US842211A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

K0. 842,211. PATENTED JAN..29, 1907.

OfKOLB.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAE. 2, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 842,211. PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907. O. KOLB.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2, 1904.

4 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

u! ,3 Ey.6

I PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907. o. KOLB.

m. gg2,211.-

4 M mm 2 m TM mm Um P mm u m w LP v No. 842,211. PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

' 0. KOLB.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.2. 1904.

4 SHEET8-SHEBT 4.

UNITE, srnrns ATENT ora ion.

- om ,KOLB, or KARLSRUHE, GERMANY;

= ELASTIC-FLUID TURBBNE;

10 to construct elastic-fluid'turbines of, 'sucha kind that the number of therevolutions is reduced to a minimum byconducting the driving medium, be it steam orgas or air, several times through the turbine-wheel. I Although this principle has-already beenpronounced to be theoreticallycorrectand advantageous,

' yet no useful turbine of this kind has been introduced so far. In my opinion the chief f 1 reasons of the failures of the sundry attempts are the following:

' First. The driving fluid Was distributed in such a manner from the first nozzle to the following nozzl es"( )n both sides'of the turbine-Wheel constructed as a sb-called "re action-wheel that the pressu-re'of the compressed fluid consecutively decreased from the first nozzle downtd that ofthe expanded fiuid in the last; n zgl .-z--This arrangement re hired the tightening betweenthe; rotatory ins-wheel- "andithfefistationary nozzles,

,. also between the" said'parts'"anlithe casing, to

be asperfedtas possible-i" Owing'tothe prin-- ciple ,of -the',',reactionwheel however, it was p,. -impossibleg:to fulfil this condition, since the 5': difi-erenti"pressures in: the" 'various'nozzles' '-pro'd1 11ced-- ;difierences i-n' the temperature of "'the .,tu=rbine-wheel andthe parts surrounding the-same, which in}' turi1 'rproduced unequal expansions of the materials of all 1 the said 0; parts 'so that thew'Iearancesor spaces left etween Ythem-requiredl to jbe excess vely large. These clearances' or" spaces caused- --heavylosses by 'theescapement of the fluid,

' so-that a-reasonable usefu-l effecti-of the tur- 'bine was rerideredTirnpossible; '1, ;Mor eover,

there wereeonsiderableflosses of: heat, iowing' to the factf-thatfatfevery reyolutionithe'tur bine-wheel "was; altelffiately passed throughbycolderand' warnrerjets-offiuid, so that-it 5.0 was impossible to he'at-the'turbine wlieeland the parts surrounding-it uniformly;

Second. The arrangement ofthe nozzles following.fthe -firsti nozzles was Wrong, be-

- causeithe' 'former nozzles were placed in"op'- 55,'positedirections and in opposition totheQdi -rection oftherevolntion.oflthe turbine-wheel",

Specification of Letters Patent. 7 A gncaam filed March 2, 1904. Serial No 196,171.

Batented Janf29, 1907.

which neoessitatedpa larger angle through quired to be turned before reentering theturbine-wheel than if the rfozzles were all dis posed in'the direction of therevolution of the turbine-wheel. friction were produced than would be in the latter case. Besides' thiss'everal partitionj wise would impair the useful effectof the-turbine. w

' Third. It was impossible to so regulate the areas of the nozzles in proportion to the was simply throttled before entering the tur b ne, which for smaller powers considerably reduced the useful-effect.

elasticfiuid turbines of the classdescribed avoided; and the objects of my improve; ment are, first, to so arrange the first nozzle before'it enters the turbine-wheel; second, to

proper so as to vary'its consecutive areas in or automatically; fourth, to rovide means for adjusting the areas of t e first nozzle proper; fifth, to so arran e the following nozalways turn the fluid on the turbine-wheel in of boxes or buckets of sheet metal in each of plurair%tyol detachable scoops or buckets of rlled'or drawn or milled rods or der their manufacture easy and exact, and,

zleof each series. Iattain these objects-by panyin'g drawings,.in W'hich U Walls of most varying thicknesses were neces-- sary n each of the following nozzles to pre vent the formation of whirls, which othera in the one or several series of nozzles that the fluid-on leaving this nozzle is completely ex.- pended and its pressure turned into speed arrange-the inlet and outlet tubes or' 0113117. nel's around the peripheryof the turbinewheel for heating the latter uniformly; third, to specially construct the first nozzle zlesin "either 'serieson t e internal and ex- 1 ternal perlpheries oftne turbine-wheel as to v the constructions illustrated tlle a'c'com i which the fluid leaving the turbine-wheel re- Thereby larger losses due to powerrequired as to obtain a 'reasonablyuseful effect of the turbine. The elastic fluid My invention relates to improvements in whereby the various evils. and defects are proportion and simultaneously either at will the direction of therevolution of the nets, 5 sixth to arrange, if so, preferred, a plurality the following no'zzles either by insertingor ,bycasting; seventh, to provide the turbine-. I 7 wheel .on the one side 'or on both. sides ,with a,

IOIS

cast" pieces and mechanically shaped to ren eighth, to provide a governor .on the turbineshaft and means for controlling the first no z Figure I is a cross-section through the elastic-fluid turbine in'a mode of execution on the line A A in Fig. 2.- Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the sameon the line B B in Fig.1. Fig. 3 is a part of a longitudinal section similar to Fi 2 through, a double turbine. Fig. 4 is an el evationof a turbine similar to that'shown at Figs. 1 and 2 and provldedwith a overnor'tnot shown) and means for controljng the first nozzles of the turbine on the line E E in Fig. 11. Fig. 11 is a. longitudinal sectionthrough the same on the line F F in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a'plan'of view of thsame.

the internal nozzles in Fig. 10, a part of. the casing being shown in section.- (Fig. 13is a view of one of the" partition walls in the smaller nozzle in Fig. -10;-when evolved. Fig.

14 shows, on an enlarged scale,.a part of the turbine wheel in Fig. .2011 its periphery, (the wheel being assumed to beinversed.) Fi

'15 is a similar section through part of a'mod1- fied turbineavheel. Fig. 16shows, on an en-; larged scale, a part of the turbine-wheel'in Fig. 3'. Fig. '17 is a section through the buckets in Fig. 14 .on the line G. Fig.. 18 is asection through the buckets in! Fig: 15 on the line H H. Fig. 19-is a cross-section through a rolled or drawn or milled. metal rod out of which the buckets'can be" made. Fig. 20 is a cross-section through a' similar modified rod. Fig. 21 is an elevation of a scoop or hucket. Fig. 22 is a perspective Flg. 23 is a plan, on an enlargedscale, of thegovernor applied to the 'turbine'shown at Fig. 4, part of t, cover being shown in section. section through the same on the line I I in Fig. 23; and Fig. 25, is an elevation of the same, part of the externalcover being shown in section.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout theseveral v ews.

Thecasing e of the-turbine shown at Flgs.

'1 -and 2 is cast in one piece with the inlet 6,

the annular inlet-channel .a, the annular outlet-channel c, and the outletd. The 'internaljwall of the inlet-channel is provided with two opposed'openings leading to two first nozzles-secured on t eir-internalsides and-constructed about in. the" 'same' manner as the nozzles shown. at Figs. 5 to 9,

The only.

which will. be described later on. I diiference is that the areasof these nozzles are invariable.

Fig. 7- is a plan of.

e external Fig. 24 is a' serve as intermediate nozzles and are covered by plates 11, Fig. 11, of the size of the pieces h h. 1 Onthe internal side of the cover f also a star-like disk h and four pieces 71, are secured and covered by an annular disk i, so that four bent channels 9? are thereby formed. Between the two first nozzles and the two cast pieces h hthere are two spaces and two openings g g for permitting the spent fluid to escape into the outlet-channelc.

The turbine-wheel consists of a disk '30, a plurality of detachable scoops or buckets 31, Fig. 14,and a rim 32. The buckets 31 are pieces cut from rolled or drawn or milled metal'rods of the cross-section according to either Fig. 19 or Fig. 20 and so milled as to form the scoops or buckets 31 proper, which when the buckets are assembled side by side upon the wheelleave closed channels between them, as is'clearly shown at Figs. 17 18, 21, and 22. They are formed into a ring and being secured in this position by any suitable device they are turned and provided with a groove 33, (see Fig. 14,) after which the device is opened to release the finished scoops orbuckets, which are then assembled on the periphery of the disk 30 and fastened thereon bya rim 32, pressed or put over them inthe hot state and secured by screws or otherwise. The rib on-the periphery of the disk 30 prevents the scoops or buckets from getting loose. Where. so preferred, the scoops or buckets 31 may be cast separately and con. veniently milled,-'so as to attain the shape shown at Figs. 17, 21, and 22 or Fig. 18. The essential point is that the manufacture of the scoops or ladies is thereby rendered easy, cheap, and exact, and that, as experiments have proved, the turbinewheelis made strong, durable, and capable of withstanding the cdentrifugal force when running at a high s ee i The turbine-wheel is in a convenient known manner aflixed on its shaft, and the casing e and the cover f are so formed as to leave just suificient space for the turbine-wheel, and more particularly an annular space n for the bucket-crown. The turbine shaft is mounted to turn in suitable bearings secured in two external covers '70 k. Preferablythe casing e -and the internal coverf. are oovered'with two sheet disks Z1, so that theair inclosed in the two'spaces servesas-aninsulating material to protectthe two' bearings from exces sive heat. lvlo're'over,- two or -more openings m m, similar to-thos e' m m in.Fig-.- 4, are pro vided in each e'xternal cover-Ia to permit the air'to freely circulate and to.cool the bearings.

The. two nozzles 1 are so formed that they first converge and-then diver e and in such a manner that the"comp'resse fluid duringits'passage through the nozzles. is comformed with bent channels 9 g. The latter I I lugs-z z are embedded in suitable recesses cut pletely expanded befo reitenters the turbine- -wheel.

The manner in which the turbine is op; erated is obvious. The compressed fluid is conducted from the source through the inlet b to the annular channel a, whence it passes through the two nozzles while being expanded, sothat on entering the scoops of buckets itdrives the wheel by rneans of its live force due to its great speed? On leaving. the scoops or buckets "thefluid enters the.

,channels 9 and is thereby turned on the in- 'ner periphery of the wheel in the direction of' scoops b1 buckets, whereupon it passes through the last nozzle 9 in which it is again turned on the internal periphery of the wheel,

the scoops or buckets and drives the wheel: On leavingithe latter the spent fluid passes through the openings 1 and the annular chan- -nel"c and escapes through the outlet" (i. into; .the atmosphere'or a'condenser, as the case 3. m y- To prevent the formation of whirls in all or so'meof the nozzles g"'g a convenient number'of partitionwans y (see Figs. 10 to1'2) I maybe inserted in the nozzles' These par- 35- tition-walls are according to my invention strips of sheet m'etal cut in the shape shown I at Fig. 13', so as to have four lugs z 2 at the corners. They are suitably bent to leave between them and the. walls of the nozzles channels of about uniform width. Their into the cover f and the disk ito'prevent the partition-walls from shifting. (See Fig. 12.) The/sheet partitionrwalls 3 y may also be see caseof course they are made wider." 1

:Where so preferred, the nozzles g"--g may becast in one piecewith the cover f either as case. v

- 'Ihe turbineevheel maybe proyided "on both sides with a plurality of scoopsor.

buckets, in whichcase the casing and the part accordingly. An example is shown whichfrequires no further "explanationssince the parts'corresponding to those shownzatd Fig. 2 are marked with the same letters of reference. i A I The scoopsor buckets on both-sides of the double turbine-wheel maybe made 'in one piece, 'asisshown iat Figs. 3 and 16, inwhich case the disk is on its periphery provided .6 'with a rib similarto thatin .14 foren-r ,wise; I

The-double wheel may' be so arranged that 7 5 the scoops or buckets on'the one side are ar-' ITlS O that it passes for the fourth time through;

" means of a screw 11/ and made to spring-in either d1rect1on,'1t being made thinner on the;

the annular chamber 'a, provided that it is cured by casting, if so preferred, in whiohopen or closed channels, the plates i'and the v annular disk 16 being retained inithe former scoops or buckets .oflthe wheelata velocityi x ,which' exactly corresponds to the pressure of the fluid'in' the annular channel a. In Fig.6

from longitudinally shifting by :its thicker 'end'i/ engagingin asuitablerecess. For-ea justing the-tongue v ailevera: is preferably af- .fiXej Cl. on a'shaft n", whichlatter-is mounted. to "turn in the casing e-andan external cover is connectedtherewith have tobe modified gaging in the grooves 33 of the scoops or buckets, or the scoops or buckets on jbothg' sides may-C be. made separate in a -,,similar mannerfas" those in Fig. 14, as is clearly shown'at Fig. 15. In this case the disk is on its periphery provided besides the two ribs 34 with a, central rib 35, on which .rim 32 may be fastened by means of screwsor other-i i ranged for the one direction of revolution and those on the other side fortheopposite direction ofrevolution. Then the turbinewheel, and with itthe turbine-shaft, can be made to run in either direction. at will. 4 For varying powers of. the elastic-fluid turbine the first nozzle of each series requires to be adjusted. This can be effected in the followingrnanner: The nozzle proper, 1", Figs. 5 to 9 ,inclusive, is preferably made in the shape of-a slightly-tapering truncated con'e cut ob- .liquely on both end faces'and-provided with an open channel t of rectangular cross-section. This nozzle 1' is fitted tightly. into *a cast block 8 of the shape shown. Its channel t may be closed by a movable tongue '0, which in Figs. '5 and 7 is assumed to be fastened with its external'end on the block 8 by point a. vPreferably it is so. arranged as to normally close the channel i; so that it will 1 only be-opened by the pressure of the fluidin not checked in a manner to be hereinafter described. Then, the adjustment of the tongue will require the less powerr The channel t i (see Fig. 5) is so shaped that from the opening p it first converges for a small part of itshrq length and afterward, diverges toward the scoops or, buckets of the turbine-wheel and" that for any position of the tongue 0 the seve eral areas remain in the same relative proportions. Thereby the result is insured that for 1 any position of the tongue Qki. e., for any .power'of the turbine-the compressed fluid is always fully expanded during its passage through. the channel t before entering the the tongue 0 isassumedto, turn around an edge u 1n the block -s, while.1t 1s prevented and carries a lever A linkjw is inserted between the tongue u'and thelever-m andpre ye'ntedfrom. getting off by 'its sharp ends engaging-in; suitable recesses; In ease. the tur= bmei", pr t two lbpposite,nozzles; the'ltwb aorresponding.levers; m m{, 4, 1 p

are referably Connected by a rod Z and the one lev'er m is formed to a.hand-lever,=(not' shown,) and a suitable known how is secured onthe external cover.. Then the two tongues '0 can be adjusted .by suitably moving the handelever and securing the latter in its pos ition on the bow.

The construction desribed of the first nozzle in *each Series renders any lubricationof the parts -unnecessary,'which i's'of special advantage when employing superheated steam' or gas or-air;

Where it is so preferred, a governor Figs. 23 and 25, of any known and approved construction may be placed on' the turbineshaft a for automatically controllingthe two nozzletongues '0 o in the, following manner;

The sleeve 1) of the governorflC carries a cross-head c, which is, pivotallyfconnected with two levers fe 'e by two rods d d.. In suitable bearings 72- it, Fig. 24; cast'in one piece with the one bearing for the turbineshaft'a', shaftv is mounted to'turn, on the.

- two ends of which "the said'two' levers cl je are with two rollers '11", i on two p fastened, The latter are connected to two helical segments, which are made-t0: work k-"kjsecured on the rod-l. 'Y .(S ee"also'Fig,y4.) .1. i

n will no'wte evident thaton the s eed of the turbine increasing or decreasingt e, gov-' ernor- C in the usual manner shift its sleeve 'b',-i n either direction, so that by the rods "d the twol evers e4 e"w' ill be turned in thecorres onding direction; and-by means of the two-ire l'ers #71 Working withtheir helical segm'e'nts t-he rod 'Z is nioved in; the respective 'jdireotion j ,th'ej two nozzle-tongues seats ithe advantage that onthe whole :pe-

' the exception nozzlesmay-5 riphery oftheturbirie-wheel the pressure and temperature-are othat the expan- 'sion of-theipartsduet lie'leat remains sta-- tionary; and -n packingsiare requiredwith those between the first nozzles and-themIetchanneLor channels. The

losses leakage'sfbetween the scoops or buckets and the casi S duced-t0. afminimum; he',construction of 'the turbine wheel grendersit possible to i replace v its" scoopsiorabuckets should any i of them: get broken orj'defective;

V The constructionslofthe elastic-fluid tur bine descrihed "so far may be varied many respectsiwithout deviating) from the spirit of. my.linventiong'; The num er of the series of increased or. decreased, also the number -oiithe-nozzles in each series.

These nozzlesfnray shifted in their rel-a-- tive positions shown in thedrawings to insure a good Worlq'ng of the turbine. In case more than'two first nozzles areiemployed the" transmission. from the governor to their tongueswillof course require to be suitably n gand cover are re altered, as will be evident to every skilled man versed in the art to which this invention appertains.

What I claim as my invention,- and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an elastic-fluid turbine of the class described the combination with a turbinewheel having acrown of- 'scoopsyofa casing; an

"annular channel insaid casing'in the plane of and concentric with the crown of said turbine- "wheel," an inlet communicating with said annular channel, a primary nozzle communicating with said. annular channel and adapted to fullyexpand the'compressed fluid before dis chargingit to the external eriphery ofthe crown of said turbine-whee a lurality of consecutive secondary nozzles 0 increasing areas arranged 1n said caslng alternatel on the-externa .and'mternal peripheries o the I crown of said turbine-wheel andada'pted to receive and to turn the fluid on the'latter in the direction of therevolution of the-same a space. in said-f casing and adapted to receive e spent fluid from the crown of. said turbinewheel, a second annular channel in said casing near and concentric withsaid annular channel and-communicatingwith said space by'an'o ening, and an outlet communicating with 581d second annular channel. 2. In an elastic-fluid turbine of the class described, the combination with a turbinewheel havin v a crown of scoops, of a casing, an annular c annel 1n said caslng 1n the lane" of andconcentric with the crown of sai turbins-wheel, "an inletv communicating with nozzles-communicating with said annular channel and 'ada 'ted'tofully expand the compressed fluid efore dischargin it to the external periphery of the crown o said-ture bine-wheel, a plurality of series each comprising a lura ity of consecutive-secondary nozzles 0 increasing areas arranged in said' cas1 alternately on theexternal and 1n- 1peripheries of-the crown of sa1d t'ur-.

terna bine-w eel and adapted to receive 81111 110 turn -the fluid on the latter in the direction of the revolution of thesame, a) plurality of spaces in said ca'sing anda'daptedto receivethe spent fluid fromthe crownof said turbinewheel, a second annular channel in said cas-' ing-near' and concentric with said annular channel 'and'communica'tin with said plu rality of spaces by a plura it'y ofj'openings,

and an outlet communicating with said second'annular channel..

3. In an elasticfluid turbine of the class, described, the combination with a turbine -saidannular-channel, a plurality of'primary areas arranged alternately on the two periplheries of either crown of said turbinew eel and adapted to receive and to turn the flu don hel-atter in tlldirection of therevo iuaon of mama.

4. In an elastic-fluid turbine of the class described, the combination with a turbinewheel having crowns of scoops on both sides, of a casing, two annular'channels in said casing in the planesofl and concentric with the. .two crownsof said turbine-wheel, two inlets communicating with said two annular chan- .nels, two primary nozzles communicating with said two annular channels and adapted to fully expand the compressed fluid before discharging it to the external. peripheries of the two crowns .of said turbine wheel, two series each comprisingaplurality of consecut vesecondary nozzles of increasing "areas arranged in said. casing alternately on-the external and internal eripheries of each of the two. crowns: of said turbine-wheel and ada ted to receive and to turn the fluid on I the atter in the direction of the-revolution of the same, two spaces int-said casing and adapted to receive the spent fluid from the two crownsof said turbine-wheel, an annular exhaust-channel in said cas ng between and concentric with said two annular channels two openings, and anoutlet communicatin with said annular exhaust-.channel..

5; In an -elastic-fluid turbine of the class described; the-combination with a turbine. wheel hav1ng-crownsof scoops on both sides,

' of a casing, {two annular channels in'said casing the planesof, and concentric with the two crowns of said turbine-wheel, two inlets communicating with fsaid two annular channels, a plurality of primary'nozzles com' municatlng with said two annular channels and adapted to fully, expand the compressed flu d before discharging itto the external peripheries ;of the two crowns'of said. turbine- 'wheel, a plurality of series each comprising avplurality of consecutive secondary nozzles of increasingareas arranged in said casing alternately on the external and internal peripl1- cries of each of the two crowns of said turbine-wheel and adapted to receive and to turn the fluid on the latter in the direction of 'the revolution of the same, a plurality of spaces in said casing andadapted to receive the spent fluid from the two crowns of said turbine-wheel, an annular exhaust-channel in said casing between and concentric with said two annular channels and communicating with said plurality of spaces by a plu-' rality of openings, and an outlet communieating with said annular exhaust-channel,

6. In an elastic-fluid turbine of the class described, the combination with a primary nozzle adapted to fully expand the compressed fluid before discharging it to the one periphery of the turbine-wheel, I of a P111- and communicating :with said two spaces by.

rality of consecutive secondary nozzles of in creasing areas arranged alternatelyv on the; two peripheries of the] turbii'ie wheel and adaptedto receive and to turn the fluid on the latter in the direction of the revolution of the same, a movable tongue in'said primary nozzle and adapted to simultaneously vary its several areas while retaining their relative pro -ortions, a governor on the turbineshaft an having a moving sleeve, and means for; transmitting the movement from the sleeve of said governor to'said movable tongue.

'7: In an'elastic-fluid turbine of theclass described, the combination with a primary nozzle adapted to fully expand the com pressed fluid before discharging it to the one periphery of the turbine-wheel, ofa plurality of consecutive secondary nozzles of inmounted in the casingtoturn, a lever fastened on said shaft, alink inserted between a said tongue and said leve'r, and a hand-lever fastened'on said shaft without the: casing.

8. In an elastic-fluid turbine of the class described, the combination with a primary nozzle adapted to fully ex and the com' pressedfluid before discharging it to the one periphery of the turbine-wheel, of. a pine" rality of consecutive secondarynozzles of 1D;

creasing areas arranged alternately on the i two peripheries of the turbine-wheel and adapted to receive and to turn the fluid on the latter in the direction of the revolutionof j the same, .a tongue mounted in said primary nozzle to swing around an axis at t heinlet and'adapted to'simultaneously' vary its sev eral areas while retaining their relative pro portions, said tongue being arranged tenor mally close sald primary nozzle, a shaft mounted in the casing to turn, a lever fas tened on said shaft, a link inserted between said tongue and said lever, a second lever fasf tened on said shaft without the casing, a governor. on the turbineshaft and having a moving sleeve, and means for transmittingthe movement from the sleeve of said gov-- ernor to said second lever.

9. In an elastic-flu1d turbine of the class described, the combination with a plurality of primary nozzles adapted to fully expand thecompressed fluid before discharging it-to the peripheries of the turbine-wheel, of a plurality of iJQDgUGSlllOUIlt-d in said plurality of primary nozzles to swing around axes at the inlet and adapted to simultaneously vary theirseveral. areas while retaining their rela:

sis area, a ton the proportions,- a: plurality of shafts mountedm the casing to turn, a plurality-of.

Ilevers fastened on said pluralityof shafts, a plurality of links inserted betweensaid plurality of tongues and said pluralityv of levers, a plurality of external'levers fastened on said plurality of shafts without the casing, a governor on the turbine s h aft and having a moving. sleeve, and means for transmitting the movement from the sleeve of said governor to said plurality of external levers,

101111" a primary nozzleof the class described, the combination with a block adapt edtobe secured on a wall in the turbine-cas-. ing'and having av tapering-hole, of a nozzle propertightly fitted into the taperinghole ofisaidblock and havingan open channel of channel ofsaid nozzle areas and securedwit block at the inlet and arranged to' normally i-iclose said'nozzle propen-a shaft mounted in.

rectangular cross -section and of varying --are a, an elastic tongue fitted into the open lproper for varying its its one end on said 'saidblock to turn, a lever fastened on-said 'sliaft a recess of said block, a linkinserted between said elastic tongue and said lever, and means for turning said shaft from-without;

Ina primary nozzle of the class. degeto be secured on a-wall in the turbine-casscribed, the combination with a block adapt- -mg. andhaving a tapering hole, of a nozzle proper tightly fitted into the tapering hole "'ofsaid-block and having an open channel of rectangular cross sectlon and of varying uefittedinto the open channel of said nozz eproper for varyingits areas and mounted to turn around an edge of said block at the inlet, a shaft mounted insaid {block to turn,,alever fastened on said shaft 'within a recess of said block, a link inserted between said tongue and said lever, and

means for turning'said shaft from without.

1-2. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combinationwith the-primary nozzle, of buckets adapted to receive the fluid therefrom, and

a secondary nozzle adapted to receive the fluidfrom the buckets, the said secondary nozzleconsisting a detachable cast portion having a channel, and a plurality. of

its central partition-walls extending longitudinally of said channel, the said partitions being formed of'sheet metal cast mto the said detach'able portion, whereby. a lurality of channels of nearly uniform widt is formed.

13. In an elastic-fluid turbine ofthe class described, a secondary nozzle comprising a plurality of partitions of sheet metal, each. suitably bent and provided with four lugs on the corners which engage in suitable re-.

cesses' whereby they are secured anda lu-' rality of channels of nearly uniform widt is formed. i 14. In a turbine-wheel of the class described the combination a locking-rib on its periphery, of a plurality of pieces cut from rods of a cross-section of'a general. shape co'rrespondingto the finished piece and so cut out and turned, that their ll parts can be closely assembled. to .a-ring' on t by the 100 closed channels between them are formed,

and a. peripheral ring securing said plurality of pieces on said'disk'.

15. Ina turbine-wheel of the class de-' with a disk having.

e peri hery of said disk and belocke king-rib of the diskengaging in their recesses, and that their projecting parts are partly shapedlas scoops, so that scribed, the combination with. a disk having eriphery, of a plurality.

thattheir-projectrng parts are partly shaped 1 as sco.ops,, so that closed channels between them ar'eformed, and a ring. securing said. plurality of pieces on said disk.

In testimony whereof. I have s gned my name to this specification in' thepre'sence of two subscribing witncssesQ o'r 'ro KOLB. Witnesses:

' D; H. KREBs, C, GUNDEL.

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