US962223A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

R. E. JBPPERY.

FIREARM.

APYLIUATION FILED APB- 24, 1969. 962,223. Patented June 21, 1910. 2 SHBB-BHEBT 1.

wm Il l l ya Jn? R. E. JBFFERY.

HRBARM.

APPLICATION FILED APRJA, 1909. 962,223 Patented June 21, 1910. u 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2./

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RICHARD E. JEFFERY, 0F PIEDMONT, CALIFORNIA.

'aanname Specicatiou of Letters Patent. i Patented June 21, 1910.

Application led April 24, 1909.` Serial No. 491,897.

- useful Improvements in Firearms, of which section on line X-X, Fig. 1.

-of Fig. 1.

the following is a specification.

' My invention relates to firearms.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts' as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a section of the gun showing the action in closed position. Fig. 2 is a similar View, the action being in tiring position. Fig. 3 shows the action in loading position. Fig. 4 is avertical transverse Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section on the line Y-Y Fig. 6 is a horizontal section, showing the action in plan. Fig. 7 is a detail of the breech closing mechanism. Fig. S is a perspective of the elevator. Fig. 9 1s a cross-section of same. Fig. 10 is a perspec Y tive of the case and breech-block.

A is the stock, and 2 is the receiver to which the stock is removably secured by means oi a lengthwise extending mainspring tube 8 carried by the stock and screwing into the receiver.

et is a shaft extending through the tube and actuated by the mainspring 5 by which the hammer 6 is operated; the spring 5 being fixed at one end to the shaft, as shown at 7,

" and at the other end being lixed to a ratchet tion in one direction by the spring pawls 11.

The spring 5 is coiled around the shaft, and as the latter `has a length substantially equal to the length of the stock, a considerable tension can be placed on the shaft, so as to cause it to act on the hammer to tire a great number of shots, as will be hereinafter more fully described. `Manifestly by employing two sets of springs 5, one inside the othgr, still greater tension can be put on the sha t.

The forward end of the shaft extends into the breech and carries a bevel pinion 12 acting on two op osed bevel gears 13-14; the gear 13 being Xed to the hammer 6, and the gear 14 connectible and disconnectible with the gear 15 by which the breech-block 16 and breech locking brace 17 are operated. The several gears 13-1415 are mounted on the pin-bolt 18; and the pinions 13-14 being always in mesh on opposite sides of pin'on 12, consequently rotate in opposite directions.

The hammer 6 has a radial hammer projection to provide a striking face 6 which is normally engaged by a Sear lug 19 on the trigger Q0, the trigger 20 being held up so that the sear lug 19 is normally in the path of the hammer by suitable means, as the spring 21. The trigger is pivoted at 22, and ordinarily the trigger cannot be pulled when the safety catch .23 is in position be# hind the trigger, as shown in Fig. 1. In order to pull the trigger, the second finger' vis pressed up against lthe exposed end of the safety catch 23 to release the trigger, as shown in Fig. 2. Releasing the trigger from the sear lug, and pulling it, causes the sear lug 19 to release the hammer, and the latter, acting through the gears 13 -12 and under the impulse of the ma-inspring 5, causes the hammer to swing around, and if the breech-blockis in operative position the hammer will strike the firing-pin 24 and discharge the piece, provided the latter is loaded. A certain safety provision is made by which, in case for any reason the sear lug 19 should break on', or the hammer should fly around accidentally, the piece cannot be discharged, and this safety provision is accomplished through the means for vsupporting the breech-block and `connecting it with the trigger; alll as will be shortly described. i l n The breech-block 16 slides back and forth in suitable guides 25 .in t-he breech 2, and has'a rack tooth edgeQG always in engage ment with the gear 15 which is loose on the pivot-pin 18 and is free to turn, and does turn, alternately in opposite directions on the reciprocation of the breech-block. The breech locking brace 17 is pivoted in the front end of the breech block 16, as shown at 27, and the breech block is made hollow on its under side so that the breech locking brace may be moved up into the breech block endof the firing-pin is exposed in a slot 29 in one side of the breech-block and nearl the rear end thereof; and the ring-pin passes lengthwise through the breech locking members and pivot and projects out through a slot 32 at the frontend of the breech-block in position so as to engage the primer of a cartridge, represented at 33,when the trigger is pulled. With the breech-block thrown forward, if thetrigger is pulled the trigger performs the tri le function; lirst, of pulling the rear end o the breech locking brace down by means of the arm 28 soas to position the ring-pinin the path of the hammer; second, of locking the breechblock against recoil, by the solid block 2 ofthe receiver; and third, ulling the trigger releases the hammer om the sear and the hammer flies around and strikes the firingpin, as shown in Fig. 2, and discharges the piece, if the latter is loaded; it being understood that all the time the shaft 4 is under end' fixe tension of the mainspring or springs 5. Releasing the trigger allows the latter, acting under its spring 21, to resume its normal position; and in so doing, the arm 28 raises gear 14, and when disconnected therefrom",

a coiled spring 35 having one end `fixed to a stationary part of the piece, and the other to thegear 15,- wll operate to throw the breech-block and its case forward into closed, ready-to-re position, represented in Figs. 1 and 2. It 1s only When the gears 15 and 14 are locked together, and during a portion of the period of time between the release of the hammer from the rear end of the-breech-block and its return against the sear lug, as shown 1n Fig. 3, that these gears 14-15 turn in unison, and in so doinglretract the breech-block. In

int-c the chamber in the barrel.

order to lock the gears together, the gear 15 6'5 has a spring-pressed pawl 36 which is engag able once each revolution of the pinion 14 with a lug or notch 37 on the 'pinion 14. The pawl 36 is released 'from the notch 37 by havihg its outer end engage a pin 38 projecting from the trigger. The moment the pawl is tripped by the projection 38 the two gears 14-15 are uncoupled, Fig, 7, and a spring 35 acts on the gear 15 and through the medium of the rack teethi26 to throw the breech-block and breech locking brace` forward again in closed or ready-to-fire position. The empty shells are ejected on the retraction of the breech-block by any suitable form of ejecting mechanism 39, and during the time that the breech-block is re# tracted a fresh shell from the magazine 40 is thrown up into the breech in line with the bore by a suitable elevator, represented at 41.' This elevator is pivoted to the pivotpin 18 and extends forward in the breech and is normally depressed against the action of its sprin 42 by he action of the front end of the reech-bock carrier sliding up over the cam edges 43 of the elevator; As here shown, this elevator is of simple construction, and comprises a curved metal carrier bent to form a cradle to receive a cartridge 33 when the elevator is depressed into line with the magazine 40. When a cartridge is in the elevator the primer end of 4the cartridge rests against the rear Wall 44, and is gripped on top by the curved edges 44. As the breech-block is retracted thel spring 42 pushes up the front end of the elevator, so that the bullet end of the cartridge is in line with the bore of the barrel. The rear portion of the cam edges 43 are ciu away so that the rim of the cartridge projects slightly above the elevator, as sligiivn in Fig. 3, so ,that when the breechbloei; case moves forward, it-will, in riding over-the carrier and sliding along the cam edges 43 thereof, catch in behind the rim of the' cartridge and push the latter forward Provision is made so that before the elevator starts to descend, enough of the cartridge will be .-shwed into the chamber so as to aline it and support it, so that in the further continued forward movement of the breech-block the latter will push the cartridgev clear into the y chamber, and at the same time will, in riding up over the elevations 43 of the elevator, depre'ss the latter into line with the magazine, readyto receive a fresh cartridge or the next shot. h

Tn practice, the parts being assembled and the mainspring or springs 5 wound up and laced on suitable tension, and the `magazine 40 filled, the device is ready for use. Assuming that a cartridge is in the firing chamber, in order to discharge the piece the safety l eeaaza catch 23 is pressed upward ingripping'the stock, and tie trigger pulled. In so doing, therear end of the breech locking brace 17 is pulled down by the arm 28 with the trigger to bring the tiring-pin into line with the hammer 6. At the same time, the hammer,

being released from the sear lug 19, flies around and strikes the firing-pin 24 and discharges the piece. In this first movement of the trigger and hammer to discharge the piece, the rack wheel l5 remains idle, but at the moment that the hammer strikes ithe tiring-pin, the pinion 14 which moves opposite the pinion 13 hasA its notch 37 brought opposite to the spring-pressed pawl 36 on the rack pinion l5, so as to lock the two pinions lll- 15 together. Releasing the trigger allows the spring 21 to act to push the breech locking brace back into 'the breechblock `16 and thereby release the hammer which fiies on around for half a revolution until it is interrupted again by thesear lug- 19. For a part of the period of this second movement of the hammer the gears let-15 connects the pawl 36 from the gear 1e and i could fly around and around without danger allows the spring 35 to act by recoil to throw the breech-block and breech locking brace forward and load the piece. Each time the trigger is pulled and then released this operation of firing and reloading is repeated, so long as the mainspring 5 is under suitable tension.

A gun of this Sort is very light, and the stock is strong since the tube 3 and its spring contained mechanism occupy but very little room, while at the same time this tube forms a metal reinforce for the stock.

By using a long coiled spring, like a curtain-rod spring, 1t is possible to get sutlicient tension by which from forty to fifty shots or more may be fired, without rewinding the spring.

Another important feature is in the safety arrangement by which the tiring-pin is normally out of the path of the hammer, so

that iffor any reason the hammer should break off or slip by the sear lug 19, the piece could not be discharged, and the hammer of exploding the piece. Also, the breech locking brace can not be pulled down by the trigger and arm 28 to place the tiring-pin in firing position, except when the breechblock and breech locking brace are clear forward, because otherwise the breech lockingv brace would strike on the top of the rear abutment 2. When the breech locking brace is down and in line `with the rear abutment 2, as shown in Fig. 2, the breech locking brace is securely braced against the recoil of the gun. This is also an lmportant feature.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a gun having a stock, the combination of a rotary hammer, spring mechanism for operating the hammer including a shaft extending lengthwise of the stock, a spiral spring around the shaft and having suitable connections with the hammer to impel the hammer, and means for lcontrolling the movements of the hammer.

2. In a gun, the combination of a springactuated rotary hammer, a trigger, means on the trigger formmg a sear dlsposed in the path of the hammer to limit the move-` brace and the trigger to place the ring-pin in the path of the hammer.

3. ln a gu-n, the combination of a springactuated rotary hammer, a trigger, means on the trigger forming a sear disposed in the path lof the hammer to limit the movement of the latter, a tiring-pin, and mcansoperated. by the trigger for moving the firingpin into and outI of the path of the hammer.

4. In a. gun, the combination of a springactuated rotary hammer, a trigger, means on the trigger forming a sear disposed in the' path of the hammer to limit the movement of lthe latter, a sliding breech locking brace thel breech locking brace, and connections between the free end of the breech locking brace and trigger to position the firing-pin to be struck by the hammer when the latter is released by the trigger.

5. ln a gun, the combination of a hammer, a scar and a trigger, and sprin mechanism for operating the hammer, sai spring mechanism'-including a shaft having gear connections with the hammer, and a coiled spring around the shaft operative to rotate the 'latten 6. ln a gun, the combination ofa hammer, a sear and a trigger, and spring 4mechanism for operating the hammer, said spring mechanism including a shaft having gear conneet-ions withl the hammer, a coiled spring around the shaft operative to rotate the latter, and key-winding mechanism to place 4pivoted at one end, a firing-pin carried by nections with the hammer, a coiled spring around the shaft operative to rotate the latjournale nected with the shaft and wound 'ground the shaft, the opposite end of the spring hav- 'breech of a gun, of a tube extending lengthwlse through the stock, a hammer in the breech, a spiral springr mechanism in the tube and connected with lthe hammer for actuating the latter, and means including a trigger for controlling the movements of the hammer.

9. rIhe combination with the stock and breech of a gun, of a tube extending lengthwise through the stock, a hammer in the breech, a spiral sprin mechanism in the tube and connected with the hammer for lactuating the latter, means including a trigger for controlling the movements of the hammer, and breech-block mechanism operative by said spring mechanism.

10. I-n a gun, t-he combination of a tube extendin lengthwise of the stock, a shaft in` the tube, a mainspring coning eonnectlon with a key-windlng ratchet mechanism, a hammer, gear connections between the hammer and shaft, andxneans includin the trigger for controlling the ac- .tion o the hammer. p v

11. In a gun, the combination of a. tube extendin lengthwise of t-he stock, a shaft journale nected with the shaft and wound around the shaft, the opposite end of the spring having connection with a key-winding ratchet mechanism, a rotary hammer, g'ear connections between the hammer and shaft, and a trigger having means interposable in the path of the hammer to limit the.

movement of the latter.

12. In a gun, the combination of a tube extending lengthwise of the stock, a shaft journaled in the tube, aI mainspring connected with the shaft and wound around the shaft, the opposite end of the spring having conneetlon with a key-winding ratchet mechanism, a. rotary hammer, gear connections between the hammer and shaft, a trigger having means interposable in the path of the hammer to limit the movement ot' the latter, a pivoted .breech locking brace having a firing-pin, and connections between the trigger and breech locking brace t'or placing the firing-pin in and out of tiring position with respect to the hammer.

13. In a gun, the combination of a'tube extending lengthwise of the stock, a shaft `journale l in the tube, :rmainspring connected with the shattand wound around the shaft, the opposite end of the sprlng in the tube, a mainspring conhaving connection with a key-winding ratchet mechanism, a rotary hammer, gear connections between the hammer and shaft,

a trigger having means interposable in the path of the hammer to limit the movement i of the latter, aV pivoted breech locking brace having a firing-pin, connections between the trigger and breech locking brace for placing the firing-pin in and out of tiring position with respect to the hammer, said..- breech locking brace mounted on a sliding. breech block, and connections between the,

shaft and said breech block for reciprocab,

ing the latter.

14. In a gun, the combination of a tube. extendin lengthwise' of the stock, vaV shaft journale in the tube, a mainspring conneeted with the shaft and wound around, I

the shaft, lthe opposite end of the spring having connection with a key-winding i ratchet mechanlsm, a rotary hammer, gear,

connections between the hammer and shaft,

a trigger 'having means -interposable in theA 'path of the hammer to limit the movement` of the latter, a `pivoted breech locking brace having a firing-pin connections between the trigger and breech locking braeebfor ,placing the firing-pin in and out qif ring position with respect to. the hammer, said breechI locking brace mounted on a sliding breech.

block, connections between the' 'haft land said breech block for retractingl he latter, and independent sprin mec anism throwing the breech loc ing brace in the opposite direction.

15.- In a gun, the combination of 'a springactuatedzhammer, a Sear, a triggerfor operating the same, a pivoted breech locking brace having a ring-pin, andA a 4connecfor.4 l

tion between the free end yof the breech locking brace and trigger to place the firing-pinyin and out of ring position. A

16. In a gun, the combination, of a rotary hammer, a pring-actuated trigger, a Sear member ri i an integral with? the trigger interposab e in the path of the hammer,

Los

spring mechanism for operating the ham' mer, a pivoted breech locking brace having a tiring-pin, vand link connections between the breech locking brace and trigger :for placing the tiring-pin in tiring position when the hammer is released fromv the trigger.

17. In a gun, the combination o a rotary hammer, a sprin -actuated trigger, a sear member rigid an integral with the trigger interposable in `the path of the hammer* spring mechanism for olprating the hainmei, a pivoted breech loc ing brace having a firing-pin, link connections between the breech locking brace and trigger for placing the-ring-pin infring position when the hammer is released from the tri gera sliding breech block carrying the reech locking brace, rack and pinion mechanism, connected with the spring mechanism for operating the hammer, for actuating the breech locking brace carrier in one direction, and independent spring mechanism for op erating the breech block in the opposite direction.

18. In a gun, the combination of a rotary hammer and a sliding breech locking brace, a spring-actuated shaft having gear connections with the hammer, severablc connections between the shaft and breech locking brace for operating the latter in one direction, and a trigger, with means to control the movements of the hammer and breech locking brace.

19. In a gun, the combination of a breechblock having a rack member, a gear for operating the rack member, means for throwing the breech block normally in one direction, and mechanism connectible with the gear to operate the breech block in the opposite direction.

20. In a gun, the combination of a breechblock having a rack member, a gear engaged with the rack, a pinion connectible and discoiinectible with said gear, and spring-actuated means for operating said pinion.

:21. In a gun, the combination of a sliding breech-block having a rack portion, a gear engageable with said rack, a rotary hammer, a spring-actuated shaft, and gear connections between the shaft and the hammer and said gear to operate the hammer and said breech block.

22. In a gun, the combination of a sliding breech-block haring a rack portion, a gear engaging with the rack, a loose pinion mounted on the shaft with the gear, a rotary hams incr, a pinion carried by the hammer, a mainspring shaft having a gear engaging said pinions, and trigger mechanism.

23. In a gun, the combination of a sliding breech-block haring a rack portion, a gear engaging with the rack, a loose pinion mounted on the shaft with the gear, a rotary hammer, al pinion carried by the haininer, a mainspring shaft having a gear engaging said pinious, means for connecting and disconnecting said rack gear and its pinion, and trigger mechanism.

24. ln a gun, the combination of a sliding breech-block having a rack portion, a gear engaging with the rack, a loose pinion mounted on the shaft with the gear, a rotary hammer, a pinion carried by the hammer, a inainspring shaft having a gear engaging said pinions, means for connecting and disconnecting said rack gear and its pinion, trigger mechanism, said rack gear operable in one direction when connected with its pinion, and means for operating it in the opposite direction when disconnected therefrom.

25. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a mainspring tube passing through the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft in the tube extending therethrough, a mainspring secured to the shaft, key-winding mechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, a hammer operated by the shaft, and a trigger.

26. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a mainspring tube passing through the stock and screwing into the receivei-a shaft inthe tube extending therethrough, a mainspring secured to the shaft, key-winding mechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, a hammer operated by the shaft, a trigger, and a sliding breech locking brace opeable in one direction through suitable connections with said shaft.

27. A, gun having a stock and a receiver, a niainspriiig tube passing through the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft inthe tube extending therethrough, a iiiainspring secured to the shaft, key-winding mechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, a hammer operated by the shaft, a trigger. and a sliding breech block operable in one direction tlirou h suitable connections witli, said shaft, said breeclrblock having a pivoted breech locking brace connected with the trigger. y

28. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a maiuspring tube passing through the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft iu the tube extending therethrough, a mainspring secured to the shaft, key-winding mechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, a hammer o erg ated by the shaft, a trigger, and a sli ing breech locking brace carrier operable in one direction through suitable connections with said shaft, said carrier having a pivoted breech locking brace connected with kthe trigger, said. last-named connections cornprising a rigid arm on the trigger enga ing a. lengthwise slot in the breech loc ing brace.

2S. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a mainspring tube passing through the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft in the tube extending therethrough, a mainspriiig secured to the shaft, key-winding mechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, a hammer o er'- ated by the shaft, a trigger, and a sli ing breech block operable in one direction through suitable connections withl said shaft, said breech block having a pivot/ed breech locking brace connected with the trigger, said receiver having an abutment for the rear end of the breech locking brace when the latter is pulled down.v

30. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a mainspring tube passing through the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft ing the latter, a trigger, a sear projection on` the trigger engaging the, hammer, and a liring-pin operable by the hammer, and a pivoted breech locking brace mountetl` in a sliding breech block, said breech locking brace earryii'ig said tiring-pin and connections between the trigger and breech locking brace for oscillating the latter upon the operation of the trigger.

In a gun, the combination of a rotary hammer, spring mechanism for operating the latter, a` trigger, a scar projection on the trigger engaging the hammer, a firing-pin operable on by the hammer, and means connected with the trigger for placing the iiring-pin lin and out of operative \\'ithrespect to the hammer.

33. In a gu'n, the combination of a hammer capable ot revolving a plurality ot' times in the same direction, means for causing it to revolve, a, trigger, a` detent on the trigger interposable in the path et the hammer, a tiring-pin, a rockable support for the position.'

firing-pin, and connections between said support and trigger for rocking it on the operation of the trigger.

34. In a gun, the combination of a hammercapable ot' revolving` a pluralityT of times in the same direction, means for causing it to revolve, a trigger, a detent on the trigger interposable in the path of the hammer, a firing-pin, a pivoted breech locking brace carrying the `tiring-pin, and connections between the trigger and breech locking brace for positioning the Iiring-pin in the path of the hammer.

In a gun, the combination of a hammer capable ot' revolving a plurality of times in the same direction, means for causing it to revolve. a trigger. a detent. on the trigger interpostable in the path of the hammer, a tiring-pin, a pivoted breech locking brace carrying the firing-pin, connections between the trigger and breech locking brace for positioning the tiring-pin in the path of the hammer, a sliding breech block, rack and pinion mechanism for voperating the.'

breech block, and means tor operating said rack and pinion cordinately with the action of the hammer.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD E. JEFFERY. lVitnesses CHARLES A. PENFncLD, CHARLES EnnmmN,

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