US965074A - Vapor-burner. - Google Patents

Description

E. M. BYERS.

VAPOR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.19, 1908.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMERY M. BYERS, OF BELVIDERE, ILLINOIS.

VAPOR-BURNER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMERY M. BYERs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Belvidere, in the county of Boone and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in vapor burners, and the primary object of the same is to provide an improved generator and burner of this character for vaporizing and burning hydro-carbon oils, and more particularly kerosene.

A further object is to provide improved means for overcoming or preventing the blowing or fluctuation of the flame normally present when kerosene is used as a vapor generating medium.

A further object is to provide improved means for automatically controlling the supply of vapor to the burner for maintaining a uniform flame.

A further object is to provide an improved burner of this character which will be simple, durable and cheap in construction, eflicient in operation, and readily cleaned.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects, as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating an embodiment of the invention, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an improved burner of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of Fig. 1, showing the lifting bail of the outer shell or jacket folded with respect to the shell. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, and in the present eXempliflcation of the invention, the vapor burner is provided with an annular member 10 forming the base thereof. This member is provided with spaced circumferential flanges 11, 12, which project upwardly therefrom to form an an nular space preferably adapted to receive a wick 13 made of asbestos or other suitable non-combustible material. Said wick projects but a short distance above the upper edges of the flanges 11, 12, and is used in Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 19, 1908.

Patented July 19, 1910. Serial No. 468,273.

the preferred embodiment of this invention merely for starting the action of the generator, becoming extinguished as soon as the pressure of the vapor in the vapor chamber becomes suflicient to cut off the supply of oil to said wick 13.

The annular member 10 is provided with a plurality of spaced arms 14, which latter are cored or hollowed out, as at 15, shown more clearly in Fig. 1 of the drawings to form fluid passages which connect with the space between the flanges 11 and 12. The fluid passages thus formed are so arranged that a portion of the wick 13 will project over the outer ends of the passages. A tubular member 16 depends from and is supported by the arms 14, preferably adjacent the diametric center of the annular member, and this tubular member has communication with the fluid passage 15, and the supply pipe 17 has communication with the tubular member 16, so as to provide means for supplying kerosene from any suitable source of supply to the tubular member 16, and from whence the fluid passes into the fluid passages 15 in the arms 14 and the base of the wick 13.

Supported by the arms 14, preferably above the tubular member 16, and having communication with the fluid passages 15 of the arms, is a tubular projecting portion 18, which is preferably provided with internal screw threads. A vapor chamber 19, preferably of a tubular form is provided with screw threaded connection with the internally threaded projection 18. Said vapor chamber is provided with an open end 20 immediately over the generator 16, in such manner as to place it in communication with the fluid passages 15, and to receive the vapor from the generator 16.

Supported by the vapor chamber 19 is a shell or casing 21 the upper end 22 of which is adjacent the upper end of the vapor chamber, and provided with a plurality of perforations 25 arranged around said vapor chamber. The shell or casing 21 is of a diameter somewhat larger than the diameter of the vapor chamber 19 and slightly less than the diameter of the space within the flange 12 of the annular member 10, so that when the vapor chamber 19 is in position, the open end of the shell or casing 21 will stand within the flange 12 and rest upon. the arms 14. Said shell or casing 21 is provided with a plurality of perforations, either by constructing it of any suitable reticulated material, or by constructing it of metal provided with apertures or openings 23 passing through the wall thereof.

The vapor chamber 19 is provided with apertures or openings 24 which pass through the wall thereof near the upper end and immediately below the perforations 25 in the end 22 of the shell or casing 21. By this means a circle of jets is provided under the inner annular portion of the superheating storage chamber to be presently described. One end 26 of the vapor chamber projects beyond the closed end 22 of the shell or casing 21, which detachably connects with the superheating storage chamber, preferably by screw-threaded connection, said superheating storage chamber being gener ally designated by the reference numeral 27. Said superheating storage chamber comprises an annular chamber 28, preferably of a diameter substantially equal to the shell or casing 21, and a central hub portion embodying a downwardly projecting tubular portion 29 which tubular portion 29 is provided with the above mentioned screwthreaded connection with the extremity 26 of the vapor chamber. The superheating storage chamber 27 will thus be a closed chamber having communication with the vapor chamber 19. Intermediately of the central hub portion and the annular chamber 28 said storage chamber 27 is provided with suitable passages or openings 30 through the top and bottom walls thereof for flame and hot gases, thus providing an increased surface for the superheater.

The vapor chamber 19 including the superheating portion 27 constitutes means for storing any vapor which may be generated in excess of that which can escape through the openings 24. It will be evident that when, as may readily occur, under certain conditions, the vapor is generated faster than it is consumed in the combustion chamber, the pressure in the vapor chamber will rise and drive the fluid back in the generator, thereby lessening the generation of vapor in the well known manner. \Vith this improved construction, however, it will be apparent that by providing a superheating storage chamber 27 which greatly increases the expansion of the vapor, the automatic control caused by the back pressure resulting from the vapor expansion will be greatly enhanced and the control will be much improved over the ordinary burners. At the same time the superheating storage chamber 27, by reason of its large heating surface and by reason of its direct metallic connection with the generator 16, is adapted to maintain the generator 16 in a highly heated condition. It will thus be seen that as soon as a drop in the excess pressure within the vapor chamber occurs, the action of the generator will immediately proceed in a vigorous manner.

The burner may be supported for use in any desired or suitable manner, preferably by means of the annular member 10 resting upon a suitable support 32, and may be held against displacement by any suitable fastening device, such as bolts 33 passing through the annular member and the support.

The outer shell or casing 34L is provided of a diameter somewhat greater than the diameter of the outer flange 11 of the annular member, and is adapted to surround the flange and rest upon the annular member 10. This outer shell or casing 3 1 is Jreferably of a height to terminate substantially flush with the top of the superheater 27, and may be constructed of any desired reticulated material, or of heavy material provided with a plurality of apertures 35. The upper end of the outer shell is open to permit the prod-- nets of combustion to pass therethrough, and this shell or casing is adapted to confine the products of combustion within the same and to permit sufiicient air to pass through the openings to permit a ready combustion of the vapor.

If desired, a suitable bail or handle 36 may be provided pivotally connected to the outer shell or casing to serve as a means for transporting the outer shell. lVhen in use, the bail or handle may be raised to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and when not in use will rest against the outer wall of the outer shell, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2.

With this improved construction, the liquid kerosene will be supplied through the pipe 17, and by way of the passages 15 in the arms let, to the annular chamber between the flanges 11, 12, to be absorbed by the wick 13. The wick 13 is now lighted to heat the generator until the generation of vapor reaches that point at which the rise of oil into the ducts 15 is prevented by the pressure of the vapor in the vapor chamber. From this time on the oil becomes vaporized before it rises above the upper end of the tubular member 16. lVhile the liquid is be ing vaporized from the top of the wick 13, it will pass upwardly between the shells or casings 21, 3t, air being admitted through the openings 23, 35 of said shells or casings 21, 34, thus providing for thorough combustion. The products of combustion will then be directed against the super-heater 27, and will also fill the space between the superheater and the perforated end 22 of the shell or casing 21. A portion of the products of combustion will pass upwardly through the openings 30 and another portion will pass around the periphery of the super-heater.

As soon as the generation of vapor be comes rapid enough, to generate vapor sufiicient to prevent the kerosene rising above the upper end of the generator 16, the wick 18, according to this embodiment, will be come extinguished, after which the greater portion of the vapor consumed will pass through the apertures or openings 24 into the inner shell or casing 21, which, by reason of its lower open end for the free admission of air from the outside, is adapted to perform the functions of a mixing cham ber. By reason of this construction the vapor will be caused to flow through the perforations 24 with considerable velocity, in such manner as to produce a thorough mixture with the air in said air chamber. The mixture thus produced will flow from the apertures 23 in the casing 21 and through the apertures 25 in the top of said casing, the inner ring of vapor through the apertures 25 being for the purpose of raising the temperature of the inner hub portion of the super-heater 27. Any excess of vapor received by the vapor chamber 19 from the generator 16 above that which passes through the perforations 24 will cause a rise in pressure within the vapor chamber 19 and superheater 27, and consequent compression of the gas therein. Said superheater 27 will, therefore, serve the functions of a storage chamher for compressed vapor. When a drop in pressure occurs the compressed vapor in vapor chamber 19 and superheater 27 will expand and be passed through the openings 24 for consumption in the manner already pointed out.

With this improved burner, the oil will be completely vaporized and converted into a fixed vapor, while at the same time obviat ing the odor of the kerosene and the roaring sound usually attending the operation of burners of this character.

What I claim is:

1. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a combustion chamber having communication with the generator, a vapor chamber arranged above the generator, said vapor chamber being provided with a superheating storage portion for excess vapor generated, said super-heating portion adaptmg the vapor chamber to raise the pressure of the stored vapor.

2. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a vapor chamber having com munication with the generator for receiving the vapor therefrom, and a closed superheater arranged above the vapor chamber and opening into said vapor chamber, said super-heater receiving a portion of the vapor generated, a combustion chamber extending around said vapor chamber and superheater, said combustion chamber being in communication with said generator.

3. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator and combustion chamber, a vapor chamber above the generator and within the combustion chamber and having communication with the combustion chamber, and a closed super-heater within the combustion chamber and having communication with the upper end of the vapor chamber, said superheater being adapted to expand the stored vapor to increase the pressure of the vapor in said vapor chamber and super heater.

4. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a combustion chamber having communication with the generator, a vapor chamber above the generator and having communication therewith, a mixing chamber interposed between said vapor and combustion chambers and having communication with each, and means connected with the va por chamber for receiving and storing a portion of the vapor from said vapor chamher.

5. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a combustion chamber, a mixing chamber having communication with the combustion chamber, a vapor chamber within the mixing chamber and having communication therewith, said vapor chamber also having communication with the generator, and means connected wit-h the vapor chamber for receiving and storing a portion of the vapor from the vapor chamber, said storing means being exposed to the heat of the burning vapors in the combustion chamber.

6. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a combustion chamber having communication with the generator, a vapor chamber within the combustion chamber and having communication therewith, and a closed storage chamber having communication with the vapor chamber for receiving and storing a port-ion of the vapor generated.

7 In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a combustion chamber having communication with the generator, a vapor chamber within the combustion chamber and provided with an outlet, and a closed superheating storage chamber communicating with the vapor chamber beyond the outlet of the vapor chamber, said storage chamber being adapted to act as a reservoir for excess vapor generated.

8. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a vapor chamber having communication with the generator, a mixing chamber surrounding and having communication with the vapor chamber, and a combustion chamber surrounding the vapor and mixing chambers and having communication with said generator and mixing chamber.

9. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a vapor chamber having communication therewith, a mixing chamber surrounding the vapor chamber and having communication therewith, said mixing chamber being open to the atmosphere at one end and provided with a reticulated wall, a reticulated shell surrounding and spaced from the wall of said mixing chamber to form therewith a combustion chamber, and means connected with the vapor chamber for collecting and storing a portion of the vapor, said means being mounted Within the com bustion chamber to heat the stored vapor.

10. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a vapor chamber having communication therewith, a mixing chamber surrounding the vapor chamber and having communication therewith, said mixing chamber having communication with the atmos phere at one end and provided with a reticulated wall, a reticulated shell surrounding and spaced from the mixing chamber to form therewith a combustion chamber, a fluid passage from the generator to the combustion chamber, a wick disposed between said shell and the wall of said mixing chamber and adapted to receive fluid from the generator for initially heating the generator, and a closed super-heating storage chamber connected with the vapor chamber for collecting and storing a portion of the vapor, said storage chamber being exposed to the heat from the combustion chamber.

11. In a vapor burner, the combination of a generator, a vapor chamber arranged above and having communication therewith, a mixing chamber surrounding the vapor chamber and having communication with said vapor chamber, said mixing chamber being open at one end and provided with a reticulated wall, a reticulated shell surrounding and spaced from the mixing chamber to form therewith a combustion chamber, a fluid passage between said generator and combustion chamber, and a super-heating chamber having communication with the vapor chamber for receiving and storing a portion of the vapor from the vapor generator, said reservoir being within said shell.

12. In a vapor burner, the combination with a base member comprising a generator and provided with fluid passages extending therefrom, of a vapor chamber opening at its lower end into the generator and projecting upwardly over said generator, a cylindrical perforated wall surrounding said vapor chamber and spaced therefrom to form a mixing chamber opening at its lower end into the atmosphere, and an outer cylindrical wall spaced from the wall of the mixing chamber to provide a combustion chamber, said fluid passages being in communication with the lower end of the combustion chamber.

13. In a vapor burner, the combination with a base member comprising a generator 4 and provided with radial fluid passages extending therefrom, of a vapor chamber opening at its lower end into the generator and projecting upwardly over said generator, a closed super-heating storage chamber above and having open communication with said vapor chamber, a mixing chamber surrounding said vapor chamber and provided with

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