US920127A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

H. I'. FULLAGAR.

TURBlNE.

APPLIOATION FILED 1320.22

Patented May 4, 1909.

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H. F. FULLAGAR.

TURBINE.

PPLIOATION FILED 1920.22, 19:14.

Patented May 4, 1909.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFETEEo HUGH FRANCIS FULLAGAR, OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO ALLIS-CI-IALMERS COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEIV JERSEY, A CORPORATION or `New JERSEY.

TURB INE To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, HUGH FRANCIS FUL- LAGAR, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Newcastle-upon- Tyne, in the county of Northumberland, England, have invented Improvements in Turbines, of which the following is a specication.

During the running of turbines in which bladed drums of considerable length are rig idly secured to the turbine shafts at intervals of their length by interposed wheels or disks, it is found that differences of expansion in the shafts and the drums set up stresses which, owing to the want of homogeneity in the drums and wheels, produce dis` tortion of the shafts with the result that the blades are frequently damaged.

Now according to this invention, the drum and shaft of a turbine are so connected as to rotate together and that at one part of their length relative endwise movement due to differential eX ansion cannot occur, but that, should there e differential longitudinal eX- pansion, longitudinal movement of the one in relation to the other will be permitted, except at the part where they are rigidly connected. This may be effected in various ways. Thus, the drum may be rigidly secured to the shaft at or near one end, say the high pressure end, the remainder of the shaft being left free to slide lengthwise through one or more wheels or disks that maintain the drum concentric with the shaft aXis and are so arranged that they cannot turn upon the shaft.

The accompanying drawings illustrate this invention, Figure l being a central longitudinal section showing a turbine drinn secured to its shaft and the adjacent portion of the casing being also shown. Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 6 are corresponding views to Fig. l, showing other constructions, and Fig. 4f is a cross section, corresponding to the line A, A of Fig. 3.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. l the shaft a issecured to the drum b at the high pressure end as by shrinking the wheel or disk c -at'that end onto a suitably shaped part of the ,shaft and inserting keys, which as shown may consist of screw keys d, between them; the balance piston f is also situated at that end of the drum l) so that the adjustment of the balance piston f may be regulated by means of the usual thrust bearing e on the shaft a. The other end of the shaft a Patented May 4, 1909.

Serial No. 237,964.

l is allowed te slide through the wheel or disk l g fixed in the low pressure end of the drum b. This wheel or disk g may, as shown, be lined with a brass bush h to prevent the parts rusting fast together, and keys or feathers i may be fitted to enable the wheel g to transmit the torque from the low pressure blade rings of the drum b to the shaft a.

Between the drum b and the shaft a, intermediate wheels or disks may be provided if desired the shaft a may slide through these intermediate wheels or disks and may be reduced in diameter between the several wheels or disks from the outer toward the inner wheels or disks so as to reduce its weight. Fig. 2 shows an arrangement in which one such intermediate wheel is employed, the shaft being reduced in diameter from the wheels c and g toward the intermediate wheel through which it may slide. The position of the rigid connection between the drum l) and shaft a may be at some point intermediate between the ends of the drum for instance the wheel may be fixed to the shaft which then slides through the wheels c and g.

The construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is similar' to that shown in Fig. 2 but the wheel c is made in one with the shaft e and the intermediate wheel is provided with a brass liner lc in like manner to the wheel g. '.he liner l: is made in halves and is held in place by collars Z formed on the shaft a.

The feathers i preferably extend through the brass liners lt into keyways formed in the bosses of the wheels g, the parts of the liners being held in place by shoulders m formed on the shaft e, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

In the case of a drum l) built up of a number of drums or drum portions, there maj-,f be a rigid connection between the drum and shaft at more tl an one place, provision being made for relative endwise movement between the several portions of the drum. Fig. 5 shows a drum built up of three drums or drum portions b1, b2, t3 eaehrigidly connected, as by shrinking and keying, at one of their ends to a suitably shaped part of the shaft a'. The free end of the drum portions t* and b2 slide on the adjacentvbosses of the fastened ends of the drum portions t2, t3 respectively, while the free end of the drum portion t3 conveniently has secured to it a wheel or disk such as g (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) through which the shaft a may slide. Brass vis at Vthe end Yfarthest from the thrust-'bearing will be displaced Vbythe amount of expansion of the shaft only, which being in exhaust steam is always cool, instead of by the expansion of the drums which become -heated by live steam. Fig. 6 shows an arrangement of this kind, ,b being the ahead turbine drum and b* the astern turbine drum. The wheel or disk c at the outer end of each drum is shrunk on the common shaft c and secured by screw keys d; the Wheel or dis-k g at the inner end of each drum is mounted to slide on a brass liner h fixed to the shaft. Feathers or keys i may if desired be vfitted in connection with t-he disks g to enable torque to be transmitted. .f is the :balance piston farthest from the thrust bearing e.

VIn the various views, p indicates the turbine casing, g the steam inlet thereto, and in Fig. 6, r indicates the exhaust outlet.

yWhat I claim ,isz-e 1. In a turbine, a shaft, a turbine drum rigidly connected to said shaft at one en d only, and a balance piston located near that end of said drum, as set forth.

2. In a turbine, a shaft, a turbine drum rigidly secured at one end to said shaft,a wheel at the -other end of said drum and an intermediate wheel, both said wheels being adapted to maintain said drum concentric to said shaft and through both of which said shaft can slide, as set forth.

3. In a turbine, a shaft,'a turbine drum rigidly secured at its high pressure end to said shaft, a balance piston located near to that end of said drum, and means adapted to maintain said drum concentric with said shaft, as set forth.

4. In a turbine, a shaft, a turbine drum rigidly secured thereto at one part of its length only, a wheel mounted to slide on said shaft Within said drum and adapted to keep said drum concentric with said shaft and a liner between said Wheel and said shaft, as set forth.

5. In a turbine, a shaft, a turbine drum rigidly secured thereto at one part of its length only, a wheel mounted to slide on said shaft and fixed to said drum, a liner between said Wheel and said shaft `and means adapted to prevent said wheel turning on said shaft, as set forth. i

6. In a turbine, a shaft, a turbine drum rigidly secured thereto at one of its ends only, a Wheel mounted to slide on said shaft and fixed to the other end of said drum, an

intermediate whe-el fixed within said drum and also mounted to slide .on said shaft and means adapted to prevent the said wheel at the end of said drum from turning on said shaft, as set forth.

7. In a turbine, a shaft, a turbine drum rigidly secured thereto at one of its ends only, awhoel mounted to slide on said shaft and fixed to the other end of said drum, an intermediate wheel fixed wi :in said drum and also mounted to slide on said shaft, liners between said wheels and saidshaft, and means adapted to prevent the said wheel at the end of said drum from turning on said shaft, as set forth.

8. In a turbine, a shaft, a turbine drum rigidly secured thereto at one of its ends only, a wheel mounted to slide on said shaft and fiXed to the other end of said drum, an intermediate wheel fixed within said d um and a-lso mounted to slide on said t, liners between said wheels and said scaft, and feathers that prevent the said Wheel at the end of said drum from turning on said shaft, as set forth.

9. In a turbine, the combination with a shaft of a pair of turbine drums arranged end to end and with their remote ends only secured to the said shaft and the remainder of their lengths free to move longitudinally in relation to the shaft upon differential longitudinal expansion of the shaft and drums, as set forth.

10. In a turbine, the combination with a shaft of a pair of turbine drums arranged end -to Aend and with their remote high pressure ends only secured to the said shaft and the remainder of their lengths free to move longitudinally in relation to the shaft upon differential longitudinal expansion of the shaft and drums, as set forth.

11. In a turbine, the combination of a shaft, an ahead turbine drum and an fasterrf turbine drum arranged end to end and with their remote high pressure ends only secured to the said shaft and the remainder' of their lengths free to move longitudinally in relation to the shaft upon differential longitudinal expansion of the shaft and drums, as set forth.

l2. In a turbine, the combination of a shaft, an ahead7 turbine drum and an astern turbine drum arranged end to end and with their remote high pressure ends only secured tothe said shaft and the remainder of their lengths free to move lon/gi tudinally in relation to the shaft upon differential longitudinal expansion of the shaft and drums, a balance piston located near to the high pressure end of one of said turbine drums, as set forth.

13. I n a turbine, the combination of a shaft, an ahear turbine drum and an astern turbine drum arranged end to end and With their remote high pressure ends only secured to the said shaft and the lremainder of their lengths free to move longitudinally in relation to the shaft upon differentiallongitudinal expansion of the shaft and drums, a balance piston located near to the high pressure end of the astern turbine drum, as set forth.

14. In a turbine, the combination of a shaft, an ahead turbine drum and an astern turbine drum arranged end to end and With their remote high pressure ends only secured to the said shaft and the remainder of their lengths free to move longitudinally in relation to the shaft upon differential longitudinal expansion of the shaft and drums, a balance piston located near to the high pressure end of each of said turbine drums, as set forth.

15. In a turbine, the combination of a shaft, an ahead turbine drum and an astern turbine drum arranged end to end and With their remote high pressure ends only secured to the said shaft and the remainder of their lengths free to move longitudinally in relation to the shaft upon differential longitudinal expansion of the shaft and drums, a thrust bearing for said shaft beyond the high pressure end of the I ahead turbine drum and a balance piston located near to the high pressure end of said astern turbine drum, as set forth.

16. In a turbine, the combination of a shaft, an ahead turbine drum and an "astern turbine drum arranged end to end and with their remote high pressure ends only secured to the said shaft and the remainder of their lengths free to move longitudinally in relation to the shaft upon differential longitudinal expansion of the shaft and drums, a balance piston located near to the high pressure end of the astern turbine drum and means for precluding access of high pressure steam to said shaft, as set forth.

Signed at NeWcastle-upon-Tyne, England, this third day of December 1904,

HUGH FRANCIS FULLAGAR.

fitnesses I-I. NIKON, WV. O'r'roHILLY.

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