US82607A - Improvement in the manufacture of axes, hammers - Google Patents
Improvement in the manufacture of axes, hammers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US82607A US82607A US82607DA US82607A US 82607 A US82607 A US 82607A US 82607D A US82607D A US 82607DA US 82607 A US82607 A US 82607A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- axes
- hammers
- ingredients
- improvement
- manufacture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910001296 Malleable iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003128 Head Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/04—Treatment of selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
Definitions
- FREDERICK C OUBIE, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.
- my invention consists in converting hammers, axes, hatchets, and other edge-tools which have been cast from iron into steel, by converting them first into malleableized iron and then into steel, by the process hereinafter described.
- I cast ax-heads in any well-known manner. I then convert them into what is known as cast-malleable or malleableized iron by the well known process of heating, and then into steel by the following process: I take a mixture of the following ingredients: Thirty parts of charcoal, pulverized; three parts of soda or soda ash; one part of rock-salt. These ingredients I mix well and cover the bottom of an iron box, such as is used in the process of cementation, with them.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT 4 OFFICE.
FREDERICK C. OUBIE, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF AXES, HAMMERS, 800.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 82,607, dated September 29, 1868.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, FREDERICK 0. Guam, ofLancaster, county of Lancaster, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Process of Gonvertin g Hammers, Axes, Hatchets, and Similar Edge- Tools into Steel; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and correct description of the same, sufficient to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to fully understand and apply the same.
The nature of my invention consists in converting hammers, axes, hatchets, and other edge-tools which have been cast from iron into steel, by converting them first into malleableized iron and then into steel, by the process hereinafter described.
To carry out my invention, I cast ax-heads in any well-known manner. I then convert them into what is known as cast-malleable or malleableized iron by the well known process of heating, and then into steel by the following process: I take a mixture of the following ingredients: Thirty parts of charcoal, pulverized; three parts of soda or soda ash; one part of rock-salt. These ingredients I mix well and cover the bottom of an iron box, such as is used in the process of cementation, with them.
On the layer of ingredients I place a layer of articles to be converted, taking care that only the cutting part, as far as it is to be converted, touches the ingredients; then, upon this part, another layer of ingredients, and another layer of articles to be converted, and so on until the box is filled. The eye part of the ax-heads, or such other parts of tools as I desire to leave unconverted, I cover with sand, so that the ingredients cannot act on that part, which consequently will not be converted. In axes and hatchets the eye part must necessarily be malleable, as it would be too apt to break if converted into steel. Then the box is closed air-tight and placed in a convertingfurnace, where I subject it to the heat from two to eight hours, according to the quality of the iron and ingredients. Under favorable circumstances I have converted ax-heads in two hours.
I do not confine myself to the exact proportion of ingredients, but substantially to the proportion named.
Instead of converting the cast heads into malleable ones, I can form or stamp them from wrought or cast-malleable iron, and then convert them into steel.
I do not broadly claim to convert all kinds of iron articles into steel by my process, but confine myself to hammers, axes, hatchets, and similar edge-tools.
What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. Converting hammers, axes, hatchets, and similar edge-tools, either cast or made from wrought or cast -malleable iron, into steel by the process substantially as herein described.
2. The new articles of manufacturenamely, hammers, axes, hatchets, and similar edgetoolsmade by the process substantially as herein described.
FREDERICK O. GURIE.
\Vitnesses J. H.'BAUMGARDNER, ALF. F. SPENCER.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US82607A true US82607A (en) | 1868-09-29 |
Family
ID=2152100
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US82607D Expired - Lifetime US82607A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of axes, hammers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US82607A (en) |
-
0
- US US82607D patent/US82607A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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