US891635A - Smoke-preventing furnace. - Google Patents

Description

No. 891,635. PATENT-ED JUNE 2s, '1908,

A. WLPUDDINGTON. SMOKE PRBVENTING PURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18,190.6.

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i l n bmgm* I y i7 557cm W l A #Unze/V5 PATENTED JUNE 23, 1908.

AQW. PUDDINGTON, SMOKE PRBVBNTING FURNAGB.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 18,1906.v

.527755555 Qq/Mc v Jaz/'522251- I@ ffm/@M #w lUNITED sTATEs 'PATENT OFFICE.

AR'IHUR W. PUDDINGTON, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO ROBERT RENNIE, OF

` TORONTO, CANADA.

SMOKE-PREVENTING FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 23, i9os.`

applicati@ mea meis, 1906. snjai No. 322,142.

preventinglsmoke and economizing fuel.

. lIt is we known that all bituminous coals are rich in gases and volatile carbon. Perfect combustion of this kind of fuel in hand fired furnaces requires an air supply, varying tion.

4through the grate.

lservice at this time.

in quantity rat different stages ofthe combusrapid distillationof the volatile matter occurs for a brief period. Thewhole interior ofthe furnace is at the moment filled with gasesand floating carbon requiring instantly a largely increased supply of intensely hot air forced into intimate contact to enable their combustion. Lacking sufficient air at ignition temperature this valuable fuel cannot burn and is'instantly swe t out` of the Afurnace unignited. Just at t e time it is needed, this excess air cannot beA supplied The freshly stoked fuel has partially choked the openings through the fire bed while the burning fixed carbon 'takes up the oxygen as fast as itpasses through the grate bars. If the draft were of sufhcient intensity to supply the quantity rof air required at this stage of the fire, there would be a wasteful excess after the coking "process was completed.

.'Io accomplish the desired result, supple mentary air must be admitted above the fire, during the process of coking. Adinitting air through fire doors, dead plate or openings through front of the furnace will be of no If the required quantity is admitte'd it cannot be reheated su'lliciently t p revent chilling it ie gases below the point at which their complete combustion can take place.

I am aware thatfurnaces and boiler settings have been constructed with long flues through the walls in which air has beenv highly heated, but it has been found gonor- Whenfresh fuel is added to the fire v of thel fire door.

supply a mixing pocket which becomes in-I iinpractical. In the ordinary furnace furnace has the usual side walls 2 Walls it is impossible to make them of sufficient length and size to heat the required' quantity of air without too greatly weakening the walls and injuring the setting.

It is the obj ectof the present invention to provide a furnace with an improved method or supplying automatically at the proper time and for the proper length of time a proper quantity of air at the proper temperature to unite with the gases and floating car- -bon in the lire b ox, thereby attaining substantiallyv perfect combustion, preventing smoke and increasin the efficiency of the furnace. .In accomp `shing this, I provide from the rear a large passageway forq hot air under the furnace, but Without disturbing 'the walls thereof, so arranged that it will ef- Vfectively heat the air and control this passageway by means actuated by the opening At the rear of the fire box I candescent, into and. through which the lgases pass, insuring their thorough mixture.

Underneath this pocket,in heating relationV thereto, is located a large air chamber or reservoir in'to which the air passageway leads from the rear of the combustion chamber and from which it'leads forward under the furnace, communicating with the air chamlcr overthe fire doors. I also supply automatically, when the fire door is opened, iets of combustible gas which act downwardly and rearwardly over the fuel bed. These jets thoroughly interinix the lult air and gases while acting as a torch to compel instant ignition o f the mixture.

The various features of invention are hereinafter more fully describcdand the essential characteristics set out inthe claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a front View thereof. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the air chamber substan. tially on the line AA of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 isa vertical section through the smoke space and the admission openings. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross section en the line B-B of Fig'. l. Fig. G is a horizontal section ibstantially on thix line C-C of Fig. 1. Fig. '7 is a vertical cross scction'on the line D-l) of-Fig. l.

- As shown in the drawings, l represents the boiler which is of the return-tube typo. The

shown.'` ln this front are form and varies I. `from the l boiler shell, leaving a space between its verwall.

l vmore even tempprature un space 24 is y bande wall and beneath the inclined floor o bridge wall-20.

2. 891,635 wall 3. As shown in the drawing, the fur scribed, allows a large'quantityfof hot air to' nace has a cast iron front 4, which provides a assl from eneath he furnace to the air chamber and to discharge downward between the arches, at the same time that combustible gas and air are discharged downward and -rearwardthrough` the openings 41. his discharg air and gas is initiated when the fire door is opened, and is automatically controlled, as hereinafter explained.

suitable point. is a tank 51 -to lthe stack, nt

leading fire doors 6 and smoke space 5 ash doors 7.

8 represents the grate, ,above which is the fire-box 9 and below which is the ash -pit 10. This muchof the construction is of the usual with conditions'. i

of the' grate rests on the At the rear of this wall is an adapted to contain petroleum or other hydroinclined oor 21, from which rise a pair of lcarbon and connected at its. lowerj-portion wing walls 22 extending inwardly diagonally with the steam pipe 52 from the boiler.

side walls of the furnace. A s or pipe 53 leads from the upper portion of this behind the wing walls is the baffle tank to the lower end of a sight feed device extending from the floor up to the 54. From the upperfend of this device, a pipe 55 leads to a pipe 56. p Joining this pipe 56 isau pipe 57 'which leads from ythe steam space into the boiler. Between the sight feed device and the'pipe 53 is a valve 59 connected with a plunger in the cylinder 60. 'This cylinder is connected with the pi e 56. A spring 61 tends to hold the valve c osed, while the pressure pnthe piston from the pipe 56 tends to o en it.

62 represents a rain Extendingft ough the final combustion piple 57, but normally c osed.

a {iue 26 which is shown as cen- I eading from the lower vend of the pipe 56 trally located. and leading from therear end 1S a pipe 63 which iS embeddedin one of t e of the furnace to the' ba'ie lwall 23. This i 2 of the furnace and forms a' retort flue passes diagonally downward through'tlie `elOIlgSlde `Oi the fire box, being coiled back f and forth on itself, as shown at 65. I.Leading The rear end Located at some distance wall 28,

tical edges and mixing plrcket to insure thoroug y mixed when they pass in final combustion space 24 back ofthe baffle Moreover, the baffle wall and wing 'ntained incandescent and act as heat to preserve at all times a der thevboiler.

walls 'are ma a reservoir of and'forward beneath the floor of the hre' box the Wlljaflld by the Mfh 37 'and pOIltipe leading fromthe v the m- 'ng pocket, where theiiue Bares outfrom this coil, a pipe extends crosswise at 6 wardly and passes diagonally upward parwithin the brickwork 40- above the air'chamallel with the inclined floor, as shown at 27. ber, and extending downwardlyy f I'Om this, Thence thek flue passes downward (28) and pipe are a number of branch pipes-67 termidivides into two portions 29, passing diag- Ilitlng 111 the mp les 45 referred to, which onally downward beneath the bridge wall. freely occupy'the discharge openings 41 in adjacent to the side walls of the furnace; fealwel'dendldownward toward thefire box. Near the forward endof the furnace, the fines lhe operation of the system of pi ing just described, when steam is admitted rom the At theiriup er ends, these flues 31 connect 0i' the fluid in ythe pipe 63 acting against the with an air c iamber over the entrance openistonin the'cylin er 60, opens the valve 59,'

ings, which will now be described. admitting/oil to the plipe 56, and oil and ass together t rough steam this pipe and throug the retort 65, where the same are heated suniciently to decompose the'steam, carbon monoxid and hydrogen, which is discharged through the nipples onto the fire. air through openings 41 around the nipples. This keeps the nipples comparatively cool. At the same time, y having the pipe 66 embedded in the brickwork, the gases the pipe are maintained at the 'proper tem erature to prevent their separation. The discharge of combustible gas, as well as the large uantit'y of air through the flues, above descri ed, is caused to take place automatically when the fire door is opened by mechanism .which i@ the subject of my applil lcation No. 298,9() filed Feb. 1st, 19061. VBriefly deserib d, this mechanism is as fol- The entrance openings 35 in the furnacel behind the fire doors are each surmounted by a pair of separated arches 36 and 37 resting on skew-backs in the walls 2 and 'on the internal pier '38. T liese archesl leave between them a long 39, establishingcommunication between the entrance openings and the space above them which constitutes the air chamber. At its front this air chamber is closed by the cast iron front 4, and at the top by a suitable plate and a layer of bricks 40. j Through-the wall of the' air chamber car/-f ried by t e arch 37 are forined openings /41. These openings are'ccupied bynipples 45, which inject hydrocarbon, as hereinafter explainedr-the arch extending forward beneath the nipples to 'protect theiii. The operation of the/"fines and openings, as de- 57 is that the back pressure1 iin force of this discharge draws within senese. a

lows'. l'n the steam pipe 57 is a throttle valve 70 which is shown as connected by achain-71 and a dasjh pot 74.' Leading to the cylinder of this dash pot is a pipe 75 connected with water under pressure, as for example, with the city water main. In the pi e 75 is la valve 76 arranged to be'opened an closed by substantially a half rotation of its stem. Thisstem 77 extends 'upward 'ast-he hingel .10 pintle of the fire door 6, `being journaled/in the stationary earsjof the fire door hinge and rigidly connected with -the ears which are rigid with the 'fire'doon When the 'fire door is closed, this vvalve 7-6'is closed, but when 1'5"th'e -lire door is opjened, ito admi-t fuel, the valveis'thereby automatically o ened. This admits waiter under pressure to At e hydraulic dash pot 74, the piston of which moving 'under the zforce of water, opens the zthrottle 2o' valve 70 in the 'pipe 57, whereupon as stated,

steam and hydrocarbon are -forced through.

the retoit and the `resulting water-gas is discharged onto lthefire.

. '78 represents a dam er at the rear end 'o'f the Cflue 26 hereiribe ore described. This damper is connected by-a-chain 79 with the 'chain'TL 'The -sa'me operation of the dash 4 pot therefore which causes the injection Iof the gas opens 'the-airline so that a sufficiently to large'quantity of heated-airis1dischargedim= 'mediatly onto the fresh fuel. This -air 'is sdflicient 'in uantity lto com'line with the gases :and 'ca r on rising from thefresh fuel and it is het 1enough, 'from the heat lit receivedbeneaththe 'combustionv cl1aniber,'and -m'ixin'gichamben andthe heat added by the burning injected gases, to -causeit Vto unite lwith the 'floating noxid, thereby lnsuring substantially com- 140 plete combustion. The force of the injected gas blows this air and the ascendin carbonl rearward across the bridge wall a'ndA etween the wing walls and against Lthe baille wall, which not only causes a thorough 'mixture t5 but by the highly heated surfaces of the wing l and baffle walls insure complete combustion.

To further insure the heat-of the air supply and the combustion of the floating caron, I may provide in the side walls of the v furnace, nipples 80, which are respectively connected with the retort 65 and with a pi e 81 connecting with ipe 66 conveying t e hydrocarbon gas. T ie'se nipples stand with` in air passageways 82, communicating with the flues 29. Two nipples are sho-wn on each vside occupying a longitudinal Aextension-of the vertical ilues S2. These ni ples pointdiagonally rearward toward the ridge wall. They are of special use in case the fire box is very long, augmenting the'rearwardiforce of the gases'injectedfrom the front. Extending from the dash pot 74 is a drip pipe 85 having a' valve 86. After" the fire door is losed, the action of the injected I Water-gas and air continues until the dash I`Ther carbon and carbon mo-' pot plunger is returned 'to its normal positionf-this returnfbeing accomplished by the gradual escape of the water from the dash pot cylinder through the 'pi e 85. The time of this escape is regulated' y the valve, so 70 that the injection of 'air 'and water-gas may continue, after each tiring, for just the length of time necessary to consume those -Volatile `co'zi's't'tuents of *the hiel which 'ordinarilyca'use smoke.' This eriod z'df time. 75 Will'varyfconsiderablywith d` erernt fue'ls,-a.v usual periodbeing from two "to four inmates. Adjustable collars 87 on. the rod 2 yof the hydraulic dash pot may furnishfconivenent means 'fr flimitng the emou'nt'of `opening of 80 the 'throttle valve and theair damper. The dash pot rod is shownas having an u' ward tendencyb'y a weight 88 onthe chain: hen the rod is in its uppermost position, the' damper is closed, an the t'ln'ottle`,va'lve -is 85 held by itsw'ei ht 'fin `its lower position, whichisitselose position Whenthe dash pot r'odfis forced downwarchthe chain opens the throttle valve andthedamper'.` 'This arrangement vof chains -andjwets 4is sim ly ,90 'illustrative fand will varyk with'v particu ar installations. `Spr` s '-may'be 'substituted for the wei lits, and links -for'tl1e ation offthe *flow o'fhydrocarbon l iscontrd led ITby theback pressurejof the 'steam -aind fthe combustible gases formi "in 'the retort, with th'e'result that just 'the'frxght amoun'tof oil'iscontinually-supplied-to forml such gas. A decrease of steam reduces vthe.

gas pressure and -this operates to allow the 10fo- As ring to v'close the-valve-suiliciently to reucethe oil supply. The suppl -'of oil thereforeregulates itself automatlca'l y'.

It will lie'seen fromthe above description that air of the rivhttemperature and of the 105 proper quantity 1s automatically dischar ed onto the surface of the fresh fuel. This,l ischar e takes place at the =ri ht time 'and forte right length of time.` his-together with the automatically regulated flow and '-110 discharge ofv the combustible' gas causes substantially complete combustion,^-doing air llues do not weaken the lwall of'thcfi'ur.- 125 nacer-'bei located between th'e walls, except at the orward end of the'furnace where there is ample strength'forthe passage of the vertical flues tothe air chamber. My arl :rangement also provides a hot air reservoir 4where a large quantity' of hot air is maintained, which is immediately available when the firedoor is opened.

Having thus described my. invention, 'I claim: i I 1. The combination, with a grate, o'fa mix# in pocket behind the grate-and formed with" a oor, a hot air reservoir beneath such floor,

' a narrow inlet passageway'communicating with such hot airfres'ervoir, a pair of ilues leading from such hot air reservoir alongside n of the two furnace walls, and between them, said fines being adapted to discharge onto' `the upper side'offuel on the grate.

e combination, with a grate and bridge wall, of wing walls behind the .brid e v wall, and a baffle wall behind` th'e wing wal s,

' voir, a fiue leading from such hot air resergrate, of a whereby a pocket is provided behind the bridge wall, a hot airreservoir beneath the floor of'said pocket, 'a passagewayfrom the rear communicating with such hot air reser,

voir, passin` beneath the bridge wall and adapted to ischarge onto the upper side'of fuel on the grate.

. 3. In a furnace, the combination with a and along'si e of the furnace walls and vbeneath the grate, a vertical flue in each wall .ofthe furnace near the forward end communi- .eatin at its lower end with thefiue alongside of suc wall, an air chamber extending across the furnace over the entrance 'opening and adapted to discharge into the furnace,.the ends of such air chambers communicating with such Vertical Aflues, a hot air reservoir beneath the furnace at the rear of the ash pit with which such horizontal ilues commu-v nicate, and an air passage leading from the outer air to said reservoir.

4. The combination .with .a vgrate .and bridge wall, wing walls behind the brid e wall and a baffle wall behind the wing wal s, whereby apocket is provided behind the bridge wall, a hot air reservoir beneath the floor of such pocket, an inlet passageway -communlcatmg with such a1r reservoir, a

pair of fines leading from such hot air reservoir along side of the furnace walls, and between them, a vertical flue i'n each wall of the furnace near the' forward endV communie eating at its lower end with the flue alongside of such wall, an air chamber extending air of horizontalflues between grate, and means initiated by the opening of the fire door for causing the injection of theA tion,with a grate and a mixing .pocket at the f'r'ear of the grate, 'of a hot vair reservoirlbeJfY neath the mixing pocket an inlet flue "for such' reservoir, fines from said hot air reservoir leading to the front of the furnace and adapted to discharge above the grate, means for lnjecting iuid a ove the fuel on the grate, f

and means initiated by .the opening of the fire door for controlling the injection of such fluid and the flow of air through the ilu-e.

7; In a steam boiler furnace, the combination with a` grate, a mixing pocket, a hot air flue-'leading through the s ace behind said pocket, a lateral reservoir eneath the fioor of the .mining pocket with which said iiue communicates, two' flues leading forward fromy the reservoir beneath the bridvewall substantially to the front end'of the urnace and then passing upward, an air chamber over the entrance opening with which such upward passageways communicate, and exits from the' air chamber into the fire-box.

8. In asteam boiler furnace, thecombination of a grate, an entrance opening thereto, a pair of parallel separated arches` over the entrance opening, an air chamber over the arches adapted to discharge into the entrance opening throufrh the space between the arches, hot air fines in the furnace walls eom- Vmunieating with op )osite ends of said air chamber, horizontal i and adiacent to the inner sides .of the furnace walls and communicating with the lower ends of the ilues in the furnace walls, and a reservoir beneaththe floor and behind the bridge wall with which said horizontal fines communicate.

9. The combination with a grate anda bridge wall at the rear thereof, of a mixing" pocket behind the bridge walll and having a oor mchnmg upwardly toward the bridge Wall, there being an inclining space beneath such floor constituting a hot air reservoir, a iiueleading from the rear to such reservoir, and a pair of i'lues leading forward from such reservoir, and an air-chamber over the Aenlucs beneath the grate trance opening to the grate and connnunicating vwith the fire-box, said last mentioned flues eomnmnicating with said air-chamber.

10. The combination with a grate, a bridge wall behind it, a mixing pocket behind the 'bridge wall having a slanting fioor, a reservoir beneath such floor, janarrow inlet flue communicating withsuch reservoir, a pair ol" fines passing from such reservoir beneath the bridge wall and passing forward adjacent to .the furnace walls and turning upwardly, and

.an-air chamber over the entrance opening with which such upwardly extending flues cox'ninunicate, said air chamber having an exit opening communicating with the fire-box.

senese 1 l. The combination with a grate, a bridge wall at the rear thereof, a mixing 'pocket atv the rear of the bridge wall provided with a floor, a hot air reservoir beneath such floor,

an inlet iiue for said reservoir, a pair of discharge flues from the reservoir leading for- Ward on opposite sides of the furnace, a pair of upwardly extending fines leading from such forward iues and discharging into the fire-box from the said walls of the furnace, and nipples located within the exit portion of the last-mentioned flues, and means for conveying-luid to said nipples.

12. In a steam boiler furnace, the combination of a grate, a bridge wall at the rear of the grate, a mixing pocket at the rear of the bridge Wall, said pocket having a nor, a ho*J air reservoir beneath such fioor, an inlet pas- ;sageway leading from the rear to said reservoir, two outlet flues leading from the reservoir forward adjacent to the furnace walls, said fines turning u wardly at their forward ends, an alr cham er located over the entrance opening to the grate and communicatexit openings mentioned, and piping adapted to convey uid to the various nlppdles.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses. ARTHUR W. PUDDINGTON. Witnesses ALBERT BATES, BRENNAN B. WEST.

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