US873745A - Metal alloy. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

-.ELwooD HAYNES, or xoxono, INDIANA.

mm; ALLOY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented Dec. i7, ioo'r.

A eutian and April as. 1901; .Borlel Ho. aoaavo.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELWOOD Hiram, a citit to be substltute for mild tempered stee in the manufacture of edge tools, as table and pocket cutlery, physicians and dentists instruments, or standards of weight, measures, etc., etc.

Among the objects of. my invention is to produce a commercially practical metal aloy having the roperties above set forth and which is capable of being forged, hammered or otherwise worked into various forms of instruments and articles, and which is highly adapted, amon other uses, as'a' substitute for steel and ot er metals which have been heretofore plated in order'to rovide a suitable luster and resist the 'oxi izing and corrosive action of the atmosphere and fumes commonly occurrin' in the atmosphere; and also toprovide an a loy that is ca able of being substituted-in many cases or the rare and highly expensive metals com rising the so called polyxene group, inclu ing platinum, rhodium, irridium, palladium andosmium.

An alloy made in accordance with my invention is composed of chromium or other metal of the chromium group having properties like chromium, when considered with respect to the peculiar pro erties of my novel alloy, combined with co alt in the proortions substantially as hereinafter -specied. The metals included in the chromium oup to which reference has been made emraces, in addition to chromium, tungsten, molybdenum and-uranium. While I may employ other metals of the chromium group than chromium, my. experiments u present time have led'me to prefer t e latter metal as possessing the most desirable qualities of a constituent of my alloy for the purposes and uses intended, though 1t maybe to the chromium ent of the a loy.

I'havediscovered that an alloy may be produced by fusing together chromium and cobalt, in the hereinafter specified, having such pro erties as will enable it to receive an extreme y lustrous olish, rivaling silver in this respect, andw 'ch is capable of resisting oxidation and all form of corrosivefumes commonly occurring in the atmosphere, and showing no tendency to tarnish when exposed to the atmosphere of a chemical laboratory for 9, Ion period of time, and even retainingits bril iantly polished surface when subjecting it to boiling nitric acid. By reason of these" and other dproperties of the alloy it may be substitute for many of'the metals of what is termed the olyxene group hereinbefore referred to. or example my alloy may be used in the manufacture of standards of found for different uses other metals of the:

oup may be used as a constituproportions substantially as weight and measures and analogous p'urposes which have heretofore been made. of platinum and; irridium, with the result of possessing all the practical advantages of those metals at an immensely reduced cost to roduce the same. ere as an additional valuable property of this alloy, that it possesses a de cc of hardness and elasticity which isfu ly equal to that of mild tempered steel and may be formed into edge tools havin cutting qualities closely comparable to too s made of tempered steel. I have found that the alloy may be best worked into forms of utility when raised to the temperature of red. heat.

In order that the alloy shall most advantaties varying degrees contains from ten to sixty per cent. of chromium, together with a corresponding variation of cobalt. For 1nstance, I have found that an allo consistingof substantially ten per cent. 0 chromium and ninet per cent. cobalt is capable of takin a satis actory cutting edge, is hard while not brittle, but is not so resistive t'o COITOSIOI] as an alloy containing from twenty-five to thirty per cent. of chromium, while an alloy I have also discov-.

including the latter and somewhat. higher proportions of chromium are better suited to edged tools and likeimplements. I'have found that we carbonless chromium is very diflieult to 6 and the methods hereinafter referred to are the only ones of which I am aware that may be successfully practiced in alloy and is more readily tarnished. I de-.

sire it to be understood," however, that I may -is placed in a furnace hned with ma combine .small uantities of other substances with the alloyescribed such as will not objectionabl effect the nature of the binary alloy for t e purposes stated.

I have roduced the alloy of chromium and cobalt y three different methods or processes. One method or process consists in placing the pure metals, chromium and coalt, in a magnesia crucible, which crucible the crucible heated by an oxyhy ogen flame. The metals may be fused in a crucible of similar character and constructionheated by an electric arc. The third method of fusing the metals to alloy the same consists in the oxid of chromium with th required proportion of oxid of cobaltfand esia' introduced into a crucible lined with magnesiaor alumina, and the mixture is either heated until decomposition takes place or is' 40 ignited cold and the metals are reduced to the metallic state and at the same tlme fused to a regulus by the extremely high tempera ture thus produced.

. I claim as my invention -2 U 1. A metal alloy composed of a metal of the chromium group and cobalt;

2. A metalalloy composed, f cobalt and more than ten per cent. of a metal of the chromium group.' Y

3. A metal alloy composed of chromium and cobalt in the proportions of more-than ten per cent. of the chromium.

4. A bina metal alloy composed ofchromium an cobalt;

.5. A metal alloy composed of chromium and cobaltin the proportions of more than tenper cent. and less than sixty er cent. of the chromium, the remainder o the alloy being cobalt.

In testimony that 'I claim the foregoing as my invention I aflix my si ature in the presence of two witnesseeat 's 9th day of AprilA. 111907.

a ELWQOD HAYNES.

Witnesses:

'DON WATSON 'FBANK- J. FANNING.