US1048012A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

H. B. WALDA.

STEAM TURBINE. 7

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1910.

Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

HENRY B. WALDA, OF FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.

. STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patflted Dec. 24, 1912.

Application filed May 18, 1910. SerialNo. 562,025.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. VVALDA, a

' ,citizenof the United States of America,an d

resident of Fort \Vayne, in the 'countyof 5 Allen and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and usefulv Improvements in Steam-Turbines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to'improvements in steam turbines, andthe object thereof is to provide an engine of its class that is of simple construction; that will utilize the force of steam bypassing it through amultiple series of concentricallyarranged vane openings successively, and [in which the vanes will be shieldedfrom injury'through improper adjustment or careless handling.

The object of this invention is. accomplished by the construction illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1. is a horizontal central section showing the interior of the engine; Fig. 2. is a diagram section through the vanes ofthe innor series and the corresponding nozzle openings; Fig.3. is a similar diagram showing 1 the vanes of the intermediate series and corresponding. nozzle openings; Fig. 1. is also a similardiagram showingthe vanes of the outer series and corresponding nozzle open- 30 ings; and Fig. 5. is a vertical section'of the housing, and showing the interior parts,

some of which are showncut away and in section, the section through the houslng being approximately onthe line XX of Fig. 1.

Similar numerals f of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several I views, and referring now to the same+ 1 is a cylindrical housing, and 2* and 3 are heads which are secured respectively to the opposite ends of the housing and inclos ing the same. Centrally in each head is a I I bearing 4, and the driving shaft 5 extends through thecylinderand "is supported in said bearings. The housing-has at its bottom a discharge opening 6. The turbine consists of a disk 7 mounted in'fixed relation with the shaft 5, and having numerous vane openings 8, 9, andlOarranged respectively in corresponding concentric ser'iesabout the axial center of the'shaft. Thevanes 8, 9, and l0are constituted of those portions of the body of the disk that extend respectively between the corresponding va11e open-- 5 ings 8, 9, and 10, andeach arecurved ln secin the several diagrams. Upon the inner tion in line with their movement as shown face of the head 2'issecured an annular nozzle plate 11 by means of bolts 12, and an annular flange 13 extends from the outer edge of said plate. Inthe plate 11 are made nozzle openings 8, 9", and 10, each arranged in concentric series and oo rresponding with the "respective series of vane openings 8, 9, and 10 in the disk 7. In the inner face of the head 2 are made annular recesses Hand 15 respectively, the former of which registers with the inner series of nozzle openings 8 in the plate 11, and the outer recess 15 registers with both the intermediate series of nozzle openings 9'. and the outer series 10" so as to afford communication for steam from one to the other. A second'nozzle plate 16 fits within the flange 13 of the other plate 11, and the disk 7 extends between. said plates and is incased thereby. The plate has also nozzle openings 8 9 and 10 arranged respectivelyinconcentric series that correspond with the vane openings 8, 9, and 10 in the disk 7 and register therewith. Upon the-side of the plate 16 opposite the disk 7 issecured a cap 17 having an annular recess 18 that registers with both the inner series of nozzle openings 8 and the outerseries9 so as to afiordcommunication for steam from one to the other. i

An adjusting plate 19 is arranged next the inner face oft-he head 3 and is adapted to be adj ustably turned upon the. innerfprojection 21 of the bearing 4, an adjusting screw 22and connection 23 being provided for that purpose. The plate 19'has several wedges 20 arranged upon its inner face, and correspondingoppositely disposed wedges2 1 on the back ofcap 17 rest against thefo-rmer wedges. The rods 25 are fixed in relation with'fthe. cap 17 and extend through the head 3 so as to be secured by corresponding nuts 26. turning by the rods 25, but may be adjust ablymoved toward or from the disk 7 by turning the plate 19 so as to shift the wedges 20 relativeto, the other wedges 24c. Slots 27 extend through the plate 19 and wedges 20 respectively at pointswhere the rods 25 pass, and are togpermit of the turning movement of the adjusting plate. After the desired adjustment has been made, the plate 16 is held'in place by tightening the nuts 26. Feed openings 28 are provided in the head 2 through which steam is introduced into the recess 14, and these are intended for connection with any suitable source of steam under pressure.

A feature of this invention is shown in the diagrams, in which the nozzle openings in the plates 11 and 16 are in each series somewhat more numerous than the v'ane openings of the corresponding series, and are spaced so that while communication is established through one nozzle opening and the adjacent vane opening and opposite nozzle opening, another of the vane openings in the same series will be closed by those portions of the opposite plates that extend between the adjacent nozzle openings, and the vane openings that intervene between those above mentioned will be in a more or less perfect state of alinement with the adjacent nozzle openings of the opposite plates. Thus, there will be a passage of steam through some of the vane openings 01' each series at all times during the operation of the turbine.

In the operation of this invention, steam is nozzle openings 8 into the recess 18 of the cap 17 and with the effect of imparting to the disk a rotary movement in the direction in which the vanes are curved. From the recess 18 the steam passes through the nozzle openings 9*, vane openings 9, and nozzle openings 9 into the recess 15 with similar effect in driving the disk. From the recess 15 the steam passes through the nozzle openings 10, vane openings 10, and nozzle openings 10 and exhausts into the housing from whence it is finally expelled through the discharge opening 6. During the transition of steam through the various series of vane openings the process of expansion takes place and hence a corresponding reduction of pressure of steam as it passes from one series to another. The number of vanes, however, in the intermediate series is greater than those of the inner series, and the vanes of the outer series are more numerous than those of the intermediate series. Consequently, the number of vanes increase successively outward with each series, so that the eflect of the body of steam in driving the disk is maintained more or less perfectly in its several stages of expansion.

I have shown nozzle openings and vanes arranged in three corresponding series as an example of the invention. However, there may be one or more series added, or there may be less than those shown, without departure from the invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a steam turbine, a housing having heads inclosing the same; a shaft extending through the housing; a disk fixed on the shaft within the housing and having numerous vane openings arranged in concentric series; a plate secured to one of said heads and having nozzle openings arranged in concentric series corresponding with the vane openings in said disk, said head having an annular recess corresponding with the innermost series of nozzle openings, and a feed opening through the head leading into said recess, and another annular recess cor responding with the two outermost series of nozzle openings and affording communication for the passage of steam from one to the other; another plate suitably mounted and extending adjacent the disk upon the side thereof opposite to that of the former plate, and having nozzle openings arranged in concentric series corresponding with said vane openings; and a cap secured to the latter plate and having an annular recess corresponding with the two innermost series of nozzle openings and affording communication for the passage of steam from one to the other.

2. In a steam turbine, a housing having leads inclosing the same; a shaft extending through the housing; a disk fixed upon the shaft and having numerous vane openings arranged in concentric series; plates upon either side of the disk, having nozzle openings therein arranged in concentric series correspondingly with the several series of vane openings in the disk, one of said plates having a flange that extends over the outer perimeter of the disk and also of the opposite plate; and means to direct steam through said vane openings and corresponding nozzle openings, successively from one series to the adjacent series.

3. In a steam turbine, a housing; a revoluble disk having vane openings; two plates each having nozzle openings corresponding with the vane openings in the disk, one of said plates being adjustably movable; an adjusting plate with means in connection therewith to adjustably oscillate the same; and two sets of wedges, one set being oppositely disposed to the other, the one set being secured to the adjusting plate and the other having connection with the movable nozzle plate.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY B. WALDA. Witnesses V. M. BURNS, W. G. BURNS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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