US1542233A - Alloy - Google Patents
Alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1542233A US1542233A US429545A US42954520A US1542233A US 1542233 A US1542233 A US 1542233A US 429545 A US429545 A US 429545A US 42954520 A US42954520 A US 42954520A US 1542233 A US1542233 A US 1542233A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- alloys
- per cent
- manganese
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940064004 antiseptic throat preparations Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- This alloy was at first manufactured in small quantities and by small apparatus
- the applicant has also selected among the possible constituents which may be added, those that present the most interest and has determined the practical limits in which they should be'present to satisfy the are more extended than above conditions of manufacture.
- the alloy obtained according to the invention by increasing the content of carbon and manganese being ractically unattacked by strong acids, is a Emtiori unattacked by organic acids and other or anic matters, and also resists alkalies in. so ution or even in igneous fusion.
- the typical alloy comprises The maximum content previously indicated for the carbon and manganese are carr 1ed to '1 per cent. and 5 per cent. respectively.
- Manganese is an indispensable con stituent for ensuring satisfactory capacity for forging.
- An example of the c0mposition is: 1
- the content of nickel may be carried to 40 per cent. to fulfill certain conditions in respect of elasticity and 'dilatation of the alloy; for example the composition of the alloy may be Ni: 37, Or: 10, Mn: 2, C: 0.5, Fe: the rest.
- Such an alloy has the mean dilatation of glass (8xl0) and a modulus of elasticity in tension ]5J-- (10x10-f to 20x10-,)v of which the tempertaure coeflicient will be very small.
- non-oxidizability and, res stancg to chemi- '-ca l agents are required, for example:
- alloys here in question respond to these various desiderata. They are not oxidiza-ble and have, on the other hand, valuable mechanical properties, namely:
- the cutting edge which can be given to 1 these alloys is not absolutely comparable with-that which is obtainable in hard tempered'steel, but it is very superior to that of bronze and other alloys having nonferrous metals as basis which are used for the same purposes.
- alloy being heat-resistant and non-co'rrodible and having ductility and malleability adapting it for wire drawing and forging.
Description
" Patented June 16, 1925 UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE.
PIERRE GIRIN, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SOCIETE ANONYME DE COMMENTRY,
. FO'UBCHAMBAULT & DECAZEVILLE, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.
' ALLOY.
No Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, PIERRE GIRIN, a citizen oi the Republic of France, residing at 84 Rue de Lille, Paris, Seine, France, engineer, have invented new and useful Im provements in Alloys, which is fully set forth in the following specification.
In 'my U. S. Patent No. 1,422,096, dated July 11, 1922, is described the manufacture of an alloy which resists particularly Well the corrosive action of chemical agents and has mechanical properties superior to those of steel. v
This alloy was at first manufactured in small quantities and by small apparatus;
the necessity for manufacturing on a large scale in a metallurgical apparatus like the Martin furnace has led the applicant, in order to satisfy the conditions peculiar to this mode of manufacture, to extend the limiting percentage of carbon and of manganese originally given and to increase in certain cases the percentage of nickel from 25 to 0 per cent.
The applicant has also selected among the possible constituents which may be added, those that present the most interest and has determined the practical limits in which they should be'present to satisfy the are more extended than above conditions of manufacture.
Referring to elements the functions of which have already'been proved in metallurgical practice, namely cobalt as softener, vanadium and titanium in small doses as purifiers, tungsten and molybdenum as aiding chromium in improving the resistance to corrosion in general (temperature, superheated steam, acids) there are five constituents which are regarded as necessary for all contingencies, namely, iron, nickel, chromium, manganese and carbon.
The possible applications of these alloys was-originally supposed.
The alloy obtained according to the invention by increasing the content of carbon and manganese being ractically unattacked by strong acids, is a Emtiori unattacked by organic acids and other or anic matters, and also resists alkalies in. so ution or even in igneous fusion.
Application filed December 9, 1920. Serial No. 429,545.
The typical alloy comprises The maximum content previously indicated for the carbon and manganese are carr 1ed to '1 per cent. and 5 per cent. respectively. Manganese is an indispensable con stituent for ensuring satisfactory capacity for forging. An example of the c0mposition is: 1
Ni: 22, Cr: 12, Mn: 2.5, C: 0.3, Fe: the rest.
The content of nickel may be carried to 40 per cent. to fulfill certain conditions in respect of elasticity and 'dilatation of the alloy; for example the composition of the alloy may be Ni: 37, Or: 10, Mn: 2, C: 0.5, Fe: the rest.
Such an alloy has the mean dilatation of glass (8xl0) and a modulus of elasticity in tension ]5J-- (10x10-f to 20x10-,)v of which the tempertaure coeflicient will be very small.
Additions of other metals as accessories,
such as vanadium (from 0.2 to 1 per cent), t1tan1num (from 0*:1 to 0.5 per cent), maybe made with advantage to facilitate the man- The additions indicated are made at the cost of the content of iron.
. non-oxidizability and, res stancg to chemi- '-ca l agents are required, for example:
i 1. Metallic gauze for'making the safety sheath of miners lamps as well as the sheets which, in the chemical laboratory, are introduced between glass vessels and burner flames. These articles were hitherto rapidly destroyed, because of the facility of oxidation of metal wire (iron, nickel, copper or their alloysyused hitherto in the construction of the gauze orsheets.
Metallic wires made-from the alloys specially resisting corrosion described in the aforesaid patent and in the present specificatiom-ofi'era chemical resistance infinitely superior to that of iron and of all metals. A wire of some tenths of a mm. made of one of these alloys, whenheatedto 900 C., 1 does not show a sensible alteration for several hundred hours. At 1100 C. no change occurs for more than ten hours. The wire, flexible and very supple, lends itself well to the construction of gauze. Experiments made in the chemical laboratory have shown the perfect resistance and the unlimited durability of -metallic gauze woven with these threads and used to protect glass flasks from the flame of the burner.
2. Certain parts of firearms, such as sporting guns. Therehas been sought for many years by manufacturers of sporting ns, notably guns de luxe, an 'alloyresistmg sufficiently the oxidation provoked by the products from nitrated powders and having, moreover, the mechanical properties primarily necessary in a metal for such guns, that is to say:
High mechanical strength united with an absolute lack of brittleness (a strength insufiicient to the shock produced by the deflagration of the powder being, in this application, particularly -dangerous), and, moreover, capacity for being satisfactorily worked, notably drilled, at small diameter over a great length.
The alloys here in question respond to these various desiderata. They are not oxidiza-ble and have, on the other hand, valuable mechanical properties, namely:
Tensile strength 70 to 90 kilos in the finished state, a figure variable with the degree of hardenin" according to the mode of working (r0 ling or drawing finished at a more or less low temperature, drawing cold). I
Elongation .in the finished state, 15 to 20 per cent.
1 }Resilience (by the Guillery test) 25 to 10 1 0s.
Moreover, a very important quality, they can be worked very easily at a speed from 12-15 metres per minute with high speed steels of current manufacture.
These alloys have no need of being tem+ pered and nevertheless offer a very satisfactory resistance to wear. f
3. Cutlery de luxe, as in surgical cutting blades, flexible blades, instruments for use in surgical operations, wherea metal is required which While possessing: properties comparable with those of steel for-retaining a cutting edge, elasticity and the absence of brittleness, resists the prolonged action of corrosive materials such as antiseptics; cutlery and instruments for the culinary art. l 7 The alloys described incthe aforesaid patent and in the present specification are useful in certain industries, such as the manufacture of vegetable extracts, dyestuifs, paper pulp, the preparation of textile materials of animal or vegetable origin, in which blades are used for the disintegration of various materials in the presence of various chemical agents.
The cutting edge which can be given to 1 these alloys is not absolutely comparable with-that which is obtainable in hard tempered'steel, but it is very superior to that of bronze and other alloys having nonferrous metals as basis which are used for the same purposes.
Having thus described the nature of the same invention and the best means we know of carrying the same into practical eflect,
15%, manganese 1% to 5%, carbon 0.2%
to 1%, and iron the remainder, said alloy being heat-resistant and non-co'rrodible and having ductility and malleability adapting it for wire drawing and forging.
In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.
PIERRE GIRIN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US429545A US1542233A (en) | 1920-12-09 | 1920-12-09 | Alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US429545A US1542233A (en) | 1920-12-09 | 1920-12-09 | Alloy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1542233A true US1542233A (en) | 1925-06-16 |
Family
ID=23703717
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US429545A Expired - Lifetime US1542233A (en) | 1920-12-09 | 1920-12-09 | Alloy |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1542233A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2442762A (en) * | 1943-09-09 | 1948-06-08 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Methods of improving the magnetic quality of anisotropic permanent magnets containing iron, nickel, cobalt, and aluminum |
US3156558A (en) * | 1961-10-03 | 1964-11-10 | Samuel J Rosenberg | High-density, nonmagnetic stainless steel |
US3495977A (en) * | 1965-09-30 | 1970-02-17 | Armco Steel Corp | Stainless steel resistant to stress corrosion cracking |
US3839021A (en) * | 1971-07-20 | 1974-10-01 | Mitsubishi Steel Mfg | Heat-resisting steel |
US3859082A (en) * | 1969-07-22 | 1975-01-07 | Armco Steel Corp | Wrought austenitic alloy products |
US4957550A (en) * | 1987-05-06 | 1990-09-18 | Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co. | Ultrasonic machining tool for machining orthodontic brackets |
-
1920
- 1920-12-09 US US429545A patent/US1542233A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2442762A (en) * | 1943-09-09 | 1948-06-08 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Methods of improving the magnetic quality of anisotropic permanent magnets containing iron, nickel, cobalt, and aluminum |
US3156558A (en) * | 1961-10-03 | 1964-11-10 | Samuel J Rosenberg | High-density, nonmagnetic stainless steel |
US3495977A (en) * | 1965-09-30 | 1970-02-17 | Armco Steel Corp | Stainless steel resistant to stress corrosion cracking |
US3859082A (en) * | 1969-07-22 | 1975-01-07 | Armco Steel Corp | Wrought austenitic alloy products |
US3839021A (en) * | 1971-07-20 | 1974-10-01 | Mitsubishi Steel Mfg | Heat-resisting steel |
US4957550A (en) * | 1987-05-06 | 1990-09-18 | Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co. | Ultrasonic machining tool for machining orthodontic brackets |
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