US8469699B2 - Staged combustion method for producing asymmetric flames - Google Patents

Staged combustion method for producing asymmetric flames Download PDF

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Publication number
US8469699B2
US8469699B2 US11/813,292 US81329205A US8469699B2 US 8469699 B2 US8469699 B2 US 8469699B2 US 81329205 A US81329205 A US 81329205A US 8469699 B2 US8469699 B2 US 8469699B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
semi
assembly
combustion
burner
distance
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related, expires
Application number
US11/813,292
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English (en)
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US20100068665A1 (en
Inventor
Bertrand Leroux
Rémi Tsiava
Patrick Jean-Marie Recourt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Assigned to L'AIR LIQUIDE SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE reassignment L'AIR LIQUIDE SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LEROUX, BERTRAND, RECOURT, PATRICK JEAN-MARIE, TSIAVA, REMI
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/84—Flame spreading or otherwise shaping
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
    • C03B5/2353—Heating the glass by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F23C5/28—Disposition of burners to obtain flames in opposing directions, e.g. impacting flames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D23/00—Assemblies of two or more burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F27B3/205—Burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2211/00—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces
    • C03B2211/30—Heating processes for glass melting in glass melting furnaces introducing oxygen into the glass melting furnace separately from the fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a staged combustion method for producing asymmetric flames.
  • These burners can have a flat flame structure or possess a concentric configuration developing a cylindrical flame. Taking into account the preceding requirements as well as the flame shapes developed by current burners, their arrangement inside the combustion system of the furnace is awkward and generally produces many disadvantages. More precisely, in order to prevent the flames developed by the burners damaging the wall of the furnace, these must be placed at a sufficient distance from the walls concerned. The effective heat transfer area becomes considerably reduced and any increase in the power of the burner risks making this distance insufficient.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the previously mentioned disadvantages, and to this end consists of a method for the combustion of a fuel by means of at least one burner, said burner having two semi-assemblies, each comprising:
  • a third oxidizer jet can be injected at a second distance (L 2 ) greater than the first distance (L 1 ) by a tertiary oxidizer injection means ( 5 ).
  • This third oxidizer injection is designed to guarantee sufficient dilution of the reagents before the main combustion zone, so as to limit the formation of thermic NOx compounds.
  • a different quantity of fuel is injected into the fuel injection means of each semi-assembly.
  • the combustion power delivered by each semi-assembly is different, the quantity of fuel delivered by the primary and secondary oxidizer injection means being quite obviously adapted as a consequence according to the fuel flow rate.
  • the burner creates a flame close to a wall and the power of the semi-assembly nearest to said wall possesses the smaller combustion power.
  • This wall is generally parallel to the axis of symmetry of the burner, for example when it consists of the charging wall of a furnace. Since the high power zone is away from the walls of the furnace, the risk of damaging these walls is greatly reduced.
  • the invention also relates to a method for heating a material in a furnace, said furnace being fitted with at least one pair of burners, the burners of said pair being placed face-to-face in the furnace, wherein:
  • the invention finally relates to a method for heating a material in a furnace, said furnace being fitted with at least one pair of burners, the burners of said pair being placed face-to-face in the furnace, wherein:
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a semi-assembly of a burner according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the operation of the burner of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of an industrial furnace using burners positioned face to face
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of an industrial furnace using burners positioned in an offset manner.
  • a burner with jets separated according to the invention comprises two semi-assemblies 1 , 1 ′, one of which is represented in FIG. 1 .
  • Each semi-assembly 1 , 1 ′ comprises a fuel supply 2 with which a primary oxidizer supply 3 is associated, in this case of oxygen, situated at a first distance from the fuel supply 2 , a secondary oxidizer supply 4 situated at a second distance L 1 greater than the first distance from the fuel supply 2 , and a tertiary oxidizer supply 5 situated at a third distance L 2 , greater than the second distance L 1 , from the fuel supply 2 .
  • the fuel used can be in gaseous form or liquid form, this being if need be sprayed by a suitable atomizing system.
  • the tertiary oxidizer supply 5 is situated at a relatively large distance from the fuel supply 2 and is used to inject oxygen with a high velocity. This arrangement makes it possible to guarantee sufficient dilution of the reagents before the main combustion zone, in this way preventing the formation of too great a quantity of thermic NOx compounds.
  • each sub-assembly 1 , 1 ′ is distributed symmetrically about an axis of symmetry S, it being possible for each fuel supply 2 and oxidizer supply 3 , 4 , 5 to be regulated independently for flow rate.
  • Each semi-assembly 1 , 1 ′ is regulated so that the structural symmetry is broken in order to obtain an asymmetric flame.
  • the flow rates of the fuel supplies 2 and oxidizer supplies 3 , 4 , 5 are regulated differently.
  • the flow of fuel delivered for the semi-assembly 1 is regulated so as to be less than the flow rate of fuel delivered by the semi-assembly 1 ′.
  • the primary 3 , secondary 4 and tertiary 5 supplies are consequently regulated with respect to the fuel supply 2 of the sub-assembly 1 , 1 ′ concerned.
  • the flow rates of reagents are represented symbolically by an arrow with a variable length.
  • the combustion power of the semi-assembly 1 ′ is greater than the combustion power of the semi-assembly 1 , on account of this generating an asymmetric flame 7 possessing a length in the region of the sub-assembly 1 ′ clearly less than its length in the region of the sub-assembly 1 .
  • the flame 7 then has a lean zone 7 a in the region of the sub-assembly 1 and a rich zone 7 b in the region of the sub-assembly 1 ′.
  • Obtaining such an asymmetric flame 7 makes it possible to reduce the necessary distance Dp between the burner and the wall 8 of the furnace so as to prevent damaging the latter. Minimum heat transfer to a charge to be heated is therefore guaranteed towards the charge situated close to the wall 8 of the furnace, preventing the formation of hot spots on said wall 8 .
  • the asymmetric flame 7 makes it possible to prevent flames coming from the burners situated face to face from interacting together.
  • FIG. 3 shows a furnace 20 comprising an assembly of burners 21 , 22 as defined in FIGS. 1 and 2 , positioned in pairs facing each other.
  • Each burner 21 , 22 is regulated so that it develops an asymmetric flame 23 , 24 , with a complementary shape to the flame 24 , 23 coming from the paired burner 22 , 21 . In this way, any flame overlap is prevented, thereby reducing risks of damaging the furnace 20 .
  • the power distribution as previously described can be achieved by keeping or not a combustion stoichiometry close to the value 1 for each semi-assembly 1 , 1 ′.
  • the semi-assembly with the greater power is regulated with a combustion stoichiometry less than 1 while the semi-assembly operating at a lower power will be regulated with a combustion stoichiometry greater than the value of 1.
  • This regulation makes it possible to obtain a rich zone generating soot on the semi-assembly of the burner 21 , 22 , combustion of unburned materials being completed by means of supplementary oxygen provided by the semi-assembly of the paired burner 22 , 21 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a furnace 30 comprising an assembly of burners 31 , 32 as described in FIGS. 1 and 2 , arranged in pairs facing each other but in an offset manner, that is to say so that only one semi-assembly of the burner 31 faces a semi-assembly of the burner 32 .
  • the burners 31 , 32 are regulated so that they develop an asymmetric flame 33 , 34 having a lean zone 33 a , 34 a and a rich zone 33 b , 34 b . More precisely, the burners 31 , 32 are regulated so that the rich zone 33 b is situated in the region of the lean zone 34 a , the rich zone 34 b overlapping the rich zone 33 b .
  • This arrangement is particularly advantageous in the case of burners 31 , 32 operating with a combustion stoichiometry different from a value of 1.
  • the semi-assembly 1 ′ of the burner 31 is regulated with a combustion stoichiometry less than a value of 1
  • the rich zone 33 b of the asymmetric flame 33 generates considerable amounts of soot. Combustion of this unburned matter can then be completed by means of supplementary oxygen provided by the semi-assembly 1 of the paired burner 32 , regulated as a consequence in order to operate with a stoichiometry less than a value of 1.
  • Another variant (not shown) of a burner according to the invention differs from a burner 1 , 21 , 22 , 31 , 32 only by the fact that regulation of the power of the semi-assembles 1 , 1 ′ is carried out by varying the distance L 1 between the secondary oxidizer supply 4 and the fuel supply 2 on each semi-assembly 1 , 1 ′.
  • a shorter distance L 1 will give rise to more powerful combustion while a longer distance L 1 will reduce the combustion power simply from the fact of greater dilution of the oxidizer before this reaches the combustion zone.
  • Regulation of each semi-assembly 1 , 1 ′ by varying the distance L 1 can obviously be combined with regulation by varying the flow rate of the reagents previously described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
US11/813,292 2005-01-03 2005-12-20 Staged combustion method for producing asymmetric flames Expired - Fee Related US8469699B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0550010A FR2880410B1 (fr) 2005-01-03 2005-01-03 Procede de combustion etagee produisant des flammes asymetriques
FR0550010 2005-01-03
PCT/FR2005/051118 WO2006072724A1 (fr) 2005-01-03 2005-12-20 Procede de combustion etagee produisant des flammes asymetriques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100068665A1 US20100068665A1 (en) 2010-03-18
US8469699B2 true US8469699B2 (en) 2013-06-25

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Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8469699B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1836438B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4902550B2 (de)
CN (1) CN100572914C (de)
BR (1) BRPI0518522A2 (de)
ES (1) ES2686901T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2880410B1 (de)
PL (1) PL1836438T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2006072724A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

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US20110056476A1 (en) * 2008-01-18 2011-03-10 Ernesto Aldolfo Hartschuh Schaub Burning system
US20120301835A1 (en) * 2010-12-01 2012-11-29 Martin Adendorff Method and device for diluted combustion

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US9021838B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-05-05 Johns Manville Systems and methods for glass manufacturing
US8997525B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2015-04-07 Johns Manville Systems and methods for making foamed glass using submerged combustion
EP2479492A1 (de) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-25 Technip France Brenner, Ofen
US9360257B2 (en) * 2014-02-28 2016-06-07 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Transient heating burner and method
US9982884B2 (en) * 2015-09-15 2018-05-29 Johns Manville Methods of melting feedstock using a submerged combustion melter
WO2021136218A1 (zh) * 2019-12-31 2021-07-08 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于燃料燃烧的燃烧器及其燃烧方法

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US2480906A (en) 1947-06-23 1949-09-06 Clifford K Cox Hose support and clamp
US2947289A (en) * 1958-04-11 1960-08-02 Riley Stoker Corp Steam temperature control
US3063431A (en) * 1961-05-31 1962-11-13 Riley Stoker Corp Steam generating unit
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CN101095011A (zh) 2007-12-26
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EP1836438A1 (de) 2007-09-26
FR2880410B1 (fr) 2007-03-16
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