US8823144B2

US8823144B2 - Semiconductor package with interface substrate having interposer

Info

Publication number: US8823144B2
Application number: US14/052,466
Authority: US
Inventors: Rezaur Rahman Khan; Sam Ziqun Zhao
Original assignee: Broadcom Corp
Current assignee: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Ltd
Priority date: 2012-02-21
Filing date: 2013-10-11
Publication date: 2014-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2032-02-21
Also published as: US20130214410A1; US8664772B2; US8558395B2; US20140035162A1; US20140035163A1

Abstract

An interface substrate is disclosed which includes an interposer having through-semiconductor vias. An upper and a lower organic substrate are further built around the interposer. The disclosed interface substrate enables the continued use of low cost and widely deployed organic substrates for semiconductor packages while providing several advantages. The separation of the organic substrate into upper and lower substrates enables the cost effective matching of fabrication equipment. By providing an opening in one of the organic substrates, one or more semiconductor dies may be attached to exposed interconnect pads coupled to through-semiconductor vias of the interposer, enabling the use of flip chips with high-density microbump arrays and the accommodation of dies with varied bump pitches. By providing the opening specifically in the upper organic substrate, a package-on-package structure with optimized height may also be provided.

Description

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 13/401,457 filed Feb. 21, 2012, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

To interface bare semiconductor dies to a support surface such as a printed circuit board, there is a need for an appropriate package substrate or interposer to interface and route the semiconductor dies within a package, such as a hall grid array (BGA) package, chip scale package (CSP), or system-in-package (SiP), to the printed circuit board. Organic substrates such as Bismaleimide-Triazine (BT), Ajinomoto Build-up Film (ABF), FR-4 laminates, E679-FBG, ECL4785GS, and E700 are conventionally used with laminated conductor or build-up layers. With their long use in the industry, organic substrates provide a tow cost and well-understood material for package substrates.

Despite their advantages, organic substrates have particular drawbacks for specific package requirements. The organic substrate must be built using fabrication technology according to stringent design rules, raising the cost of fabrication where multiple contact pad pitches are utilized. The use of organic substrates also impose limitations for the minimum size of interconnect trace line widths, line to line spacing, and contact pad pitch, hindering integration of dies with high density I/O arrays. While non-organic substrates such as low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) substrates can provide high-density wiring, organic substrates still offer substantial cost, availability, thinness, and process advantages.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure is directed to an organic interface substrate having interposer with through-semiconductor vias, substantially as shown in and/or described in connection with at least one of the figures, as set forth more completely in the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary package using a conventional organic interface substrate.

FIG. 2A presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias.

FIG. 2B presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary package using an organic interlace substrate with through-semiconductor vias.

FIG. 2C presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary multi-die package using an organic interlace substrate with through-semiconductor vias.

FIG. 2D presents a cross-sectional view of another exemplary multi-die package using an organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias.

FIG. 3A presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias.

FIG. 3B presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias mounted on a support surface.

FIG. 3C presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary package using an organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias.

FIG. 3D presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary package-on-package using an organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description contains specific information pertaining to implementations in the present disclosure. One skilled in the art will recognize that the present disclosure may be implemented in a manner different from that specifically discussed herein. The drawings in the present application and their accompanying detailed description are directed to merely exemplary implementations. Unless noted otherwise, like or corresponding elements among the figures may be indicated by like or corresponding reference numerals. Moreover, the drawings and illustrations in the present application are generally not to scale, and are not intended to correspond to actual relative dimensions.

FIG. 1 presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary package using a conventional organic interface substrate. FIG. 1 includes package 105 (or “semiconductor package” 105) mounted on printed circuit board 190. Package 105 includes interface substrate 100 and semiconductor device 140. Interface substrate 100 includes a plurality of upper contact pads 112, with an exemplary upper contact pad 112 as shown. Interface substrate 100 also includes a plurality of lower contact pads 114, with an exemplary lower contact pad 114 as shown. The plurality of lower contact pads 114 are coupled to a respective plurality of solder balls 115, with an exemplary solder ball 115 as shown. Semiconductor device 140 includes a plurality of microbumps 145, with an exemplary microbump 145 as shown. The plurality of microbumps 145 are connected to a respective plurality of upper contact pacts 112. Underfill 141 is also placed below semiconductor device 140 to support and protect the plurality of microbumps 145 as well as the semiconductor device 140.

Interface substrate

100 may be a conventional multi-layer organic substrate, functioning as an interconnection chip carrier for I/O pads on semiconductor device 140 to be routed to printed circuit board 190 or another support surface. As discussed in the background, organic substrates present particular drawbacks for specific package requirements. Interconnect trace line widths and line-to-line spacing within interface substrate 100 are limited by the chemical etching or plating process to, for example, a minimum of 15 microns, in high volume manufacturing, preventing high density routing and high density interconnect contact pads. The minimum pitch of contact pads such as the plurality of upper contact pads 112 is also limited to, for example, around 150 microns in high volume manufacturing. Accordingly, high-density bump arrays cannot be utilized for the plurality of microbumps 145 on semiconductor device 140.

Moreover, since stringent design rules dictate the fabrication equipment required to create all the layers of interface substrate 100, costly high-density fabrication equipment is required even for low-density layers. For example, since the plurality of solder balls 115 are to be mated to an external support surface such as printed circuit board 190, the pitch between the plurality of lower contact pads 114 is permitted to be relatively large, for example 300 to 500 microns. However, to accommodate the pitch of the plurality of microbumps 145 on semiconductor device 140, the plurality of upper contact pads 112 may require a relatively denser pitch, for example 130 to 200 microns. Accordingly, the entire interface substrate 100 must be fabricated with equipment supporting contact pads with a pitch of, for example, 130 microns, increasing manufacturing costs.

Turning to FIG. 2A, FIG. 2A presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias. FIG. 2A includes interface substrate 200 mounted on printed circuit board 290. Interface substrate 200 includes upper organic substrate 210 a, an interposer 230, and lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c. Upper organic substrate 210 a includes a plurality of upper contact pads 212 and a plurality of upper interconnect pads 238. Interposer 230 includes a plurality of through-semiconductor vias (TSVs) 235, with an exemplary TSV 235 as shown. Lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c both include a plurality of lower interconnect pacts 234 and a plurality of lower contact pads 214. The plurality of lower contact pads 214 are coupled to a respective plurality of solder balls 215, with an exemplary solder hall 215 as shown.

Upper organic substrate 210 a and lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c may each utilize organic materials such as Bismaleimide-Triazinc (BT), Ajinomoto Build-up Film (AFB), FR-4 laminates, E679-FBG, ECL4785GS, and E700. Upper organic substrate 210 a may utilize the same materials as lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c. Upper organic substrate 210 a and lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c may each include multiple conductive laminate or build-up layers for wiring, as known in the art.

A first plurality of the lower interconnect pads 234 within lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c may be electrically connected to a respective first plurality of the upper interconnect pads 238 using a first plurality of the TSVs 235 to route the pads in any desired manner. An opening 201 divides the cross-section of the lower organic substrate into lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c, and also exposes a second plurality of the lower interconnect pads 234, which may then be utilized as lower contact pads, for example to receive a lower semiconductor die. The second plurality of the lower interconnect pads 234 are also capable of electrical connection to a respective second plurality of the upper interconnect pads 238 using a second plurality of the TSVs 235.

Upper organic substrate 210 a may include a plurality of upper contact pads 212 as shown, which are capable of electrical connection to the aforementioned first and second plurality of upper interconnect pads 238, for example through conductive wiring layers within upper organic substrate 210 a, which are not specifically shown in FIG. 2A. The upper contact pacts 212 may also receive an upper semiconductor die, as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 2B below.

Interposer

230 may be a semiconductor material such as silicon. Thus, the plurality of TSVs 235 may be through-silicon vias. Since high density through-silicon vias may be utilized, interposer 230 may provide a much denser pad pitch for the plurality of upper interconnect pacts 238 and the plurality of lower interconnect pads 234. Thus, for example, the exposed second plurality of the lower interconnect pads 234 may have a pitch of, for example, 50 microns or less, such as, for example, 20 to 40 microns, allowing a lower semiconductor die with high density microbumps to be attached, as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 2C below. Accordingly, upper and lower semiconductor dies with different bump pitches and a lower semiconductor die with a high-density bump pitch less than, for example, 130 microns may be readily supported, in contrast to the conventional interface substrate 100 of FIG. 1.

Since upper organic substrate 210 a and lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c may be formed separately onto interposer 230, fabrication equipment may be matched to the requirements of each individual substrate. For example, the fabrication of upper organic substrate 210 a may require equipment supporting a pact pitch of, for example, at least 130 microns for the plurality of upper contact pads 212, whereas the fabrication of lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 b may only require equipment supporting a pad pitch of for example, at least 300 microns for the plurality of lower contact pads 214. Accordingly, fabrication costs may be minimized compared to a conventional organic substrate, such as interface substrate 100 of FIG. 1, where stringent design rules dictate the required fabrication equipment for all layers of interface substrate 100.

Next, FIG. 2B presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary package using an organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias. Package 205 (or “semiconductor package” 205) of FIG. 2B includes interface substrate 200 and upper semiconductor device 270, and is mounted on printed circuit board 290. Upper semiconductor device 270 includes a plurality of microbumps 275, with an exemplary microbump 275 as shown. Underfill 271 is also placed below upper semiconductor device 270 to support and insulate the plurality of microbumps 275. With respect to FIG. 2B, interface substrate 200 may correspond to interface substrate 200 from FIG. 2A, as described above.

The upper organic substrate of interface substrate 200 in FIG. 2B includes a plurality of upper contact pads for receiving upper semiconductor device 270, which may be a flip-chip as shown. However, upper semiconductor device 270 may also include a wire-bonded die as well, in which case corresponding top contact pads or fingers for the wire bonds may be provided on the upper organic substrate of interface substrate 200. Furthermore, while only a single upper semiconductor device 270 is shown, alternative implementations may mount multiple semiconductor devices onto the top surface of interface substrate 200. Thus, package 205 may be a hybrid package including both flip-chip and wire-bonded dies. Heat sinks and/or mold compound may also be applied to package 205, which are not shown in FIG. 2B. Accordingly, package 205 may flexibly include one or more semiconductor dies for connecting to printed circuit board 290 through interface substrate 200.

Continuing, FIG. 2C presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary multi-die package using an organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias. Package 206 of FIG. 2C may correspond to package 205 of FIG. 2B with an addition of a lower semiconductor device 250. Lower semiconductor device 250 includes a plurality of microbumps 255, with an exemplary microbump 255 as shown. Underfill 251 is also placed below, or above after flipping, lower semiconductor device 250 to support and protect the plurality of microbumps 255. Additionally, the plurality of solder balls for connection to printed circuit board 290 may be extended to include additional solder balls, with an exemplary solder ball 215 as shown, connected to respective die contact pacts 252 of lower semiconductor device 250. While soldier balls 215 are all shown with uniform size in FIG. 2C, solder balls 215 connected to die contact pacts 252 and solder balls 215 connected to lower contact pads 214 may be different sizes. For example, lower semiconductor device 250 may extend beyond lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c, thereby necessitating smaller solder balls 215 for die contact pads 252. Additionally, in some implementations, land grid arrays (LGAs) may be utilized instead of ball grid arrays (BGAs) as shown in FIG. 2C.

In some implementations, die contact pads 252 may be electrically inactive and provided for thermal dissipation only. Multiple semiconductor device dies may also be mounted onto the exposed bottom contact pads of interface substrate 200, rather than only a single lower semiconductor device 250 as shown in FIG. 2C. Heat sink/heat spreader and/or mold compound may also be integrated to package 206, which are not shown in FIG. 2C. As previously discussed, since the plurality of through-semiconductor vias in interface substrate 200 enable high-density contact pads having a pitch of for example, 20 to 40 microns, upper and lower semiconductor dies with different contact pad densities may be readily supported. Accordingly, package 206 may support multiple dies of different pitches, including high-density pitches, for connecting to printed circuit board 290 through interface substrate 200. For example, upper semiconductor device 270 may have a microbump pitch of for example, 130 to 300 microns, whereas lower semiconductor device 250 may have a microbump pitch of, for example, 20 to 40 microns. Moreover, package 206 may be constructed in a cost effective manner using well-known organic substrate fabrication techniques and fabrication equipment tailored individually to the pitch requirements of the separate upper and lower layers.

FIG. 2D presents a cross-sectional view of another exemplary multi-die package using an organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias. With respect to FIG. 2D the difference from FIG. 2C is the decoupling of lower semiconductor device 250 from printed circuit board 290. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2D, the lower semiconductor device 250 may not necessarily connect to printed circuit board 290. Moreover, as previously discussed, lower semiconductor device 250 may extend beyond lower

organic substrate

210 b and 210 c, as shown in FIG. 2D.

Turning to FIG. 3A, FIG. 3A presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias. Interface substrate 300 of FIG. 3A may correspond to interface substrate 200 of FIG. 2A, with the exception that the opening 201 is moved from the lower organic substrate to the upper organic substrate, resulting in an opening 301. Upper

organic substrate

310 a and 310 b and lower organic substrate 310 c are thereby provided, with an interposer 330 in-between.

As with interface substrate 200 in FIG. 2A, TSVs are provided within interposer 330 for routing between the various interconnect pads of interface substrate 300 in FIG. 3A. Thus, similar to interface substrate 200, a first plurality of lower interconnect pads within lower organic substrate 310 c may be electrically connected to a respective first plurality of upper interconnect pads within upper

organic substrate

310 a and 310 b using a first plurality of the TSVs 335 to route the pads in any desired manner. The opening 301 divides the cross-section of the upper organic substrate into upper

organic substrate

310 a and 310 b, and also exposes a second plurality of the upper interconnect pads 338, as shown, which may then be utilized as upper contact pads, for example to receive an upper semiconductor die as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 3C below. A second plurality of lower interconnect pads in lower organic substrate 310 c are also capable of electrical connection to a respective second plurality of the upper interconnect pads 338 using a second plurality of the TSVs 335.

Upper

Organic substrate

310 a and 310 b may include a plurality of upper contact pads 312 as shown, which are capable of electrical connection to the aforementioned first and second plurality of upper interconnect pads 338, for example through conductive wiring layers within upper

organic substrate

310 a and 310 b and lower organic substrate 310 c, which are not specifically shown in FIG. 3A, and through TSVs 335. The upper contact pads 312 may also receive an upper package, as discussed in conjunction with FIG. 3D below.

FIG. 3B presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias mounted on a support surface. Thus, FIG. 3B corresponds to interface substrate 300 of FIG. 3A being mounted onto a printed circuit board 390 by solder balls 315.

FIG. 3C presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary package using an organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias. Package 305 (or “semiconductor package” 305) of FIG. 3C includes interface substrate 300 and upper semiconductor device 370, and is mounted on printed circuit board 390. Upper semiconductor device 370 includes a plurality of microbumps 375, with an exemplary microbump 375 as shown. Underfill 371 is also placed below upper semiconductor device 370 to support and insulate the plurality of microbumps 375. With respect to FIG. 3C, interface substrate 300 may correspond to interface substrate 300 from FIG. 3B, as described above.

As previously discussed, the opening 301 may expose upper interconnect pads 338, which may also function as top contact pads for receiving upper semiconductor device 370, shown as a flip-chip in FIG. 3C. Similar to interface substrate 200, upper semiconductor device 370 may also include a wire-bonded die and/or multiple dies.

Next, FIG. 3D presents a cross-sectional view of an exemplary package-on-package using an organic interface substrate with through-semiconductor vias. Package 306 (or “semiconductor package” 306) of FIG. 3D may correspond to package 305 of FIG. 3C with an addition of an upper package 380. Upper package 380 includes a plurality of solder balls 385, with an exemplary solder ball 385 as shown. Thus, a package-on-package solution may be provided, with package 305 as the lower package and upper package 380 as the upper package. Upper package 380 may be any type of package, including a multi-die package.

Advantageously, since the solder balls 385 may rest on an elevated surface provided by interface substrate 300, the size of solder balls 385 may be reduced while giving enough vertical clearance for package 380, enabling the use of smaller solder balls 385 for a reduced pitch size. Thus, the overall height of the package-on-package structure may be reduced. As with the previous package examples, package 306 may optionally include a heat-sink and mold compound, which is omitted from FIG. 3D.

Thus, as demonstrated by the above examples, the use of an interposer with through-semiconductor vias between an upper and lower organic substrate enables the continued use of low cost and widely deployed organic substrates while addressing the shortcomings of conventional organic substrate packages. The separation of the organic substrate into separate upper and lower substrates also enables the cost effective use of fabrication equipment. By providing an Opening in one of the organic substrates, one or more semiconductor dies may be attached to exposed interconnect pads coupled to through-semiconductor vias of the interposer, enabling the use of flip chips with high-density microbump arrays and the accommodation oldies with varied bump pitches. By providing the opening in the upper organic substrate, a package-on-package structure may also be provided.

From the above description it is manifest that various techniques can be used for implementing the concepts described in the present application without departing from the scope of those concepts. Moreover, while the concepts have been described with specific reference to certain implementations, a person or ordinary skill in the art would recognize that changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and the scope of those concepts. As such, the described implementations are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. It should also be understood that the present application is not limited to the particular implementations described herein, but many rearrangements, modifications, and substitutions are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

The invention claimed is:

1. An interface substrate comprising:

an interposer having a first plurality of through-semiconductor vias (TSVs) for electrically connecting a first plurality of lower interconnect pads to a first plurality of upper interconnect pads;

a lower substrate having an opening, wherein the lower substrate is adjacent to the interposer;

a second plurality of lower interconnect pads for receiving a lower semiconductor die, wherein the second plurality of lower interconnect pads is capable of connection to a second plurality of upper interconnect pads, is within the opening, and is adjacent to the interposer.

2. The interface substrate of claim 1, wherein said interposer comprises silicon.

3. The interface substrate of claim 2, wherein said first plurality of TSVs are through-silicon vias.

4. The interface substrate of claim 1, wherein a pitch of said second plurality of lower interconnect pads is less than a pitch of said first plurality of upper interconnect pads.

5. The interface substrate of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of upper contact pads capable of connection to the first and second pluralities of upper interconnect pads, wherein a pitch of the second plurality of lower interconnect pads is less than a pitch of the plurality of upper contact pads.

6. The interface substrate of claim 1, further comprising an upper substrate having a plurality of upper contact pads, the upper substrate being adjacent to the interposer, wherein the plurality of upper contact pads is capable of receiving an upper semiconductor die and is capable of connection to the first and second pluralities of upper interconnect pads.

7. A semiconductor package comprising:

a second plurality of lower interconnect pads for receiving a lower semiconductor die, wherein the second plurality of lower interconnect pads is capable of connection to a second plurality of upper interconnect pads, is within the opening, and is adjacent to the interposer;

a plurality of upper contact pads capable of connection to the first and second pluralities of upper interconnect pads, the plurality of upper contact pads for receiving an upper semiconductor die.

8. The semiconductor package of claim 7, wherein said interposer comprises silicon.

9. The semiconductor package of claim 8, wherein said first plurality of TSVs are through-silicon vias.

10. The semiconductor package of claim 7, wherein a pitch of said second plurality of lower interconnect pads is less than a pitch of said first plurality of upper interconnect pads.

11. The semiconductor package of claim 7, wherein a pitch of the second plurality of lower interconnect pads is less than a pitch of the plurality of upper contact pads.

12. The semiconductor package of claim 7, wherein said upper semiconductor die is a flip-chip.

13. The semiconductor package of claim 7, wherein said lower semiconductor die is a flip-chip.

14. The semiconductor package of claim 7, further comprising an upper substrate adjacent to the interposer, wherein the upper substrate comprises the plurality of upper contact pads, the first plurality of upper interconnect pads, and the second plurality of upper interconnect pads.