US937775A - Tool for lathes, planers, &c. - Google Patents

Description

' W. E. DELANO. TOOL FOR LATHES, PLANERS, 6w. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5, 1905. I

9375775. 7 .Patented 001;. 26, 1909.

WILLIAM DELANQ, F SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

TOOL FOR LATHES, PLANERS, 860.

Specification of Letters latent.

Patented Oct. 26, 1909.

Application filed August 5, 1905. Serial K092725916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. DnLANo,

, a citizen of the'United States, residing at Somervil'le, the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Tools for Lathes, Planers, &c., of which the following v description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like ref-v erence characters on the drawings indicating like parts in the several figures.

. This invention relates to tools having separable holders and tool-points, and is designedparticularlytoprovide a tool consisting of .a holder, adaptable to be secured lathe, planer, shaper, or analogous machine,'a-nd a readily removable tool-point rigidly supported by the holder.

Any lathe or planer tool should properly possess two principalqualifications; to wit, the tool as a whole should have the greatest possible rigidity, and the point of the tool should be of such material as to receive and maintain a sharp and durable cutting edge. An integral tool-point and holder might seem best to'exhibit these qualifications but there are many advantages of economy and utility, well recognized in the art, to be gained from making the holder and toolpoint separate. While it has been known to be desirable to 'makethe toolof separable parts it has been found that by so vdoing either the essential ri idity of the tool has been sacrificed or the 'Xation of one part of the tool on the other has involved such intricate devices, intended to preserve rigidity, as to negative in a great degree many of the advantages of convenience sought to be secured.-

The present ity of the tool and at the same time provides for an association of the holder and toolpoint such that they may be assembled or separated with the greatest facility.

The objects of the invention are best se'- cured by providing a wedge carriedby one of the separable parts to cooperate with wedge-engaging means on the other part, the wedge being so engaged therein that the reactionary impulse of the work, when the tool is in use, tends constantly to force'the wedge more firmly into association with the wedgeengaging means. In this manner the same reactionary impulse which must be resisted by the rigidity of the tool serves to increase invention preserves the rigidsaid rigidity andJnaint-ain it at its maximum.

\ When the parts are first assembled by hand and the toolis first introduced to its work, it is probable that the connection between the parts will not be sufficiently intimate to supply the desired rigidity to the tool, but the immediate tendency of the work is to force the co-acting devices on the re spec'tiveparts into closer engagement, and

as a result, some slight relative movementof the parts may occur in a mannerwhich substantially increases the rigidity of the 2 tool. When, however, the work has forced the parts into their final relative positions, the cooperation of the wedge and wedgeengaging means is highly effective to prevent appreciable relative motion, of the parts 'of the tool, until it is desired to separate them; that is to say, every tendency of the various forces normally acting upon the tool is to prevent relative movement of the parts, except into closer engagement, but when it is desired to separate the parts the operator has only to apply force in a predetermined direction different from that of any usual force, and. the separation is easily affected.

In the drawings, of a preferred form of tool; Fig. 2 is a vertical central section lengthwise of the holder, showing the tool-point about to be engaged therewith; Fig. 3 is a view similar to'Fig. 2, showing a modified form; Fig. 4c is. a per- Figure 1 is a perspective I spective, partially in section, of the modifiof any desire-d form suitable for a tool, and

it is to be understood that the forms shown in the drawings are merely for purposes of illustration.

This invention relates alone to the means whereby the parts of a tool are connected and it is not to be limited in its application to any particular species of tool.

The embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 will be first described, all discussion of possible modifications being postponed tion has been-explained. The holder A, as shown in Figs. 1' and 2, is primarily intended to be applied in the usual manner to a lathe or like machine and accordingly is desired form to suit that purpose. 'd the holder is bifurcated to given the At one e until after this specific construcform two wedges carrying arms C. The wedges carried by these arms are conveniently supplied by forming the end face of each of the wedge-carrying arms C oblique to the vertical to constitute a wedge face D (see Fig. 2), and by recessing the inner face of each wedge-carrying arm C to provide a wedge face E. Asshown in the drawings, the recessed inner faces of the wedge-carrying arms C are conveniently in the form of a cylindrical aperture a, open on one side and extending through the holder from top to bottom. In this manner two pairs of cooperating wedge faces are provided. These pairs of wedge faces, when the tool is asesmbled, are engaged, respectively, by two pairs of cooperating shoulders carried by the tool-point B. These shoulders are conveniently supplied upon a projecting neck F, A face of the tool-point, adjacent to the neck F, constitutes a shoulder G, while an enlargement upon the extremity of the neck provides another shoulder H. As shown in the drawings the shoulder H consists of a portion of the suit-i face of a cylindrical head 6 carried by the neck F. This is a convenient form since.

this cylindrical head may be arranged to fit within the cylindrical aperture ofthe" holder. WVhen it is desired to assemble the parts of thetool they are placed in the relative positions shown in Fig. 2, the tool-point B is moved downwardly toward the holder and the upper extremities of the two wed ge faces D, E are embraced between the ShOlfi- 'ders G and H. Progressing farther the wedges will become firmly seated between the shoulders G and H and when the cutting edge 0 is applied to the work the reactionary impulse thereof will tend constantly to drive the shoulders into still more secure and rigid engagement with the wedge faces. Primarily the wedge faces D are intended to serve only the above-described purposes; but it is also desirable to incline the two faces I) backwardly from the inner walls of the arms 0, and to have the shoulders G carried by the tool-point B correspondingly' inclined. In this manner the shoulders"G straddle or embrace the ends of the arms G and resist any tendency to spread apart which they may haye. In like manner the shoulders G exert apressure, when-the tool" is in use, on the ends of the arms C' and thereby tend to force said arms together and. to prevent them from spreading so as to loosen the association between and tool-point (see Fig. 1).

Asshown in Figs. 1 and 2 the shoulder and the corresponding wedge face E. are

substantially vertical while the shoulder-1.6 and'corresponding. wedge face D are oblique and-disposed across the path by which the reactionary impulse of the work is transmitted through. the tool-point to' the holder.

;.s'cribed, while the other ing shoulders,

faces.

the holder With this arrangement the shoulders are able to support directly upon their surfaces a great part of the reactionary impulse of the work. It is obvious, however, that the face D and shoulder G might be either Vertical or inclined in some other direction from that shown in the drawings, while the face E and ShOHlClGI'iH would occupy correspondingly changed positions. It is con 1 venient to provide a projectingdug on the lower end of the head 6, said lug extending below the lower surfaceof. theholder when the tool is assembled, in order that the coa'cting parts may be separated by striking the lug a sharp blow with a hammer to loosen their engagement, and then merely drawing one part away from the other.

Various modifications of the embodiment of this invention which has just been de scribed could be made without departing from the proper field of this invention. For example, Figs. 3. and t show'a form wherein oneof the separable parts of the tool caringly shaped aperture formed by the re-- cessed inner facesof the wedge-carrying arms C. In addition to the modification above indicated, the tool shown in Figs. 3

and 4t also illustrates the above-suggested changes in the angular .j relations of the wedge-engaging shoulders and the Wedge Thetool-point shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is a different sort from that shownin Figs.

1 and 2 in order to illustrate which is already obvious, that any sort of tool may be used with any sort ofholder in the embodiment of this invention.

It is to be noted that the tool-point, in-. stead of the holder, might be bifurcated to supply-the wedge-carrying arms, and the holder might be provided with a neck to support the wedge-engaging shoulders. If this were done the arrangement as shown in Fig. 1 would preferably be inverted and what a tool-point,- and the tool-point would bew'come a holder.. This is equally true of the .arrangementshown in Figs. 3 and 4:. y

It is evidentfthat one or more wedge facesv V I orcooperating; "wedge engaging shoulders could be omitted without destroying the utility ofthe'other co-acting parts. For Lexample, the'head b at the end ofthe neck could be made semi-cylindrical so as to supply. a shoulder H on one side only of the neck. In this manner only one of the Wedgeswould be effective to perform its inis there shown as the holder would become a tended oflice, but, nevertheless, the tool would be entirely practicable.

The above-suggested modifications are only a few of the obvious changeswhich may be made in the specific construction of a tool which has been shown and described.

It is to be understood that the scope of this invention is not limited to the precise construction shown and the particular moditications suggested by way of exemplific'ation.

Having thus describedmy invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A tool having, in combination, separable part-s; wedge-carrying arms on one of said parts; a pair of cooperating wedge faces on each of said arms; pairs of shoulders on the other part arranged to engage said pairs of wedge faces respectively, two

shoulders of difierent pairs cooperating to, straddle the ends of the wedge-carrying arms.

said wedge.

. one part locking on one part; aneck on ble parts; spaced arms on one part; an extension on the other part'arranged to be received between said spaced arms whereby relative lateral movement of the parts in either direction is prevented; wedge faces on one of said arms; and wedge-engaging means on said extension vto cooperate azvlth 4. A 'tool for lathes, plane'rs, etc., consistingof two detachable parts; a neck on between spaced arms on the other .part; lnwardly inclined faces on the neck carrying part, which embrace correspondingly inclined cooperating. faces on the spaced arms, whereby the action ofthe work tends to force said. arms together.

5. A tool for lathes, planers, etc., consist-j parts shaped to fit toing of two detachable action; spaced arms gether with a ,wedging between said arms; faces on theoutside of the spaced arms; and correspondingly inclined cooperating faces on the neck carrying part; whereby the spreading of said spaced arms is prevented.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM E. DELANO. I

Witnesses: FnEnrnIcK L. EDWARDS, BERNARD BARRows.

the other part fitting backwardly inclined I

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