US1415219A - Turbine - Google Patents

Description

J. 0. CA'RRE'Y'.

, I TURBINE.

I APPLICATION FILED AQG=19, 1919-- Patented Mdy9,1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. 0. CARREY.

TURBINE FILED AU APPLICAT .19, 1919. I 1,415,219. atented May 9, 1922.

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JOHN o. GARBZEY, or ST. Louis, Mrssonm, ss enoa TO cnzannv no'rAnY lnivenvr.

COMPANY, or s'r. Louis, MISSOURI, A conronnrrou or MISSOURI.

TURBINE.

1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN D. GARREY, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Turbine, of which thefollowing is a. specification.

Thisinvention relates to improvements in turbines, and consists in the novel design, arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described. 1

An object of the invention is to provide a turbine, having a rotor arranged for propulsion by injection of steam in a plurality of series of expansion pockets, whereby the force of the steam is utilized according to its normal line of expansion.

Another. object of the invention is to pro vide,jin a turbine, a novel form of injectors for introducing the steam pressure into the expansion pockets of the rotor.

Another objectof the invention is to provide a turbine with the injectors so arranged as to balance the lateral pressure on the rotor, whereby it is relieved from lateral strain, thereby permitting the use of high pressure without a binding effect on the power shaft.

. Another object of the invention is to provide means in a turbine, whereby the steam pressure may be rapidly condensed after the propulsive force thereof. has been expended in the operation of the rotor.

Additional advantages from the construction will be apparent without specific mention from the following disclosure of theinvention taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1, is a side elevation of the turbine, embodying the invention.

Fig. 2, is an end elevation of the turbine.

Fig. 3, is a vertical section through the turbine casing, showing in further detail,

. the construction of the rotor.

Fig. 4, is an enlargedv fragmentary view, illustrating particularly the injectors in association with the rotor.

Fig. 5, is an inside elevation of one of the side platesbof the turbine.

Fig. 6, is a cross section through the turbine, and

Fig. 7, s a detailedfragmentary view of a section of one ofthe side plates, illustrating particularly the construction of one of the communicating passages from one series of ,expansionpQckets to the other. series of ex .pansionpockets...

Specification of Letters Patent Patented Flay 9, Application filed August 19,1919. Serial No. 318,577.

bottom of the casting 2, and integrally formed therewith, is a discharge conduit 3 tor the outward passage of the condensed steam. It will be observed that the casting 3 is enlarged in its circular formation to a slight degree near the bottom so as to provide a free outlet for the condensed steam.

The casting 2 is provided with annular flanges 1 on each side. The flanges 4i are preferably formed integral with the casting 2. Side members '5, having enlarged bosses 6, are secured by a series of bolts 7 to the flanges The side members together with the casting 2 form the enclosed stator case of the turbine. At the center of the bosses 6 are:

An annular plate 18, having a series of vanes 14a, is fitted over the vanes l1, and is secured thereto in any suitable manner. The plate 13 constitutes a closing wall for the pockets 12. The vanes 14 are so angular disposed on the plate 13 and the adjustment of the plate 13 is such, that the vanes overlie the intervals between the vanes 11. Thus, a second seriesof pockets are provided in thc rotor for the reception of steam from the first series of pockets after the expansive forceof the steam has been utilized in the first series. 7 7

:An annular plate 15, supporting a series of angular vanes 16, is fitted'over the second series of vanes 14 in a similar manner to the way inwhich the plate 13 is fitted over the vanes 11. The vanes. 16 are so disposed on the plate-15 and the plate 15 is so adjusted with respect to the vanes 14: thatthe vanes 16 overlie the p 14. Thus, a third series of pockets is provided for the reception of the steam from the pockets of the second series of pockets.

intervals between the. vanes:

An annular band 17 is fitted over the vanes 16, the band 17 carrying a series of curved vanes 18 which function to expel the condensed steam discharged from the third series of pockets. The condensed steam passes from the third or outer annular series of pockets through grooves 2'? and is expelled by the vanes 18 through a discharge pipe 29. I

Theoperating fluid is supplied through two supply pipes 19 which enter the enlarged hub portions 6 of the side members.

Said hubs contain annular chambers 20 into which the pipes 19 open.

Injectors comprising nozzles 21, fitted within tapering cases 22, are so arranged as to inject the steam from the chambers 20 intothe pockets 12 through adjustablepassages 23 threaded into the side members. The passages are so disposed that the steam will passinto the pockets 12 at a clownwardly inclined tangential angle. The injectors have, extending laterally from the cases 22, aspirator nozzles 24; the aspirator nozzles being so placed that when the steam injected through the passages 23, the as pirator openings will be in communication with the next following pocket 12 in the (rotor. The injectors are arranged in pairs on eachside of the rotor and upon equally spaced circumferential points. The impelling force is thus introduced into the rotor in such a manner that the forces are balanced, preventing lateral strain on the rotor.

tors may be better understood by reference to Fig. 4, in which one pair of injectors are shown'in association with a segment of the rotor. When steam passes through the inectors it is discharged from the pair of nozzles at a downwardly inclined angle from either side of the rotor, the jets of steam from both injectors meeting at the apex of the vanes 11. The steam passing through the nozzles 21, which are enclosed within the case'22, produces an aspirator effect in the nozzles 24;.

As the nozzles 24 are oppositely disposed, and are in communication with the pocket 12 following the pocket in which the jets of steam enter from the nozzle 21, a suction will be created in such pockets as they come in communication with the aspirator nozzles produced, a double power e ect, the one resulting from the impinging actionof the jets of steam against the vanes and the other from the suction created by the aspirator nozzles 24 in the pockets in communication with such nozzles 24. The In] ectors are arranged at intervals in pairs. and any desired number of pairs may be provided, the embodiment illustrated in the/drawings comprising three pairs.

In the inner walls of the member 6 and arranged in laterally alined pairs, are .1

The arrangement and action of the injec- I passes beyond the injector, the steam is forced outwardly in the grooves 25 and into i the pockets in the second series. The incoming force of the steam injected into the pockets of the second'series impinges against the vanes, increasing the power ofithe forward rotation of the rotor.

A. second series of grooves 26, of asimilar construction and arranged inthe intervals between. the first series-of grooves 25 provide communication between the pockets in the second series and the pockets of the third series, so that after the steam has expanded in the pockets of the second series it is forced into the pockets of the third series as they come into registration with the grooves 25, where the propulsive action of the steam is repeated in the pockets of the third or outer series.

A 'third'serie's of similarly formed grooves 27 arranged in pairs in the side members, are provided for communication between the pockets in the outer series, and the space between the ring 17v and the stator case.

An inlet opening 28 is provided through the side members of the stator case for the admission of water into the spaceinterme diate of the ring 17 and the wall 2 of the stator case.

The incoming'water is distributed by. the

The plates 18 maintain a constant through a discharge pipe 29 and may be returned to the boiler for use." The rapid condensation of the steam in the outer space between the stator case-and the rotorsets up a vacuum orsu'ction action generating a pullingforce or pockets. 7 p

It will be observed that the construction utilizes the full propelling andsuction force ofthe steam in the inner series of pockets power in the outer series of and that the steam expands outwardly along the normal line of expansion into the second and third series of pockets, exerting in each series a propelling force.

It will be understood that the number of v series of'pockets maybe increased, and also" that the number of pockets maybeincreased,

and that the construction may be modified in other particulars without departure from the spirit and scope of the invention. I do not limit myself therefore, to the exact construction shown and described, but what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a turbine, the combination of a stator case, a power shaft journaled in the case, and a rotor mounted on said power shaft having pockets therein, open at the sides, with an injector comprising an inlet nozzle arranged to inject a jet of steam into the pockets in the rotor, and an aspirator nozzle in connection with said first-named nozzle in communication with the pockets in the rotor for producing a suction in the pockets.

2. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor having vertical pockets open at the sides, a case encasing said rotor, with a pair of injecting nozzles entering said case and dis posed so as to direct jets of steam from opposite points through the side openings of the pockets, and an aspirator nozzle in connection with each of said first-named nozzles to communicate in succession with the pocket following the pocket receiving a charge from the injecting nozzles.

8. A turbine, comprising a stator case, a rotor mounted in said case, angular vanes on said rotor arranged with the apex thereof on a central line around the periphery of said rotor, nozzles including an injector opening directed in a downwardly inclined tangential direction to inject jets of steam against certain of said vanes, and aspirator nozzles in connection therewith, opening into the interval between certain of said vanes.

4. In a turbine, the combination with a stator case, of arotor mounted in the stator case, annular series of pockets in the rotor all of which extend entirely across the rotor the full length of the interior of the stator case, means for injecting steam into the inner series of pockets from opposite sides of the rotor, and means for creating a vacuum successively in said series of pockets.

5. In a turbine, the combination with a stator case, and a rotor having vertical pockets therein with the sides thereof open, of an aspirator injector device arranged to introduce steam pressure successively in the pockets and to produce suction action successively in the following pocket.

6. In a turbine, the combination. of a stator case, a rotor mounted in the case having pockets comprising angular front and rear walls and circular top and bottom walls, steam supply passages entering both sides of the stator case, and a plurality of injector devices having aspirator nozzles in connection therewith, arranged to introduce steam pressure from opposite sides into the pockets, and to create a vacuum by withdrawing pressure from both sides of said pockets.

7. A turbine, comprising a stator case, a shaft extending through and journaled for rotation in said case, a rotor attached to said shaft in said case, concentric annular series of pockets in and extending the full width of said rotor, a number of steam injection passages: arranged to'inject steam from opposite sides of the rotor into the inner series of pockets, passages for conducting the steam successively into the remainingseries of pockets, passages for conducting the condensed steam from the outer series of pockets into the stator case, and means supported around and driven by the rotor for expelling the condensed steam from said case.

8. A turbine, comprising a circular case and shaft journaled in said case, a series of annular supports arranged in spaced relationship, transverse angular walls dividing the space between said supports into pockets, a series of curved plates carried by the outer one of said supports, said plates con 'stituting fan blades to exhaust the pressure from said case, means for introducing steam pressure into the inner series of pockets, and vertical passage ways for transferring the steam pressure from the pockets of one series to the next outwardly adjacent series of pockets.

9. A turbine, comprising a case including a circular plate and side walls, a shaft, a hub supported by the shaft, a number of annular series of radially extending angularly inclined Walls extending the full length of the interior of said case, annular partition walls separating said radially extending walls so as to form a plurality of annular series of pockets each of which extends the full length of the interior of said case, means for injecting operating fluid into the inner series of pockets, and passages through the side platesfor conducting the pressure from the inner series to the outer series of pockets.

10. A turbine, comprising a case including a circular plate and side walls, a shaft, a hub supported by the shaft, a series of radially extending angularly inclined walls, annular partition walls separating said radially extending Walls so as to form a plurality of staggered series of pockets, means for injecting operating fluid into the inner series of pockets, passages through the side plates for conducting the pressure from the inner series to the outer series of pockets, and a series of fan blades carried by the outer annular partition wall for exhausting pressure from the case.

Y JOHN O. CARREY.

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