US9698659B2 - Flux-switching electrical machine - Google Patents

Flux-switching electrical machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US9698659B2
US9698659B2 US14/350,474 US201214350474A US9698659B2 US 9698659 B2 US9698659 B2 US 9698659B2 US 201214350474 A US201214350474 A US 201214350474A US 9698659 B2 US9698659 B2 US 9698659B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
grooves
windings
machine
rotor
radially
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Expired - Fee Related, expires
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US14/350,474
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English (en)
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US20140252905A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Manfe
Patrick Vohlgemuth
Benjamin Gaussens
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Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
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Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
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Assigned to MOTEURS LEROY-SOMER reassignment MOTEURS LEROY-SOMER ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MANFE, PHILIPPE, VOHLGEMUTH, PATRICK, GAUSSENS, Benjamin
Publication of US20140252905A1 publication Critical patent/US20140252905A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
    • H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
    • H02K19/12—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings, e.g. for self-excitation, compounding or pole-changing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
    • H02K19/26—Synchronous generators characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to flux-switching machines and more specifically, but not exclusively, to those referred to as single excitation machines.
  • a flux-switching machine comprises a non-wound rotor devoid of permanent magnets and a stator comprising phase windings and excitation windings and/or permanent magnets.
  • the AC voltage at the terminals of the phase windings is produced by the switching of the flux following the rotation of the rotor.
  • stator In conventional single excitation machines the stator is formed of a sequence of teeth and grooves, in which an excitation coil and a phase coil are arranged successively.
  • FIG. 6 shows a double excitation machine, with grooves housing permanent magnets and excitation windings on the stator.
  • Utility model CN 201536282 and patent EP0909010 disclose a double excitation flux-switching machine, in which the permanent magnets influence the excitation of the motor.
  • Publication FR 2 898 439 discloses a double excitation flux-switching machine.
  • the grooves in the stator are of unequal shape so as to allow excitation windings and phase windings to be housed simultaneously in the deeper grooves.
  • each groove receiving conductors of an excitation winding and the two adjacent grooves receiving conductors of phase windings constitute a basic cell.
  • the excitation coils and the phase coils each cover two teeth pitches on the stator, that is to say the grooves which receive said windings are separated by two teeth.
  • the object or the invention is to perfect these machines further.
  • the invention relates to an electrical machine, advantageously a single excitation flux-switching machine, comprising excitation windings and phase windings, the excitation windings and the phase windings being housed in respective grooves in the stator, said grooves being of unequal shape and formed such that the excitation phases are offset radially with respect to the phase windings.
  • the excitation windings are advantageously closer to the air gap than the phase windings.
  • the mechanical interferences between the excitation coils and the phase coils are reduced, and the radial offset makes it possible to minimize the length and bulk of the coil heads.
  • the invention also makes it possible to reduce very significantly the quantity of conductor materials used and to improve performance, in particular in terms of power and output.
  • the invention makes it possible, due to the positioning of the excitation windings, to reduce the excitation leakage flux and to raise the coupling of the rotor and stator armatures, which helps to increase the available electromagnetic torque.
  • the ratio a/b may be between 0.65 and 0.85, better still between 0.7 and 0.8.
  • phase windings and the excitation windings preferably overlap radially, that is to say they extend at least in part opposite one another in the radial direction, which makes it possible to increase compactness.
  • Each groove advantageously receives only one type of winding, that is to say a phase or excitation winding.
  • a given groove thus does not comprise electrical conductors of phase windings and excitation windings simultaneously.
  • the grooves housing the windings distanced radially further from the rotor may have a greater circumferential dimension larger than the greatest circumferential dimension of the grooves housing the windings distanced less far radially from the rotor. This makes it possible to provide a greater sheet width for the excitation flux.
  • the windings housed in the grooves distanced radially further from the rotor occupy a section S 1 in the grooves
  • the windings housed in the grooves distanced less far radially from the rotor occupy a section S 2 in the grooves, where S 2 ⁇ S 1 .
  • the base of the grooves distanced further radially from the axis of rotation of the rotor are arranged at a distance R 2 , and the base of the grooves arranged less far from the axis of rotation are arranged at a distance R 1 therefrom, wherein possibly 0.8 ⁇ R 1 /R 2 ⁇ 1.0.
  • This facilitates a configuration in which the phase windings are housed in the corresponding grooves, arranged in two superimposed layers, the conductors associated, with each layer occupying the same regions of the two layers and/or the conductors of the excitation windings are arranged in the corresponding grooves in two nested layers, the conductors of one layer being arranged in different regions of the layers.
  • the phase windings are housed in the corresponding grooves by being arranged without superimposing one another radially in these grooves, and the excitation windings are housed in the corresponding grooves by being arranged without superimposing one another radially in those grooves.
  • the grooves distanced further radially from the axis of rotation of the rotor may have, between the winding received by the groove and the air gap, opposed edges that are divergent then convergent in the direction of the rotor.
  • the angle of divergence is between 50 and 60° for example.
  • the divergent edges may be connected at their radially outer end to the convergent edges. These convergent edges may be connected to a shoulder, which helps to retain the conductors of the winding in the groove.
  • the grooves housing the windings distanced less far radially from the rotor may comprise reliefs for fixing chocks tot retaining the windings.
  • the machine may comprise a single phase winding per groove or, in a variant, two phase windings per groove.
  • stator teeth n ds equal to 24 and a number of rotor teeth n dr equal to 14.
  • FIG. 1 shows part of an example of a stator formed in accordance with the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate two possibilities for arranging windings of the stator in the grooves
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show two exemplary embodiments of a stator winding.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a stator 1 of a single flux-switching machine, said stator being designed to cooperate magnetically with a rotor which is devoid of permanent magnets and comprises, for example, n dr teeth arranged equidistantly on the periphery of the rotor.
  • the stator 1 comprises two sets of grooves, that is to say a first set of grooves 3 receiving the excitation windings E and a second set of grooves 5 receiving the phase windings A, B and C in the case of a three-phase machine.
  • the grooves 3 and 5 are offset radially, the base 6 of the grooves 5 being arranged at a greater distance from the axis of rotation than the base 7 of the grooves 3 .
  • FIG. 1 some grooves 3 or 5 have been shown without the windings so as to show the contour more clearly.
  • the grooves 3 may comprise, close to the air gap, reliefs 10 in the form of small necks for receiving chocks 11 for retaining the windings, said chocks being mounted slidingly in the necks 10 (not illustrated).
  • the grooves 5 have a shoulder 13 , which can serve to rest against the conductors housed inside.
  • the shoulder 13 borders a passage 15 formed between the convergent edges 16 , which are connected in the direction of the air gap to edges 17 which diverge as they near the rotor and in turn are connected to edges 18 which converge as they near the rotor.
  • the edges 18 are preferably as radial as possible so as to produce a passage of excitation flux of substantially constant density in the direction of the air gap.
  • a and b denote the respective angular widths of a tooth and a groove at the air gap, then the following is preferably true: a/b ⁇ 0.75.
  • the angular width b of the grooves 3 at the air gap is preferably equal to that of the grooves 5 .
  • R 2 denotes the distance from the base 6 of the groove 5 to the axis of rotation of the rotor
  • R 1 denotes the distance from the base 7 of the groove 3 to the same ads
  • R 3 denotes the distance from the winding received in the groove 5 to the axis of rotation, that is to say the distance from the shoulder 13 to this axis.
  • the coils received in the grooves 3 are arranged at a distance R 4 from the axis of rotation.
  • 0.8 ⁇ R 1 /R 2 ⁇ 1.0 which facilitates the mounting of the windings in accordance with a nested configuration, as described further below with reference to FIG. 5 .
  • angle ⁇ of divergence of the edges 17 is between 50 and 60°, for example.
  • the grooves 5 which are further from the axis of rotation than the grooves 3 may have at greater circumferential dimension l 1 larger than the greatest circumferential dimension l 2 of the grooves 3 .
  • the machine comprises a sequence of basic cells each formed by at groove containing the conductors or E+ or E ⁇ of an excitation winding E and by two adjacent grooves receiving the conductors of the phase coils A+, A ⁇ , B+, B ⁇ , C+ or C ⁇ , the machine being multi-phased, in particular three-phased, A, B and C denoting the phases.
  • the signs + and ⁇ are attributed to the conductors depending on whether they have one direction or another within the groove.
  • the same excitation coil thus comprises conductors E+ and E ⁇ .
  • the excitation windings E are connected conventionally to a direct current source.
  • each coil is oriented substantially radially, the machine being what is known as a “radial” machine.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate exemplary configurations for filling the grooves.
  • the suitor is represented linearly with equal grooves 3 and 5 for clarity and simplification of the drawing.
  • the grooves which receive the phase windings may each receive a single phase winding, as illustrated in FIG. 2 , for example with, as illustrated, an alternation in the circumferential direction between the conductors E+ et E ⁇ of the excitation windings and those of the phase windings, for example with, as illustrated, the sequence of phase conductor A+, excitation conductor E+, phase conductor A ⁇ , excitation conductor E ⁇ , phase conductor excitation conductor phase conductor B ⁇ .
  • the winding is said to be double-layered, that is to say a groove receiving, the phase windings receives the windings of two phases, for example A+ and C ⁇ , B+ and A ⁇ , C+ and B ⁇ , A+ and C ⁇ , as illustrated.
  • phase windings A, B or C can each be arranged, as illustrated in FIG. 4 , in a layer 67 , the electric conductors of the same phase winding, occupying groove portions arranged at the same distance from the axis of rotation. Two phase windings having conductors received in the same groove 5 are not superimposed radially. The same may be true of the excitation windings E. It can be seen in FIG. 4 that the coil heads are not nested.
  • FIG. 5 a configuration in which the phase windings A, B or C are arranged in two layers 60 , 61 in a manner radially superimposed in the grooves 3 is shown.
  • the electric conductors in the same layer 60 or 61 occupy groove portions arranged at the same distance from the axis of rotation.
  • the excitation windings E are arranged in two nested layers 63 , 64 , that is to say the conductors in the same layer 63 or 64 are arranged in portions 3 a , 3 b of two consecutive grooves 3 , arranged at different distances from the axis of rotation.
  • the same excitation winding comprises, on the one hand, conductors arranged in the portion 3 b of the groove 3 closest to the air gap, and, on the other hand, in the adjacent groove 3 , conductors arranged in the portion 3 a of the groove furthest from the air gap.
  • the invention is not limited to these specific configurations of grooves and windings, and, for example, basic cells may be provided of which the grooves receiving the excitation conductors E+ and E ⁇ respectively of the same excitation coil are separated by a different number of teeth.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
US14/350,474 2011-11-10 2012-11-08 Flux-switching electrical machine Expired - Fee Related US9698659B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1160283 2011-11-10
FR1160283A FR2982714B1 (fr) 2011-11-10 2011-11-10 Machine electrique a commutation de flux
PCT/IB2012/056253 WO2013068956A2 (fr) 2011-11-10 2012-11-08 Machine electrique a commutation de flux

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20140252905A1 US20140252905A1 (en) 2014-09-11
US9698659B2 true US9698659B2 (en) 2017-07-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/350,474 Expired - Fee Related US9698659B2 (en) 2011-11-10 2012-11-08 Flux-switching electrical machine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9698659B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP2777137A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN103931088B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2982714B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN2014KN00979A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO2013068956A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11201529B2 (en) * 2016-12-20 2021-12-14 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Rotary electric machine

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105356708B (zh) * 2015-12-24 2018-07-24 浙江科技学院 一种电励磁磁通切换两相方波电机
CN108123560B (zh) * 2016-11-30 2021-10-26 亨特风扇公司 用于吊扇的电动机的定子
FR3084792B1 (fr) * 2018-08-01 2020-08-14 Safran Electrical & Power Machine asynchrone a double bobinage, ensemble, aeronef et procede associes
CN115051489A (zh) * 2021-03-09 2022-09-13 福特全球技术公司 一种电机定子及减轻电机扭矩波动的方法

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US2385101A (en) * 1938-12-05 1945-09-18 Stewart Warner Corp Electric speedometer
US2385670A (en) * 1944-02-19 1945-09-25 Gen Electric Dynamoelectric machine
US3868564A (en) * 1972-06-08 1975-02-25 Vladimir Semenovich Arutjunian Synchronous electric machine
US4107558A (en) * 1976-04-30 1978-08-15 Spar Aerospace Products Ltd. Linear induction motor assembly
EP0909010A1 (fr) 1997-10-07 1999-04-14 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Machine électrique à commutation de flux, et notamment alternateur de véhicule automobile
US6242834B1 (en) 1997-04-14 2001-06-05 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Brushless polyphase machine, in particular motor vehicle alternator
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US20060220489A1 (en) * 2003-10-08 2006-10-05 Mitsuba Corporation Armature in rotating electric machine and manufacturing method thereof
FR2898439A1 (fr) 2006-03-08 2007-09-14 Centre Nat Rech Scient Machine electrique a commutation de flux et a double excitation
US20080079375A1 (en) * 2006-09-28 2008-04-03 Denso Corporation Rotary electric apparatus having rotor with field winding inducing current therethrough for generating magnetic field
US20080088196A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Kazuhiko Takahashi Electric rotating machine
US20080185933A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Three-phase rotating electrical machine
US20090058213A1 (en) * 2007-08-28 2009-03-05 Asmo Co., Ltd. Armature, dynamo-electric machine and manufacturing method of armature
US20100123426A1 (en) * 2008-11-14 2010-05-20 Denso Corporation Reluctance motor with improved stator structure
CN201536282U (zh) 2009-09-25 2010-07-28 东南大学 一种具有磁场调节能力的磁通反向电机
US20110018381A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2011-01-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Electric motor
US20110193444A1 (en) * 2010-02-08 2011-08-11 Shinano Kenshi Kabushiki Kaisha Electric motor
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US2385101A (en) * 1938-12-05 1945-09-18 Stewart Warner Corp Electric speedometer
US2385670A (en) * 1944-02-19 1945-09-25 Gen Electric Dynamoelectric machine
US3868564A (en) * 1972-06-08 1975-02-25 Vladimir Semenovich Arutjunian Synchronous electric machine
US4107558A (en) * 1976-04-30 1978-08-15 Spar Aerospace Products Ltd. Linear induction motor assembly
US6242834B1 (en) 1997-04-14 2001-06-05 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Brushless polyphase machine, in particular motor vehicle alternator
EP0909010A1 (fr) 1997-10-07 1999-04-14 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Machine électrique à commutation de flux, et notamment alternateur de véhicule automobile
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US20060220489A1 (en) * 2003-10-08 2006-10-05 Mitsuba Corporation Armature in rotating electric machine and manufacturing method thereof
FR2898439A1 (fr) 2006-03-08 2007-09-14 Centre Nat Rech Scient Machine electrique a commutation de flux et a double excitation
US20080079375A1 (en) * 2006-09-28 2008-04-03 Denso Corporation Rotary electric apparatus having rotor with field winding inducing current therethrough for generating magnetic field
US20080088196A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Kazuhiko Takahashi Electric rotating machine
US20080185933A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Three-phase rotating electrical machine
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US20110018381A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2011-01-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Electric motor
US20110148241A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2011-06-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Electric Motor
US20100123426A1 (en) * 2008-11-14 2010-05-20 Denso Corporation Reluctance motor with improved stator structure
CN201536282U (zh) 2009-09-25 2010-07-28 东南大学 一种具有磁场调节能力的磁通反向电机
US20110193444A1 (en) * 2010-02-08 2011-08-11 Shinano Kenshi Kabushiki Kaisha Electric motor
US20110198962A1 (en) * 2010-02-18 2011-08-18 Tesla Motors, Inc. Induction Motor Lamination Design

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11201529B2 (en) * 2016-12-20 2021-12-14 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Rotary electric machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140252905A1 (en) 2014-09-11
WO2013068956A3 (fr) 2013-08-15
WO2013068956A2 (fr) 2013-05-16
FR2982714A1 (fr) 2013-05-17
EP2777137A2 (fr) 2014-09-17
IN2014KN00979A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 2015-10-09
CN103931088A (zh) 2014-07-16
FR2982714B1 (fr) 2013-12-20
CN103931088B (zh) 2017-03-08

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