shipping quality: Good, minimal flesh bruising or skin scarring during picking, packing and shipping trials.
- Plant/fruit disease resistance/susceptibility: No specific testing for relative plant/fruit disease resistance/susceptibility has been designed. Under close observation during planting, growing, and harvesting of fruit, under normal cultural and growing conditions near Modesto, Calif., no particular plant/fruit disease resistance or susceptibility has been observed. Any variety or selection observed during indexing of plant characteristics with abnormal fungus, bacterial, virus or insect susceptibility is destroyed and eliminated from our breeding program.
The present new variety of cherry tree, its flowers, foliage and fruit herein described may vary in slight detail due to climate, soil conditions and cultural practices under which the variety may be grown. The present description is that of the variety grown under the ecological conditions prevailing near Modesto, Calif.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of cherry tree, substantially as illustrated and described, characterized by its large size, vigorous, upright growth and being a regular and productive bearer of early maturing, large size fruit that have the ability to remain firm on the tree 7 days past maturity (shipping ripe); the fruit is further characterized by its attractive red skin color, very good flavor and eating quality, and in comparison to ‘Bing’ Cherry (non-patented), the new variety blooms approximately 10 days earlier and the fruit matures approximately 12 days earlier.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/003,505 USPP19920P2 (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2007-12-26 | Cherry tree named ‘Royal Hazel’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/003,505 USPP19920P2 (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2007-12-26 | Cherry tree named ‘Royal Hazel’ |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USPP19920P2 true USPP19920P2 (en) | 2009-04-14 |
Family
ID=40525321
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/003,505 Active USPP19920P2 (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2007-12-26 | Cherry tree named ‘Royal Hazel’ |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USPP19920P2 (en) |
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2007
- 2007-12-26 US US12/003,505 patent/USPP19920P2/en active Active
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