US959629A - Concrete block and wall construction. - Google Patents

Description

J. J. SLEEPER.

CONCRETE BLOCK AND WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 5, 1908.

Patented May 31, 1910.

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.rosnrna. snnnrna, or MOORE, PENNSYLVANIA.

- CONCRETE BLOCK AND WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Iietters Patent. Patented lilay 31, 1910.

Application" filed November 5, 190a. sen-arm. 461,152.

- I To all whom it may concern} useful Improvements in Concrete Block and Wall Construction,

is a specification.

My present invention-relates to certain new and useful improvements in concrete wall constructions and has for its objects to provide a novel form of facingblock and a novel manner of arranging said blocks in conjunction with a concrete filling whereby to provide a solid or homogeneous wall structure, without the employment of molds such as are now commonly used.

One purpose of the invention is to provide a novel and a simple construction of concrete facing block, suitably reinforced and having a finished outer face, and, what may be termed a rough orunfinished inner face, the construction being such that when the blocks are arranged in parallel tiers with an intermediate filling, a solid or homogeneous wall structure will be formed.

Another purpose of the invention is to form, in a simple and expeditious manner,

. air spaces in the wall structure, adjacent the cording to thepresent invention. Fig. 2 1s a perspective View looking at the inner or unfinished side of one of my improved concrete facing blocks, the corner projections being cut away to show the corner reinforcing means. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of one of my improved blocks having an additional ,or central rib or projection and reinforce. Fig.4 is a transverse sectional view of a concrete girder made from facing blocks constructed according to this invention. F 1g. 5 is a transversesectional view of a facing block made according to my invention and designed for use in building concrete columns.

- I Referring to the drawing, the reference of which the following face 7, of the block may be finished as de sired to represent cut or dressed stone while the inner face 8 is rough or unfinished (irregularly surfaced) in order that a better and stronger union may be had with the concrete filling hereinafter to be described. Each block is provided on its inner face, at the four corners, with corner-projections 9, each of which corner-projections is rough or unfinished as shown and suitably reinforced by means of anglepieces 10, which may or may not be exposed through the ends of the projections, but having, however, their angle faces extending in approximate parallelism with the faces of the corner projections.

Blocks constructed as shown and described and built up in a wall structure, will unite closely and solidly with the concrete filling to form a solid and homogeneous wall.

As will be seen by an inspection of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the block has the general appearance of a block the periphery of which is in the form of a rearwardly extending peripheral flange recessed intermediate the inter-' alinement with the remainder of the inner face of the block,.while the recesses at the ends are not as deep, thus providing that the end walls or flanges form a barrier against a connection of the filling material between adjacent blocks equal in cross sectional area to that between the recessed portions of op posing blocks, the recesses also being irregularly surfaced as indicated. By this construction the blocks may be arranged in superposed rows without placing in a vertical plane of the inner face any overhanging ledges or projecting faces excepting those of the corner pieces and the portions leading from the corner projections to the recessed portions, with the result that the filling material may be placed in position without the requirement of a tamping of the material throughout the length of the block,

throughout as much of the wall as is de-.

by the opposing direction 'in the finished wall.

such tamping being required only at the corner projections, and the recesses providing for an extended space within which to operate during the tamping operation, so that where the thickness of the wall formed blocks and the filling -is such as to provide but little space between the opposite facing blocksv no diiticulty will be had in causing the filling material to, be properly tamped within-the corner projections, the tamping tool being operable in a in approximate parallelism with the face of the block. Furthermore, the irregularly-surfaced end recesses practically form keys against a raising movement of the block when the filling material is in position, joints so that the corner projection is embedded in the filling material in the manner shown in Fig. 1.

In cases where the blocks are of unusual dimensions, I contemplate providing them with a central. transverse projection 12 as shown in Fig. 3, said projection having embedded therein a T-sha'ped reinforce 13, of slashed or other expanded metal. The central projection will be made rough or unfinished on its inner face as is the case with the corner projections.

. If desired each block may have embedded therein one or more channel-irons or pieces 1 1, as shown, in order to provide air-spaces preferably project beyond one edge of the block as at 15, in order that the end of one of such channel pieces may enter the end of a similar piece carried by a superposed block whereby to provide continuous air spaces sired. Or, instead of forming or embedding the channel-pieces 15, directly in the facing blocks, they may be removablyarranged during the construction of the wall and used as molds. It will be obviousthat-the channel'pieces in either instance may be positioned as desired and any number may be used depending upon the air-spaces required.

In building up a wall structure with my improved facing blocks, the latter are first laid in parallel tiers as shown in Fig. 1, and

- if desired they may be connected by crossing or otherwise arranged tie-wires 16, and the concrete filling l7 isthen run or tamped in the space between the two tiers of blocks. Owing to the fact that the inner faces of the blocks are rough or unfinished and by reason .of the reinforced cornerprpjections on the blocks, it will be apparent that the finding its way into all the concrete. filling,

as it does, will form crevices and interstices,

a close unionv with the'facingblocks and a Solid. and homogeneous concrete wall struc- .turev will be provided. By the employment of facing-blocks, which in themselves serve as the confining molds for the concrete fillthe blocks being laid with break The channel pieces a cylindrical column ing,'I am able to dispense with the wooden molds now ordinarily employed in constructand greatly facilitating and expediting this class of work.

As beforestated, the air-spaces may be formed by channel pieces 14, embedded di rectly in the facing-blocks, or these channelmg concrete walls thus reducing the cost pieces may be placed in position during the building of the wall and then withdrawn or as the wall simply drawn up step-by-step progresses and the filling sets sufiiciently to enable this to be done. p

In Fig. 4: of the accompanying drawing, I show a transverse sectional view of a'concrete reinforced girder made according to my invention. The concrete facing blocks 5 are constructed precisely like those employed in building a, wall, the blocks being I arranged end to end in parallel rows as shown and between the two rows of blocks is supported, in any suitable manner, an iron girder or beam 18, preferably, but not necessarily, of I-shape in cross-section. The soft concrete filling 20, is then run or tamped in the spaces between the beam or girder and inner faces of the facing blocks and allowed to set or harden, it being understood that the I -beam is preferably entirely covered with the concrete, not only upon opposite sides but upon the top and; bottom as shown.

During construction the iron girder orbeam 2 may besupported by blocks or otherwise' to bring it. to between the facing blocks 5, and thesaid supporting blocks may afterward be left em-' bedded in the concrete filling or removed and the spaces filled with. concrete. These girders may be conveniently the floor and then hoisted and set in position instead girder isto be placed. p In building columns according to my-invention, the facing blocks aremade semicylindrical in cross-section'asshown at 21,

Fig. 5, each-block being provided with endprojections 2:2,.and one or more [central ribs 23. The. outer face of the block is finished or dressed while the inner face is roughor unfinished, and any suitable reinforcing ma terial is used to strengthen the thin walls of the block as well as the ribs and projections;

constructed on I I of building ascalfold wh-erethe the proper elevated position i- These blocks are arranged. in .pairs to make sired height. If desired, a metal or other reinforcing core'Qi may be set vertically in the column and the space between the blocks filled in with concrete." The core 21' may or may not be used and built up to the dev as desired. In making semi-cylindrical columns, the blocks are set i one upon the other end to end, as in building 1 a cylindrical column. Of course. theouter face of the blocks may be grooved or orna-- mented as desired.

It will be manifest that walls or columns parallel tiers of facing blocks With corner projections, a filling of concrete material between the tiers of blocks in which the corner projections are embedded, and separate channel strips for each, row of blocks of the Wall embedded in the wall to provide air spaces, the strips of one row registering with the strips of the succeeding row. 1 i

9. A facing block for concretewalls, comprising a concrete shell, and achannel iron having longitudinal edges arranged transversely of the block and havlng said edges partially embedded in the inner face thereof.

10. A facing block for concrete walls, comprising a concrete shell, and a channel iron having longitudinal edges arranged transversely of the shell and extending across said shell and having said edges partially embedded in the inner face of the shell, one

end of the channel iron projecting beyond the edge of the shell.

- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH J. SLEEPER.

Witnesses: v v

URSULA G. HclllANUs, HENRY J. \VALTER.

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