US850200A - Turbine bucket and nozzle. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED APR. 16, 1907.

K. AHLQUIST. TURBINE BUCKET AND'NOZZLE.

APPLICATION P ILBD HOV` 28. 1905.

2 SHEETS-EHEIM' 2.

:, shanks and are arranged in a row around the admitting fject of the King' oi Sweden, residing at Sunnystruction of turbinebuckets and nozzles, and

Ahas been'diilicult, if'not'impossible, to obtain a ss'ajtisfactoryv and at the Sametime Aa relalisa diagram showing thel principle upon ends of the buckets and". their support. Fig.

other supportis provided with two rows of.

buckets, and Fig. 9 is,a sectional view on line .Q 9lofFig.'8.

necessarily,

segmental and curved partitions, the delivery the inlet edges ofthe buckets.

UNITED STATI-QS PATENT OFFICE.

`KARL Antoni sT, or RUGBY, nNoIn'i'Nn, AssICNoR V'ro GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A 'CORPORATION or 'NEW YORK.

TURB'INE BUCKET-AND Nozz'LE.

' No. eso-,200.

To L7-Z whom it may concern:

Be it known that I KARL AnLQUrsT, a sub side, Clifton Road, Rugby,'England, have in, vented certain new and --useful Improvements in VTurbine Buckets and Nozzles, of which the .following is .a speciiication.

The present invention 'relatesto the con-` has for its object to improvetheir construction wherebyv .the eiliciency 'of elastic-fluid turbines can be improved..

The invention is particularly applicable to .the lower pressure stages, where heretofore lit tively small exit angle without interfering with the economy ofoperation.

The invention is-also useful'in connection' with sta-ges of higher'pressure in a multistage turbine and single-stage turbines. lIn the accompanying drawings, which illusf trate embodiments of my invention, Figure 1I whichthe bucketsv are constructed. Fig'. 2 is an, end elevation of a bucket. Fig. .3 is a plan ofthe same.- Fig. 4-is a sectional view showing the buckets in place on a wheel, together with a suitableform of nozzle.l Fig. 5 is a developed view of the buckets and nozzle shown in Fig\. i4. v`Figsf and 7 are detail 8 is a slight modilication wherein the wheel or Each bucket .is Crescentshapedin crosssection, but the sharpened'edges instead of being straight are curved, usually, butnot.

in the arc of a circle, the'inlet edge being'` shorter than the outlet edge. The buckets vare provided with suitable basesor periphery of the turbine-wheel or other sup port. Thenozzle or stationary-elementfor fluid to the buckets comprisessuitable closely-associated passages separated by' edges 'of which are curved concentrically with v These buckets may be consideredI as 'being formed 'from a Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed NuvemberZB,

shown' in position on' the The blade is attach'cd'to a surface.

'nozzle is' seated in formed-on the dia held inplaceby bo Patented April 16,1907. 1905.l Serin 110.289.453.

cone havingl aV gutter roundl its curved edge.

Such a conels represented in section-in F ig.. 1.

this jet will spread. symmetrically round the Acone and be deflected round the linside of the gutter, leaving it everywhere at the saine an-f 6o gle 4to the axis of the cone..l In order that the purpose of this invention maybe fulfilled, the curve of the gutter-should be suc-h that this angle is as small as possible. If now the cone is assumed to he cut away at right angles to 65 its 'axis along aline A A below the level of the rim of the gutter, aehanncl-shaped ring 'will remainfhaving curved inner and-outer surfaces, and if a quartcr-seg1nent is cut from this ring a blade oi theforlu above' described will 7o be obtained having concentric circular edges, the inlet edge-being sl'iorteit-han the delivery ed'ge.- Figs. '2 and 3 show such a blade in 'ele-4 vation and plan, respectively. 1 A

In Fig. 4 a blade 6 of the forni desori-bedis 7 5 turbinefwheel 2` shank 3, which is heldin a groove in the wheel by the olamp-- ing-piece 4 and rivets';5. 'Th'e fluid stream is i lgiven the proper direction for inipingeinent 8of y means of a nozzle having partitions' 6',-

which have the lforni o-a portion of a conical These nozzle-partitions may be held in place by clamping-pieces 7 and 8,- se` cured to the nozzle support or diaphragm 9. 85. Thev portion? of the nozzle is seated 1n an annular shoulder" formed in thel diaphra I n and is irnily held lace between the iaphragin and the .shou der 10 on tlie inside o' the wheel-casingl 11. The `portion 8 of the A9e an annular shoulder hragm and is suitably ts'or rivets. The inner' and outer portions-of the diaphragm lare secured together by'strong radial ribs 12, and 95. between "said Aribs and thereceiving ends of the nozzle-'patitions is an annular chamber 13, whichs`erves' to equalize the pressure of the steam or otherelastic i'uid delivered to the nozzle-sections. 'j

Fig.' 5 shows a number of vthe buckets .and nozzles in develo ed' seetion. It Vwill '-be no- Ibo ticed that the b ades 'are arranged unsym.-y

metrically with regard tol a plane perper 5 the fact that the discharge edge of the'bucket Wheel, which. Would otherwise "e left. shape of these plates is shown in Figs.y 6 and 7, which .represent one of the plates in plan and end elevation, respectivelyf- The outer ends of the buckets are provided'withia 4cover 1 5, which is secured in'place' bytenons 16, 'formed .integral with the buckets. Other means for securing-the bucketsin place may be rovided, if desired-such, for example,y 'as olts or screws entering the ends of the buckets. L j M.

Instead of forming theblades of a quarterseginent of the ring, as above described, they may consist of se'niicircular segments, 'Whic so that they project equally on opposite sides of the plane' ofthe Wheel. Such an arranv ement shown in Itigl '8, Where the; bue ret l is secured to the Wheel 2, the nozzlepassa es 16 in this case being in the plane of the w eel. by' partitions having'theforni of portions of the curvedsurfaceof a. cone.` ...To separate adjacent partitions, distance-pieces '1T-are provided. In Fig. 9 the no zzles and blades are shown developed, the figure be' g a section along the line 9 9 in Fig. 8'.

- :Amongthe advantages of the construction' shown in Figs'. 8 and 9 over that referred to in connection with the previous figures is the i fact that the Wheel is balanced as to thrust,

that on one side-being e ual and op'pos'itelto that von the' other side'.

he nozzle, being an- 'nulariand located' between and discharging tobo'th sets of'buckets, can -be used to dis? charge steam or other 'elasticiluid in oppo-V siteifaXial-directions from a' given point, or-

the nozzlemaybe arranged," as in the present Icase,-`jto discharge steam tangentially after the manner-ofthe Stumpf turbine.` However thep'artsare arranged,}the advantages due tothe''improvedI bucket-angles land expansion of the buekete'spaces or passages are preserved. l

Bv Ineansof the construction described it Willbe seen that the exit-angle canbelnade small with respect to thatof the entrance Without causing 'any restriction .in the pas'- sage between buckets in the direction of How "of the luirh- It is,evident that this is due to with the apparatus which new consi er to The nozzle-passages are formedl means for securing .the buckets l. to cover theopening into the `roovein thel` I The ' between and discharging vagainst represent the best embodiment thereof; but

invention can be carried out b othe'r'means What I ,claim as new, and esire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. -A bucketfor a turbine, comprising a' body portion having curved -entrance and exit edges.

2'. lA bu'cket for a turbine, comprising a body ortvion having curved entrance and exit e' ges, the 'curve of the exit edge Vbeing of-greater radius than 'that ofthe entrance.

8. A bucketfor a turbine', @Omprising-a body portion which Iis crescent-shaped in cross-section, with curved'entrance and exit edges, the inlet edge being shorter than the eXit, and the angle of entrance greater than' the angle of exit.. are mounted onwfthe periphery of the VWheel,

4. .In 'a turbine,v theco'mbination of'a support-,with a, lurality of buckets mounted thereon, each ucket comprisinga body portion having curved -entrance and exit the entran'ee'edge beinshorter than-thatof the exit, the buckets' eing so' arranged on the support that' the angle of entrance of 'thej adjacent Walls of the inlet side is greater than f the angle on the -exit side.

5. In a turbine, the combination a sil-pf port, a plurality of buckets having,curvedl entrance and exit edges, and a shank for each bucket that is mounted'in the support, the buckets. being, so disposed on the support. that vthe 'angle of entrance for'the-uid is port, buckets-.situated on ov posite sidesiofV the plane-thereof, each buc {etbleing crese vcentfshapedin'cross-section, withcrvedfen- IIO trance and .exit edges, and a nozzle 'situated of' buckets, thedischarge .ends'bf the. i 1 ozzle being curved to corres ond toV rows which are situate bucketswhich are located 'in saidqgroye in. placeiiln nozzles'con'centric with 'said buckets., f

9. In a turbine, 'the' combination fof acasing having an internal shoulder,-Wheel-bnek- 5' ets, a partition'supported by the shoulder and a nozzle. carried'by the partition .a

held between it andthe shoulder.

6.' Ina turbine, t 1e combination oal'sup# port, buckets situated' on opfosite'sidesfof the plane there'ofjeachbucket avingcurved entrance and exit edges`, and a nozzle-situated between anddischarging against both' rows lof buckets.

the :curvature 10. Ina turbine, the combinationofja; cas- 'Hs: port having-a groove,"buckets having curved; entrance and exit ed es cand arranged 'fin'.

.011 @Ppofe *Slfsnf' the 4{ )lane ot'the support, 'shanksfr the i ing having an internal shoulder, Whee1buck- In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my ets, partitnbsuported by the sloulder, a hand this 15th day of November, 1905. nozz e carrie t e arttlon an comprsing an inner engen ollter member with por KARL AHLQUIbT tiens between forming passages, the said Witnesses-z outer member being held between the part- .EBN-EST HARKER, tion and the shoulder. SIDNEY Gmo. WEBB.

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