US51723A - Improved process for hardening iron - Google Patents
Improved process for hardening iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US51723A US51723A US51723DA US51723A US 51723 A US51723 A US 51723A US 51723D A US51723D A US 51723DA US 51723 A US51723 A US 51723A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- improved process
- malleable
- hardening
- hardening iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910001296 Malleable iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000002799 Prunus avium Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/44—Methods of heating in heat-treatment baths
- C21D1/46—Salt baths
Definitions
- malleable iron is east-iron which by a well-known process is rendered comparatively malleable-that is to say, it has lost the brittleness which is one of the characteristics of cast-iron, and it may be bent and hammered, although not to the same extent as wrought-iron, and it can be filed and turned with comparative facility.
- the object of my invention is to render malleable and non-malleable cast-iron tough and hard as hardened steel, so that it may be used for many of the purposes for which steel has heretofore been employed, and at much less cost.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS H. JENKINS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
IMPROVED PROCESS, FOR HA/RDENING IRON.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 5 1,723, dated December 26, 1865.
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, THOMAS H. JENKINS,
of the city, county and State of New York,
have invented a new and useful Process for Hardening Malleable and Non-Malleable Cast- Iron; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.
What is termed in the arts malleable iron is east-iron which by a well-known process is rendered comparatively malleable-that is to say, it has lost the brittleness which is one of the characteristics of cast-iron, and it may be bent and hammered, although not to the same extent as wrought-iron, and it can be filed and turned with comparative facility.
The object of my invention is to render malleable and non-malleable cast-iron tough and hard as hardened steel, so that it may be used for many of the purposes for which steel has heretofore been employed, and at much less cost.
I take the pieces of iron to be hardened, and of whatever shape and size, and either rough or after they have been filed and smoothed, and I heat them to a temperature known as cherry red,an(l hammer them to compact the metal. Afterthis I beat them again to a cherryred heat, take them out of the tire, and sprinkle on the surface a preparation composed of seven parts, by weight, of prussiate of potash and one part, by weight, of charcoal, ,the composition being well pulverized and mixed; and I then put them in the tire again until this composition disnppears, but taking care to raise the temperature again to a cherry-red heat, and then plunge them in a liquid bath composed of about twenty-eight gallons of water, eight pounds of oil of vitriol, forty-four ounc s of sal-ammoniac, twenty ounces of Glaubers salts, and thirty ounces of common or table salt. The quantity to he used will of course depend on the size of the articles to be hardened. When taken from this solution it will be found that the iron has become very tough and hard, and sufficiently hard for axes, hatchets, and tools of that class.
For the shares and other parts of plows and for other articles that require to be hard, but in which a keen cutting-edge is not necessary, I can dispense with the composition of prussiate of potash.
\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
l. The process, substantially as above described, for hardening malleable and nonmalleablc cast-iron by plunging it,-while at or about a cherry-red heat, in asolution substantially such as. herein described.
2. In combination with and preparatoryto the hardening in a solution suostautially such as herein described, the treatment of the iron in a heated state with a composition of prossiate of potash and charcoal, substantially as herein described.
THO. H. JENKINS Witnesses:
ANDREW DE LACY, WM. H. BIsHor.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US51723A true US51723A (en) | 1865-12-26 |
Family
ID=2121272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US51723D Expired - Lifetime US51723A (en) | Improved process for hardening iron |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US51723A (en) |
-
0
- US US51723D patent/US51723A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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