US8963635B2 - Apparatus and method for producing signals coded with amplitude shift keying - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for producing signals coded with amplitude shift keying Download PDF

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Publication number
US8963635B2
US8963635B2 US12/451,088 US45108808A US8963635B2 US 8963635 B2 US8963635 B2 US 8963635B2 US 45108808 A US45108808 A US 45108808A US 8963635 B2 US8963635 B2 US 8963635B2
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deviation degree
class
amplifier
frequency
operating frequency
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US20100134199A1 (en
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Sven-Matthias Scheibe
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Endress and Hauser Conducta GmbH and Co KG
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Endress and Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft fuer Mess und Regeltechnik mbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03C—MODULATION
    • H03C1/00—Amplitude modulation
    • H03C1/50—Amplitude modulation by converting angle modulation to amplitude modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03C—MODULATION
    • H03C1/00—Amplitude modulation
    • H03C1/36—Amplitude modulation by means of semiconductor device having at least three electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/217—Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
    • H03F3/2176—Class E amplifiers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing signals coded with amplitude shift keying, as well as to an apparatus for inductive transfer of signals coded with amplitude shift keying using the above apparatus.
  • Apparatuses for amplitude shift keying in the state of the art involve a class E amplifier including a switching transistor, whose gate is operated at an operating frequency, and at least one variable resistor, which is switched as a function of a simulating input signal, in order to effect the amplitude modulation of the output signal of the class E amplifier.
  • Such an apparatus is disclosed, for example, in the published European application EP 1480156A2, wherein, in such case, a voltage having the operating frequency is supplied via a so-called tri state circuit to the gate of the switching transistor.
  • the tri state circuit is a network of variable resistances, which sums as a function of the input signal voltages U1-U4 and supplies to the gate of the switching transistor.
  • the output signal of the class E amplifier has differently large amplitude.
  • the described apparatus is suitable for coding by means of amplitude shifting, wherein the tri state circuit and its operation mean a certain amount of complexity, which should be avoided.
  • the plug head housing forms the secondary side of an inductively coupling, plug connector coupling for transmission of data and energy.
  • the primary side element of the plug connector coupling which is connected via a cable via a measurement transmitter, contains an apparatus of the state of the art, wherein the amplitude shift keying occurs via the at least one variable resistor, which is implemented as a series connected, switchable load in the class E amplifier.
  • the degree of modulation is limited by the load resistance
  • the apparatus for coding a signal by means of amplitude shift keying comprising a class E amplifier including: a switching transistor, to whose gate a voltage is supplied with an operating frequency for operating the class E amplifier; and a circuit for switching the operating frequency of the voltage supplied to said gate of said switching transistor, or the resonance frequency, of said class E amplifier between a first value and a second value, in order to switch a deviation degree between the operating frequency and the resonance frequency between the first value and the second value; and is achieved by the method for coding a signal by amplitude shift keying, comprising steps of: operating the gate of a switching transistor of a class E amplifier having at least one operating frequency FT, wherein the class E amplifier has at least one resonance frequency FR; and switching in the clock rate of a data communication between a first deviation degree and a second deviation degree between the operating frequency FT and the resonance frequency FR, wherein: said switching of the deviation degree can occur by switching between two different operating frequencies, and/or by switching between two different resonance
  • the apparatus of the invention comprises a class E amplifier including a switching transistor, to whose gate a voltage is supplied with an operating frequency for operating the class E amplifier, characterized in that, for achieving an amplitude shift keying in the output signal of the class E amplifier, a circuit is provided for switching the operating frequency of the voltage (FT) supplied to the gate of the switching transistor, or the resonance frequency (FR), of the class E amplifier between a first value and a second value, in order to switch a deviation degree between the operating frequency and the resonance frequency between a first value and a second value.
  • the deviation degree is defined as (FT ⁇ FR)/FR.
  • the switching between the different deviation degrees occurs by switching between two operating frequencies of the class E amplifier, wherein the switching occurs in the clock rate of the data communication.
  • both operating frequencies lie above, or both operating frequencies lie below, the resonance frequency of the class E amplifier. This is advantageous, in order to prevent that in the case of fluctuations of the resonance frequency, the amplitude ratio of the output voltages of the first operating frequency and the second operating frequency might reverse.
  • the gate of the switching transistor is operated with a fixed operating frequency, wherein, for switching the deviation degree, the resonance frequency of the class E amplifier is altered by connecting in, or out, a frequency influencing component.
  • the frequency influencing component can be, for example, a capacitance or an inductance, which is switched especially by means of a switching transistor.
  • the method of the invention for coding a signal by amplitude shift keying comprises the following steps:
  • the switching of the deviation degree can occur by switching between two different operating frequencies, and/or by switching between two different resonance frequencies, of the class E amplifier.
  • the invention comprises a primary side plug connector element of a plug connector coupling having the primary side plug connector element and a secondary side plug connector element, wherein the primary side plug connector element comprises an inductive transformer for transferring data and energy to the secondary side plug connector element, and the energy transmission occurs by means of an AC signal, which is coded for data transmission with amplitude shift keying, wherein, for amplitude shift keying, an apparatus of the invention is provided for producing signals coded with amplitude shift keying.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a modulating apparatus of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of frequency response for the class E amplifier of an apparatus of the invention for illustrating amplitude modulation through variation of the operating frequency FT;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of frequency responses for the class E amplifier of a second example of an embodiment of an apparatus of the invention for illustrating amplitude shift keying by switching the resonance frequency FR;
  • FIG. 4 a is an oscilloscope recording for amplitude shift keying according to the state of the art by connecting in a load into the class E amplifier;
  • FIG. 4 b is an oscilloscope recording for amplitude shift keying of the invention by switching the operating frequency of the class E amplifier.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates in spaced apart relationship, a primary side plug connector and a secondary side plug connector.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 comprises a class E amplifier, which is operated via a switching transistor X 1 , wherein the switching transistor X 1 is especially a field effect transistor.
  • the source connection S of the field effect transistor X 1 lies at ground and is connected via a capacitance C 1 with the drain connection D, wherein the supply voltage V 1 is connected to the drain connection D via an inductor L 2 .
  • the class E amplifier includes, furthermore, an inductor L 1 , which is connected via a capacitance C 2 to the drain connection D of the field effect transistor X 1 , wherein the other inductor L 1 lies at ground.
  • the inductor L 1 serves at the same time as transmitting antenna for out-coupling of the signal modulated with amplitude shift keying.
  • the gate connection G of the field effect transistor X 1 is operated with an operating frequency FT.
  • FIG. 3 shows the principle of the amplitude shift keying by switching the deviation degree via change of the resonance frequency of the class E amplifier.
  • the capacitance C 2 can be switchably embodied, for example, using two parallel connected capacitances, wherein one of the capacitances can be brought in or out via a switching transistor.
  • FIG. 4 a shows the curve of the output voltage UA of a class E amplifier for an amplitude shift keying according to the state of the art, wherein, in such case, a load can be switched in and out of the class E amplifier. Only a degree of modulation of about 10% is reached, and the signal includes overshooting edges, probably due to parasitic capacitances.
  • FIG. 4 b shows, finally, the output signal of an amplitude shift keying of the invention through frequency shifting of the operating frequency of the class E amplifier, wherein a degree of modulation of about 23% is reached.
  • FIG. 5 shows a primary side plug connector P 1 of a plug connector coupling and a secondary side plug connector P 2 , wherein the primary side plug connector P 1 comprises an inductive transformer L for transferring data and energy to the secondary side plug connector P 2 .
  • the energy transmission occurs by means of an AC signal, which coded for data transmission with amplitude shift keying, wherein for amplitude shift keying, an apparatus A of the invention is provided for producing signals coded with amplitude shift keying.
  • the apparatus A comprises the class E amplifier B.

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  • Amplifiers (AREA)
US12/451,088 2007-05-02 2008-04-24 Apparatus and method for producing signals coded with amplitude shift keying Active 2029-03-29 US8963635B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007020823.7 2007-05-02
DE102007020823A DE102007020823A1 (de) 2007-05-02 2007-05-02 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen von mit Amplitudenumtastung codierten Signalen
DE102007020823 2007-05-02
PCT/EP2008/055019 WO2008135402A1 (fr) 2007-05-02 2008-04-24 Dispositif et procédé de production de signaux codés par modulation par déplacement d'amplitude

Publications (2)

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US20100134199A1 US20100134199A1 (en) 2010-06-03
US8963635B2 true US8963635B2 (en) 2015-02-24

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US12/451,088 Active 2029-03-29 US8963635B2 (en) 2007-05-02 2008-04-24 Apparatus and method for producing signals coded with amplitude shift keying

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US (1) US8963635B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2151045A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010534419A (fr)
CN (1) CN101682294B (fr)
DE (1) DE102007020823A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008135402A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008053920A1 (de) 2008-10-30 2010-05-06 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG Verteilermodul bzw. damit gebildetes Messsystem
DE102009020996A1 (de) 2009-05-12 2010-11-18 Aksys Gmbh Luftschall isolierender Materialaufbau
DE102011076135A1 (de) 2011-05-19 2012-11-22 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kommunikation mittels eines Transformators
DE102011079827A1 (de) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kommunikation mittels eines Transformators
DE102013114135A1 (de) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-18 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG Elektronische Schaltung zur Erzeugung eines ASK-Signals und Messsystem
DE102014101502A1 (de) * 2014-02-06 2015-08-06 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG Elektronische Schaltung und Verfahren zum Übertragen eines ASK Signals
DE102016122891A1 (de) * 2016-11-28 2018-05-30 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg Elektronische Schaltung

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5179511A (en) * 1991-10-16 1993-01-12 Illinois Institute Of Technology Self-regulating class E resonant power converter maintaining operation in a minimal loss region
EP1475886A1 (fr) 2003-05-06 2004-11-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Méthode et dispositif avec circuit résonant ajustable pour obtenir la puissance absorbée minimale d'un amplificateur
EP1480156A2 (fr) 2003-05-22 2004-11-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de transmission des signaux HF, notamment dans un système d'identification
EP1580879A2 (fr) 2004-02-25 2005-09-28 The Queen's University of Belfast Amplificateur de puissance de classe E et circuits d'émission associés
US6992543B2 (en) * 2002-11-22 2006-01-31 Raytheon Company Mems-tuned high power, high efficiency, wide bandwidth power amplifier
EP1691481A1 (fr) 2005-02-12 2006-08-16 Hüttinger Elektronik GmbH & Co. KG Modulateur en amplitude
WO2007033972A1 (fr) 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft Für Mess- Und Regeltechnik Mbh+Co. Kg Module enfichable pour detecteur de liquide ou de gaz
US7202734B1 (en) 1999-07-06 2007-04-10 Frederick Herbert Raab Electronically tuned power amplifier

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5179511A (en) * 1991-10-16 1993-01-12 Illinois Institute Of Technology Self-regulating class E resonant power converter maintaining operation in a minimal loss region
US7202734B1 (en) 1999-07-06 2007-04-10 Frederick Herbert Raab Electronically tuned power amplifier
US6992543B2 (en) * 2002-11-22 2006-01-31 Raytheon Company Mems-tuned high power, high efficiency, wide bandwidth power amplifier
EP1475886A1 (fr) 2003-05-06 2004-11-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Méthode et dispositif avec circuit résonant ajustable pour obtenir la puissance absorbée minimale d'un amplificateur
EP1480156A2 (fr) 2003-05-22 2004-11-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de transmission des signaux HF, notamment dans un système d'identification
US20050007237A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2005-01-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for emitting high frequency signals, particularly in an identification system
EP1580879A2 (fr) 2004-02-25 2005-09-28 The Queen's University of Belfast Amplificateur de puissance de classe E et circuits d'émission associés
EP1691481A1 (fr) 2005-02-12 2006-08-16 Hüttinger Elektronik GmbH & Co. KG Modulateur en amplitude
WO2007033972A1 (fr) 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft Für Mess- Und Regeltechnik Mbh+Co. Kg Module enfichable pour detecteur de liquide ou de gaz

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Title
Author: Philip R. Troyk adn Marin A. K. Schwan Title: Closed-Loop Class E Transcutaneous Power and Data Link for MicroImplants Date: Jun. 1992 Publisher: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering vol. 39, No. 6 Pertinent pp. 589-599. *
Raab, F.H., Electronically Tunable Class-E Power Amplifier, 2001 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Phoenix, AZ., pp. 1513-1516.
William H. Cantrell et al., Amplitude Modular Utilizing a High-Q Class-E DC-DC Converter, IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest 2003, Philadelphia, PA., pp. 1721-1724.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007020823A1 (de) 2008-11-06
CN101682294B (zh) 2012-08-08
CN101682294A (zh) 2010-03-24
JP2010534419A (ja) 2010-11-04
EP2151045A1 (fr) 2010-02-10
US20100134199A1 (en) 2010-06-03
WO2008135402A1 (fr) 2008-11-13

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