US9863721B2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US9863721B2
US9863721B2 US15/127,457 US201515127457A US9863721B2 US 9863721 B2 US9863721 B2 US 9863721B2 US 201515127457 A US201515127457 A US 201515127457A US 9863721 B2 US9863721 B2 US 9863721B2
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Prior art keywords
curvature radius
header portion
header
changing
portions
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US15/127,457
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US20170131042A1 (en
Inventor
Yasuhiro Fujita
Hiroyuki Takahashi
Akihiro Tanabe
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Sumitomo Precision Products Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Precision Products Co Ltd
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Assigned to SUMITOMO PRECISION PRODUCTS CO., LTD. reassignment SUMITOMO PRECISION PRODUCTS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FUJITA, YASUHIRO, TAKAHASHI, HIROYUKI, TANABE, AKIHIRO
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
    • B01J19/249—Plate-type reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/067—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/185—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding with additional preformed parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/06—Details of tube reactors containing solid particles
    • B01J2208/065—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2451—Geometry of the reactor
    • B01J2219/2453—Plates arranged in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2451—Geometry of the reactor
    • B01J2219/2456—Geometry of the plates
    • B01J2219/2458—Flat plates, i.e. plates which are not corrugated or otherwise structured, e.g. plates with cylindrical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2461—Heat exchange aspects
    • B01J2219/2462—Heat exchange aspects the reactants being in indirect heat exchange with a non reacting heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2474—Mixing means, e.g. fins or baffles attached to the plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2476—Construction materials
    • B01J2219/2477—Construction materials of the catalysts
    • B01J2219/2481—Catalysts in granular from between plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2491—Other constructional details
    • B01J2219/2492—Assembling means
    • B01J2219/2493—Means for assembling plates together, e.g. sealing means, screws, bolts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2491—Other constructional details
    • B01J2219/2492—Assembling means
    • B01J2219/2493—Means for assembling plates together, e.g. sealing means, screws, bolts
    • B01J2219/2495—Means for assembling plates together, e.g. sealing means, screws, bolts the plates being assembled interchangeably or in a disposable way
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0022—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for chemical reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/0297—Side headers, e.g. for radiators having conduits laterally connected to common header
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/06—Fastening; Joining by welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly, it relates to a heat exchanger including a core portion that exchanges heat and a header portion mounted on the core portion.
  • a heat exchanger including a core portion that exchanges heat and a header portion mounted on the core portion is known in general.
  • a heat exchanger like this is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2011-80750 and Japanese Utility Model Laying-Open No. 6-65775, for example.
  • a heat exchanger including a heat exchange block (core portion) that exchanges heat, a header portion for supplying a fluid to the heat exchange block (core portion) or discharging the fluid from the heat exchange block (core portion), and an intermediate member (joint plate) made of metal and provided between the heat exchange block (core portion) and the header portion.
  • the intermediate member (joint plate) made of metal is formed of a rectangular frame body (a frame body having right-angled corners in a plan view). One side of the intermediate member (joint plate) is brazed or welded to the heat exchange block (core portion), and the other side of the intermediate member is welded to the header portion.
  • the heat exchange block (core portion) has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2011-80750
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Utility Model Laying-Open No. 6-65775
  • the corners of the header portion are formed in a curved surface shape (an arcuate shape in a plan view).
  • the heat exchanger according to Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2011-80750 and Japanese Utility Model Laying-Open No. 6-65775, the corners of the intermediate member (joint plate) are right-angled in a plan view, and hence there is such a problem that the header portion and the intermediate member cannot be bonded to each other (a gap is generated in a bonding portion between the header portion and the intermediate member) due to a difference in shape between the arcuate corners of the header portion and the right-angled corners of the intermediate member.
  • the corners of the intermediate member may be formed in an arcuate shape to fit into the arcuate corners of the header portion.
  • the corners of the intermediate member are formed in an arcuate shape to fit into the arcuate corners of the header portion, as just described, there is such a problem that flow paths arranged in the vicinity of the corners of the heat exchange block having a rectangular shape in a plan view, of multiple flow paths through which the fluid of the heat exchange block flows, are not covered with the header portion (intermediate member) (is exposed to the outside).
  • the present invention has been proposed in order to solve the aforementioned problems, and one object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger in which a header portion and an intermediate member can be bonded to each other while exposure of flow paths of the core portion to the outside is suppressed even when the corners of the header portion are formed in an arcuate shape.
  • a heat exchanger includes a core portion that includes a flow path through which each of a first fluid and a second fluid flows, and exchanges heat between the first fluid and the second fluid, a header portion that is mounted on the core portion and allows the first fluid or the second fluid to flow into the flow path or flow out of the flow path, and an intermediate member that is provided between the core portion and the header portion, has a frame shape, and bonds the core portion and the header portion to each other, and the curvature radius, at a core portion side, of a corner of the intermediate member is smaller than the curvature radius, at a header portion side, of the corner of the intermediate member.
  • the curvature radius, at the core portion side, of the corner of the intermediate member provided between the core portion and the header portion is smaller than the curvature radius, at the header portion side, of the corner of the intermediate member, whereby the flow path provided in a corner of the core portion can be covered with the intermediate member, and hence the header portion and the intermediate member can be bonded to each other even when a corner of the header portion is formed in an arcuate shape. Consequently, even when the corner of the header portion is formed in an arcuate shape, the header portion and the intermediate member can be bonded to each other while exposure of the flow path of the core portion to the outside is suppressed.
  • the heat exchanger includes a catalytic reactor in which the core portion is filled with a catalyst
  • the intermediate member includes a curvature radius changing portion provided closer to the core portion, of which the curvature radius at the core portion side is smaller than the curvature radius at the header portion side, and a curvature radius non-changing portion connected to the curvature radius changing portion and provided closer to the header portion, of which the curvature radius of a corner is not substantially changed from the side of the core portion toward the side of the header portion.
  • the intermediate member includes the curvature radius non-changing portion, of which the curvature radius of the corner is not substantially changed from the side of the core portion toward the side of the header portion, whereby the curvature radius of the curvature radius non-changing portion is not changed by cutting at the boundary between the curvature radius non-changing portion and the header portion even when the heat-affected portion of the curvature radius non-changing portion is scraped off.
  • the curvature radius non-changing portion and the header portion can be easily welded to each other after the heat-affected portion is scraped off.
  • the header portion is formed in a substantially rectangular shape having four arcuate corners, as viewed in a direction in which the header portion is mounted, and the curvature radii of four corners of the curvature radius non-changing portion are more than one and a half times the thickness of the header portion and are substantially equal to the curvature radius of the header portion at a boundary between the curvature radius non-changing portion and the header portion.
  • the curvature radii of the corners of the header portion on which press working has been performed are at least one and a half times the thickness of the header portion.
  • the curvature radii of the corners of the curvature radius non-changing portion are more than one and a half times the thickness of the header portion and are substantially equal to the curvature radius of the header portion at the boundary between the curvature radius non-changing portion and the header portion, whereby the header portion on which press working has been performed can be easily welded to the curvature radius non-changing portion.
  • the term “as viewed in a direction in which the header portion is mounted” indicates a wide concept including the case where the heat exchanger is viewed from above, from below, and laterally.
  • the header portion is formed by press working, whereby the header portion can be easily formed, unlike the case where the header portion is formed by welding multiple members.
  • the header portion and the curvature radius non-changing portion are bonded to each other by welding, and when the catalyst provided in the core portion is replaced, the header portion is cut at a portion welded to the curvature radius non-changing portion, the catalyst is replaced, and thereafter the header portion and the curvature radius non-changing portion are bonded again to each other by welding.
  • the thickness t 1 of each of portions of the header portion and the curvature radius non-changing portion scraped off due to a thermal effect is up to a value expressed by the following formula (1) where t 2 is the thickness of the header portion, and after each of the header portion and the curvature radius non-changing portion is scraped off by the thickness t 1 , the header portion and the curvature radius non-changing portion are bonded again to each other by welding.
  • the header portion and the intermediate member can be bonded to each other while exposure of the flow path of the core portion to the outside is suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 A perspective view showing the structure of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 An exploded perspective view showing the structure of the heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 A side elevational view of the heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from an X-direction side.
  • FIG. 4 A side elevational view of the heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from a Y-direction side.
  • FIG. 5 A top view of a core portion and an intermediate member of the heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 A side elevational view of the corners of the core portion, the intermediate member, and a header portion according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 A perspective view of the intermediate member and the header portion of the heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 A perspective view of a curvature radius changing portion of the intermediate member of the heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 A diagram for illustrating a method for replacing a catalyst in the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heat exchanger 100 includes a core portion 1 , header portions 2 (header portions 2 a to 2 d ), and intermediate members 3 (intermediate members 3 a to 3 d ).
  • the core portion 1 , the header portions 2 , and the intermediate members 3 are made of metal.
  • the core portion 1 includes flow paths 14 (see FIG. 5 ), described later, through which a first fluid having a relatively high temperature and a second fluid having a relatively low temperature flow, respectively, and is configured to exchange heat between the first fluid having a relatively high temperature and the second fluid having a relatively low temperature.
  • the core portion 1 includes a plate-fin type core portion 1 in which fins 11 and separate plates 12 are alternately stacked, as shown in FIG. 5 , for example. In regions surrounded by the fins 11 and the separate plates 12 , the flow paths 14 (see FIG. 5 ) are formed.
  • the flow paths 14 through which the first fluid or the second fluid flows are filled with a catalyst (not shown).
  • the heat exchanger 100 serves as a catalytic reactor.
  • the core portion 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape (a substantially rectangular shape including four corners 1 a in a plan view).
  • the header portion 2 a is provided above (Z 1 -direction side) the core portion 1 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the header portion 2 a is provided with an inflow/outflow port 21 a through which the fluids flow in or flow out.
  • the header portion 2 b is provided below (Z 2 -direction side) the core portion 1 , and is provided with an inflow/outflow port 21 b .
  • the header portion 2 c is provided laterally (Y 1 -direction side) to the core portion 1 , and is provided with an inflow/outflow port 21 c .
  • the header portion 2 d is provided laterally (Y 2 -direction side) to the core portion 1 , and is provided with an inflow/outflow port 21 d (see FIGS. 3 and 4 ).
  • the header portions 2 a to 2 d are mounted on the core portion 1 by welding (or brazing).
  • the header portions 2 a to 2 d have similar structures, and hence the header portion 2 a is described
  • the header portion 2 a is formed in a substantially rectangular shape having four arcuate corners 22 a , as viewed in a direction in which the header portion 2 a is mounted (from above), as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 .
  • Longitudinal direction ends 23 a at an X 1 -direction side and an X 2 -direction side each have a substantially arcuate shape (see FIG. 3 ), as viewed in a direction X, and have a substantially arcuate shape (see FIG. 4 ), as viewed in a direction Y.
  • a body portion 24 a between the two longitudinal direction ends 23 a has a substantially semicylindrical shape.
  • portions (linear portions 25 a ) of the header portion 2 a closer to the intermediate member 3 a (Z 2 -direction side) are formed substantially linearly (in a flat plate shape) along a direction Z (vertical direction). Due to the formation by press working, the four corners 22 a of the header portion 2 a are configured such that curvature radii R 1 at boundaries A 1 (portions in contact with the intermediate member 3 a ; see FIG. 6 ) between curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a of the intermediate member 3 a described later and the header portion 2 a are at least three times the thickness t 2 (see FIG. 6 ) of the header portion 2 a .
  • a plate-like rectification portion 26 a (see view (a) of FIG. 9 ) that rectifies the first fluid flowing into the core portion 1 is provided inside the header portion 2 a .
  • the structure of the header portion 2 b (corners 22 b etc.) is the same as the structure of the header portion 2 a.
  • the header portion 2 c and the header portion 2 d are also formed, by press working, in substantially rectangular shapes in which four corners 22 c and four arcuate corners 22 d have arcuate shapes with curvature radii of at least three times the respective thicknesses of the header portions 2 c and 2 d , as viewed in a direction in which the header portion 2 c and the header portion 2 d are mounted (laterally), similarly to the header portion 2 a .
  • the lengths of the header portions 2 c and 2 d in a longitudinal direction are substantially equal to the lengths of the header portions 2 a and 2 b in a longitudinal direction, and the lengths of the header portions 2 c and 2 d in a short-side direction are less than the lengths of the header portions 2 a and 2 b in a short-side direction.
  • the remaining structures of the header portions 2 a and 2 d are similar to the structures of the header portions 2 a and 2 b.
  • the intermediate members 3 are provided between the core portion 1 and the header portions 2 (header portions 2 a to 2 d ), and each have a substantially rectangular frame shape.
  • the intermediate members 3 are configured to bond the core portion 1 and the header portions 2 (header portions 2 a to 2 d ) to each other.
  • the intermediate members 3 a to 3 d have similar structures, and hence the intermediate member 3 a is described below in detail.
  • the four corners 31 a of the intermediate member 3 a are configured such that curvature radii R 2 at a core portion 1 side are smaller than curvature radii R 3 at a header portion 2 a side, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 .
  • the intermediate member 3 a includes curvature radius changing portions 32 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a .
  • the curvature radius changing portions 32 a are provided closer to the core portion 1 , and are configured such that the curvature radii R 2 at the core portion 1 side are smaller than curvature radii R 3 at the header portion 2 a side.
  • the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are connected to the curvature radius changing portions 32 a , are provided closer to the header portion 2 a , and are configured such that the curvature radii R 3 of corners 331 a are not substantially changed from the side of the core portion 1 toward the side of the header portion 2 a .
  • the intermediate member 3 a is formed in a shape in which the curvature radii of the corners 31 a are changed.
  • the curvature radii R 3 , at the header portion 2 a side, of the four corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a are at least three times (at least 3t) the thickness t 2 of the header portion 2 a
  • the curvature radii R 2 , at the core portion 1 side, of the four corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a are substantially one and a half times (substantially 1.5t) the thickness t 2 of the header portion 2 a .
  • portions, closer to the core portion 1 , of the corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a each are formed in a shape closer to a right angle as compared with portions, closer to the header portion 2 a , of the corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a .
  • the curvature radii R 3 of the four corners 331 a of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are substantially equal to the curvature radii R 1 (at least 3t) of the header portion 2 a at the boundaries A 1 (see FIGS. 6 and 7 ) between the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a and the header portion 2 a.
  • the four corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a are configured such that the curvature radii are gradually and continuously reduced from the side of the header portion 2 a toward the side of the core portion 1 . More specifically, the curvature radii of the four corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a are gradually reduced from at least three times (at least 3t) the thickness t 2 of the header portion 2 a to substantially one and a half times (substantially 1.5t) the thickness t 2 of the header portion 2 a.
  • the curvature radii R 3 of the corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a are substantially equal to the curvature radii R 3 of the corners 331 a of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a .
  • the curvature radii of the corners 31 a are gradually increased from the side of the core portion 1 toward the side of the header portion 2 a , and are not changed from the boundaries A 2 between the curvature radius changing portions 32 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a to the boundaries A 1 between the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a and header portion 2 a .
  • Portions (connection portions 34 a that connect a corner and a corner to each other) of the intermediate member 3 a other than the four corners 31 a each have a flat plate shape including a flat surface from the side of the core portion 1 to the side of the header portion 2 a.
  • the lengths L 1 of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are more than the lengths L 2 of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a (L 1 >L 2 ), as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the lengths L 1 of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are at least twice and not more than three times the lengths L 2 of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a , for example.
  • the structure of the intermediate member 3 b is the same as the structure of the intermediate member 3 a .
  • the lengths of the intermediate members 3 c and 3 d in a longitudinal direction are substantially equal to the lengths of the intermediate members 3 a and 3 b in a longitudinal direction, and the lengths of the intermediate members 3 c and 3 d in a short-side direction are less than the lengths of the intermediate members 3 a and 3 b in a short-side direction.
  • the remaining structures of the intermediate members 3 c and 3 d are similar to the structures of the intermediate members 3 a and 3 b .
  • the corners 31 b to 31 d of the intermediate members 3 b to 3 d are also configured such that curvature radii at core portion 1 sides are smaller than curvature radii at header portion 2 b to 2 d sides, similarly to the intermediate member 3 a.
  • the header portion 2 a and the intermediate member 3 a are bonded to each other by welding.
  • the header portion 2 a is cut at portions (the boundaries A 1 between the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a ) welded to the intermediate member 3 a (curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a ), the catalyst is replaced, and thereafter the header portion 2 a and the intermediate member 3 a (curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a ) are bonded again to each other by welding.
  • the header portion 2 b is also cut and welded similarly to the header portion 2 a . A method for replacing the catalyst is described later in detail.
  • the first fluid flows into the inflow/outflow port 21 a of the header portion 2 a . Then, the first fluid flowing in from the header portion 2 a flows through the core portion 1 vertically downward (in a direction Z 2 ), and flows out through the inflow/outflow port 21 b of the header portion 2 b .
  • the second fluid flows into the inflow/outflow port 21 c of the header portion 2 c . Then, the second fluid flowing in from the header portion 2 c flows through the core portion 1 from the Y 1 -direction side to the Y 2 -direction side in an L-shape (or a Z-shape), and flows out through the inflow/outflow port 21 d of the header portion 2 d.
  • the header portion 2 a and the header portion 2 b are cut. Operations on the header portion 2 b are the same as those on the header portion 2 a , and hence the header portion 2 a is described below.
  • the header portion 2 a (linear portions 25 a ) is substantially horizontally cut at the boundaries (height positions h 1 from the core portion 1 ) between the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a of the intermediate member 3 a , as shown in view (b) (left view) of FIG. 9 .
  • the header portion 2 a is cut at portions welded to the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a , whereby the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are formed with heat-affected portions 27 a and 35 a , respectively.
  • the thickness t 1 of each of portions of the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a scraped off due to thermal effects is up to a value expressed by the following formula (2) where t 2 is the thickness of the header portion 2 a , and each of the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a is scraped off by the thickness t 1 .
  • t 1 2.0 ⁇ square root over ( t 2) ⁇ (2)
  • grooves 40 are formed in portions of the header portion 2 a scraped off by the thickness t 1 and portions of the intermediate member 3 a (curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a ) scraped off by the thickness t 1 .
  • the grooves 40 each have a substantially V-shape, as viewed laterally (a direction perpendicular to the plane).
  • the grooves 40 each may be formed in a shape other than the substantially V-shape according to the plate thickness and the welding conditions.
  • the catalyst with which the flow paths 14 of the core portion 1 are filled is removed, and the core portion 1 is cleaned. Then, the flow paths 14 are filled with a catalyst.
  • the header portion 2 a and the intermediate member 3 a (curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a ) both formed with the grooves 40 are bonded again to each other by welding at height positions h 2 ( ⁇ h 1 ) smaller than the height positions h 1 , as shown in view (b) (right view) of FIG. 9 .
  • the first replacement of the catalyst is terminated.
  • the lengths of the header portion 2 a and the intermediate member 3 a become lengths (height positions h 6 ) not allowing welding.
  • welding places are in the vicinity of an unshown temperature measurement port provided in the intermediate member 3 a , and welding becomes not feasible.
  • the following effects can be obtained. Although the effects regarding the header portion 2 a and the intermediate member 3 a are described below, similar effects are obtained also regarding the header portions 2 b to 2 d and the intermediate members 3 b to 3 d.
  • the curvature radii R 2 , at the core portion 1 side, of the corners 31 a of the intermediate member provided between the core portion 1 and the header portion 2 a are smaller than the curvature radii R 3 , at the header portion 2 a side, of the corners 31 a of the intermediate member, whereby the flow paths 14 provided in the corners 1 a of the core portion 1 can be covered with the intermediate member 3 a , and hence the header portion 2 a and the intermediate member 3 a can be bonded to each other even when the corners 22 a of the header portion 2 a each are formed in an arcuate shape.
  • the header portion 2 a and the intermediate member 3 a can be bonded to each other while exposure of the flow paths 14 of the core portion 1 to the outside is suppressed.
  • the heat exchanger 100 is the catalytic reactor in which the core portion 1 is filled with the catalyst, and the intermediate member 3 a includes the curvature radius changing portions 32 a provided closer to the core portion 1 , of which the curvature radii R 2 at the core portion 1 side is smaller than the curvature radii R 3 at the header portion 2 a side, and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a connected to the curvature radius changing portions 32 a and provided closer to the header portion 2 a , of which the curvature radii of the corners 331 a are not substantially changed from the side of the core portion 1 toward the side of the header portion 2 a .
  • the intermediate member 3 a includes the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a , of which the curvature radii of the corners 331 a are not substantially changed from the side of the core portion 1 toward the side of the header portion 2 a , whereby the curvature radii R 3 of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are not changed by cutting at the boundaries A 1 between the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a and the header portion 2 a even when the heat-affected portions 35 a of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are scraped off, and the curvature radii R 1 of the header portion 2 a are also not changed by cutting at the boundaries A 1 between the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a and the header portion 2 a even when the heat-affected portions 27 a of the header portion 2 a are scraped off.
  • the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a and the header portion 2 a can be easily welded to each other after the
  • the lengths L 1 of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are more than the lengths L 2 of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a .
  • cutting and welding of the header portion 2 a are repetitively performed, and hence scraping off of the heat-affected portions 27 a of the header portion 2 a and the heat-affected portions 35 a of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a is also repetitively performed.
  • the lengths of the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are gradually reduced.
  • the lengths L 1 of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are more than the lengths L 2 of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a , whereby the number of times of cutting and welding (the number of times of replacement of the catalyst) of the header portion 2 a can be increased due to the large lengths L 1 of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a.
  • the curvature radii of the corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a are gradually reduced from the side of the header portion 2 a toward the side of the core portion 1 .
  • the shapes of the inner surfaces of the corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a become smooth (have small roughness) from the side of the header portion 2 a toward the side of the core portion 1 , and hence the fluids flowing into the flow paths 14 of the core portion 1 or flowing out of the core portion 1 can smoothly flow.
  • the curvature radii R 3 of the corners 321 a of the curvature radius changing portions 32 a and the curvature radii R 3 of the corners 331 a of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are substantially equal to each other.
  • the inner surfaces at the boundaries A 2 are smoothly connected without any steps, and hence the fluids flowing into the flow paths 14 of the core portion 1 or flowing out of the core portion 1 can smoothly flow.
  • the header portion 2 a is formed in a substantially rectangular shape having the four arcuate corners 22 a , as viewed in the direction in which the header portion 2 a is mounted, and the curvature radii R 3 of the four corners 331 a of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are at least three times the thickness t 2 of the header portion 2 a and are substantially equal to the curvature radii R 1 of the header portion 2 a at the boundaries A 1 between the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a and the header portion 2 a .
  • the curvature radii R 1 of the corners 22 a of the header portion 2 a on which press working has been performed are at least one and a half times the thickness t 2 of the header portion 2 a .
  • the curvature radii R 3 of the corners 331 a of the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are at least three times the thickness t of the header portion 2 a and are substantially equal to the curvature radii R 1 of the header portion 2 a at the boundaries A 1 between the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a and the header portion 2 a , whereby the header portion 2 a on which press working has been performed can be easily welded to the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a.
  • the header portion 2 a is formed by press working, whereby the header portion 2 a can be easily formed, unlike the case where the header portion 2 a is formed by welding multiple members.
  • the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are bonded to each other by welding, and when the catalyst provided in the core portion 1 is replaced, the header portion 2 a is cut at the portions welded to the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a and the catalyst is replaced, and thereafter the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are bonded again to each other by welding.
  • the thickness t 1 of each of the portions of the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a scraped off due to thermal effects is up to the value expressed by the above formula (2) where t 2 is the thickness of the header portion 2 a , and after each of the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a is scraped off by the thickness t 1 , the header portion 2 a and the curvature radius non-changing portions 33 a are bonded again to each other by welding.
  • the intermediate member includes the curvature radius changing portions, of which the curvature radii are changed, and the curvature radius non-changing portions, of which the curvature radii are not substantially changed, has been shown in the aforementioned embodiment, the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • the intermediate member may include only the curvature radius changing portions, of which the curvature radii are changed.
  • the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • the lengths of the curvature radius non-changing portions may be not more than the lengths of the curvature radius changing portions.
  • the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • the curvature radii of the corners of the curvature radius changing portions may be reduced in a stepwise fashion (in a staircase pattern) from the side of the header portion toward the side of the core portion.
  • the header portion is formed in a substantially rectangular shape having the four arcuate corners
  • the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • the header portion may be formed in a substantially rectangular shape having the four arcuate corners.
  • the curvature radii of the four corners of the curvature radius non-changing portions are at least three times the thickness of the header portion
  • the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • the curvature radii of the four corners of the curvature radius non-changing portions may be more than one and a half times and less than three times the thickness of the header portion to match the curvature radii of the header portion at the boundaries between the curvature radius non-changing portions and the header portion.
  • the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • the header portion 2 a and the header portion 2 b may not be cut, but the header portion 2 c and the header portion 2 d may be cut and be welded again.
  • all the four header portions 2 a to 2 d may be cut and be welded again.
  • the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • the header portion used until now may be welded again after the catalyst is replaced.
  • the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention may be used as other than the catalytic reactor.
  • each of the header portion and the curvature radius non-changing portions is scraped off by the thickness t 1 up to the value expressed by the above formula (2)
  • the present invention is not restricted to this.
  • each of the header portion and the curvature radius non-changing portions may be scraped off by the thickness t 1 up to a value expressed by the following formula (3) where t 2 is the thickness of the header portion.
  • t 1 2.5 ⁇ square root over ( t 2) ⁇ (3)

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
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JP2014059595A JP6356989B2 (ja) 2014-03-24 2014-03-24 熱交換器
JP2014-059595 2014-03-24
PCT/JP2015/057730 WO2015146678A1 (ja) 2014-03-24 2015-03-16 熱交換器

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CN105806109B (zh) * 2016-03-24 2020-01-07 南京工业大学 用于气-气热交换的逆流式翅片板换热器
JP7035308B2 (ja) * 2016-11-25 2022-03-15 株式会社Ihi 圧力容器
GB2557320B (en) * 2016-12-06 2021-10-27 Denso Marston Ltd Heat exchanger
JP6347003B1 (ja) 2017-01-25 2018-06-20 デウ シップビルディング アンド マリン エンジニアリング カンパニー リミテッド Ｌｎｇ船の蒸発ガス再液化方法及びシステム
KR101858514B1 (ko) * 2017-01-25 2018-05-17 대우조선해양 주식회사 Lng 선의 증발가스 재액화 방법 및 시스템
DE102018007737A1 (de) * 2018-10-01 2020-04-02 Hitachi Zosen Inova Etogas Gmbh Festbettanordnung
EP4028156B1 (de) * 2019-09-13 2023-07-12 HTE GmbH The High Throughput Experimentation Company Vorrichtung und verfahren zur untersuchung von chemischen prozessen

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JP2011080750A (ja) 2009-10-02 2011-04-21 Linde Ag プレート式熱交換器の製造法

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JP2011080750A (ja) 2009-10-02 2011-04-21 Linde Ag プレート式熱交換器の製造法
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EA201691874A1 (ru) 2017-02-28
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US20170131042A1 (en) 2017-05-11
EA030010B1 (ru) 2018-06-29
EP3124909A1 (de) 2017-02-01
EP3124909A4 (de) 2017-03-29
CN106068436A (zh) 2016-11-02
WO2015146678A1 (ja) 2015-10-01

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