US81506A - Improved buck-machine - Google Patents

Description

@einen gister gstentf @fitta LettersA Patent No. 81,506, dated August 25, 1868.

I `IMPROVE-D BRIGKMAGHINE.

@the .Stimme ruimt in in tigers tetters ttmt tnt making put nf itt same.

TO ALLWHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Bo it known that I, WILLPAA H. HovEY, of Springfield, in the county of Hampden, `and Commonwealth of l Massachusetts, have invented-a new and improved Brick-Machine; and I do lhereby declareA that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, in which- Y Y Figure lis a side elevation of said machine. i

Figure 2 isa vertical sectional view of the same, the plane of section being indicated by the lines y yin iig. 4.

Figure 3, II, is a plan view of a portion of said machine, showingabout one-half of the same.

Figure 3, I, is a horizontal sectional view' of the remaining portion ofthe machine, the plane of section being indicated by the line z a: in iig. 2.

Figure 4 is an end elevation of said machine.

Figure 5',`I and III, shows, respectively, a front and side elevation of the, plunger and piston, which' moves' in the mould, and

'Figure 5, II and IV, shows vertical sections through I and III, the plane of section being indicated bythe line x x. I '1 My invention is designed to manufacture moulded brick of the kindwhich may be removed from the machine directly to thedrying-sheds, and there haired up, as distinguished from the water-brick or mudbrick, so called, which must be rst spread in layers upon the ground, and then dried to aertain extent,

before being piled together, which latter manufacture is therefore dependent upon the weather, and is consequently an uncertain and hazardous process. y

VThe bricks in my machine being formed in smooth metallic moulds, and entirely by machinery, are perfect and uniform in shape and composition, and the whole process can be carried on without regard to rain or drought, I

und is therefore made a'certain and constant manufacture during the'brick-making season.

Said machine consists of e, strong supporting-framework, of timber; two iron rolls, which revolve at different rates of speed; a table,which contains a s'et of metallic moulds, and has a. reciprocating rectilinear motion beneath the rolls; two straight-edged steel bars, so placed as to act upon the rolls and the upper surface of the tableas scrapers, and a curved sheetof metal, the lower edge of which finishes the upper side of the brick; a set of metallic plungers or pistons, which move up and down in the several moulds, being actuated by small wheels or followers moving upon or in reference vto a anged track, the surface of which is so formed as'to Voperate the plungers Vwhen the'table is' moved backward and forward; and, nnlly, a gatefbywhi'ch the moulded brick are deposited upon carrying-boards, on which they are removed to the drying-sheds and piled together, to remain until stacked in the kiln.

The minor parts which are appurtenant to the main partsalready detailed, are few and simple'.

Thetwo rollsare made of different diameters, and serve the doublepurpose ofthoroughly grinding and working the clay and `sa'ndof which the brick are made, and also of pressing the prepared material into the mouldsbeneath. If the clay is-of a refractory kind, a third supplementary roll may be used above the smaller of theother two, so'that the clay and sand may be made to pass between this third roll and the larger one before they'pass between the latter and the second roll.

The clay and sand m'ay be shovel-led into the top of the machine as dug from the ground, unless the clay is I too wet, in which caseit may be allowed to drain before using. v

The table is operated directly from thes'haft or gears of the main roll, and the whole apparatus is rendered simplevand durable by the small number of parts, and their relative arrangement and operation.

The construction oi' my invention is as follows:

The framework consists of the long sills S S and cross-sills S', posts H Hl H2, on each side, stringers I I,

and cross-pieces I I', the whole strongly made of timbers thoroughly jointed toge'tther, and with the upper timbers bolted to the lower sills, if necessary, to resist the upward strain upon the rolls.

yend of the machine, except what is contained in the moulds.

A way, W, extends from the post I'I'to H2, on each side of the machine, upon `which the table slides.

The larger roll A is cylindricahand its shaft issupportcd in bearings attached to the stringers I. The shaft of the other rollB, also a perfect cylinder, turns in bearings set in the posts Hl, and the two rolls are so set that the under faces are at the same distance from thevfaee of the table.

Similar gear-whecls G G- are keyed on each end of the shaft oi A, one ot which receives power from the small driving-gear g, while theothcr engages with the smaller gear-wheel Gr on the shaftof the roll B, and thus imparts to it a quicker motion than that'of A. Bythe unequal speed of 'the two rolls, afgrinding as well as a.

crushing and mixing effect upon the clay and sand is produced. The rolls are so set'thatwhen the faces are at the nearest point of approach, a sufficient space is left for thepreparcd'clay to passthrough in proper quantities to supply the moulds beneath. The faces of the rolls are made smooth, and the rolls themselves may bc made hollow, as shown, with supporting spiders extending inward to the shaft.v

If the toughness of the particularclay used requires the application of athird roll, its bearings would be attached to the upper stringers I, and the clay would be passed between thelatter rll and A before passing down between A and B. d

The table is formed of two side pieces K, connected'by girts, and having that part which passes beneath the rolls composed of a plane-plate, K', and a. mould-bed, PM As the downward pressure upon the table in a full-sized machine is considerable, the table will be east`entire, with the exception ofthe mould-bed, which should be made in a separato piece, for the purpose ot renewing it, or substituting moulds of dierent size. Alseries ot' similar rectangular openings is formed in the mould-bed, which'constitute'thc sides of the moulds, and tho f bed is made otiron, or, by preference, of brass, or other non-corrosive metal.

The side piece K projects' beyond `the closed part of the table, to f'dzmr the supports g. h, upon which the carrying-bonrds b are placed to receive the brick.

Strips k, fastened to the sidepieces K, support thc table on the ways W, and', if-necessary?, friction-rollers may be interposed, to make the traversof-the table easier.

A reciprocating rectilinear motion is imparted to the table by the crank-rods F F, which arel attached to v the main gears G G by the crank-pins a, and take hold of the rod'E running through the end ofthe table.

To keep the clay in its proper place beneath the rolls, I place the two bars J J', (by preference, of steel,) which are rectangular in transverse section, between the lower face of the rolls and the surface of the table. These bars, which I denominate lScrapers, are rigidly secured to the framework,lto resist Vthe pressure of the clay, and are set so that4 the scraping-edge of each will fall slightly back of the lowest point in the faces ofthe respective rolls, so as to scrape the surfaces more elfectually than if placed directlybcneath the cutters of the rolls. The lower faces of the bars are plane, so as t0\come in .close con'tac't with the planefacc of' the table.

Itis evident that "when the machine is'in operation, no clay can pass bcyendrthe scrapers towards either As the pressed clay in the mould tends to expand and rise after passing under .the scraper J', I place the curved metal plate C back of the roll A, its lower 'edge being made sharp, and faced-with steel for durability. ,When the moulds move beneath this edge, any clay which rises above the top o f the mould-bed will be shaved off by the lower edge of C, and the shavings will he carried around the roll A, and again mix with thel clay at the top, and be thus worked over.

The plunger P is fully'shown in fig. 5, the upper face being made to it closelythe moulds in the bed'P,

and the sides being carried down far enough to guide the plunger properly in its reciprocating movement.

Between the eax-spp, the wheel R is pivoted, and two thinner wheels r r turn in studs setin the respective ears. Theplungcr may be made of cast iron, and, for durability, the upperl surfaccrmay be faced with brass. v The track T is bolted to the cross-sills ot' the frame, and as many tracks are laid' as theinumber'ot' moulds o`r plungers. A flange projects on either sideof the upper face of the track, and this face is extended from t to t, in a line parallel with the face of the table, and.' thence rises atan anglekto t2, from which point 'it extends to the end at.t3, in a line parallel (when continued)vto t t1. The surface of thistrack may be`varied, so as to cause theiplunger to rise slightly when passing beneath the edge of the shaving-plate C. The plunger rides upon this track, and is made to follow the surface by-the rollers r r below the flanges.

When the moulddied is' between the Scrapers,v the plunger will be depressed to its lowest point, and at this time the cla-y will be pressed. into. the moulds. Aft-erl the moulds passou'tward under the edge of C, the plunger begins to rise, the wheel R mounting on the inclined track t1 t2, and when the wheel reaches the level part, t2 t3, the 'face of thciplungeris even with the upper face of the mould-hed, and the brick is completely out of the mould.

To prevent the brick thus raised from passing back into the machine with the table, a gate, Inlis provided, to the ends of which tho straps o o are pivoted, these straps boing in turn pivoted to the lcvcrso o"`on the'ends of the rock-shaft N. A trippingjlever, O, rigidly fastened to this rock-shai`t, is carried back with every outward motion of the table by the pinj set the sidc of the piece K. As it is moved back, the rock-shaft N is turned, and the gate is raised, so -ns to allow the `moulded brick to pass out beneath. The pin 7' is so set that when the brick have passed a certain point, the pin slides over the tripping-lever, and allows the latter to fall back to its original position against a small spring, and the gate is thus allowed to descend behind the brick, and prevent their return into the machine. As the table moves back, it slides beneath the brickuntil they are deposited on the carrying-board b. The pin j then crowds the lever O against thc spring until-it passes over it, andthe gate is then ready to be'raised again when the table next moves outward. Other mechanical devices may be applied for operating the gate, with the same effect of preventing the return ofthe brick into the machine.

In the foregoing description of the-nature and construction of my invention, the methodvof its operation has been mostly set forth. It will be seen, however, that the extreme point of the traverse of one edge of the mould-bed is to the edge of the scraper J, and it is, by the joint action of the two rolls, that the mould is per- .fectly filled. It' only one roll is used, the endwof the mould farthest from the'roll would be iled, while the end of the brick nearest the roll would be left imperfect, but the double pressure from the two rolls fills both ends of the mould perfectly, and produces u perfect brick, which is'completely filled out as to its angles and surface, und isuniform in composition throughout.

Having described my invention,wha.t Iclaim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.-E

1. The rolls A and B, of different diameters, and in combin'tion with the Scrapers J J' and the vibrating table, having ereciprocating rectilinear .motiornwith or without the curved plete C, when operating,subst/autinlly es described.` v

2. In eombinntion with table, having a. reciprocating rectilinear motion, as described, a. gate, L, for preventing the return of themoulded brick into the machine, and for depositing the same upon the eerrying-board b, substantially as specified.

3. The combination and arrangement of the'mould-bed P and vibrating table having a reciprocating rectilinear motion, rolls Aend B, Scrapers J and J and plate C, plungers P and tracks T, and the gate L, the whole nrrnnged and operating. substantially as described.

Iny witness whereof, Ihave hereuntov set my hand, this twenty-eighth day of May, A. D. 1868.

. WM. H. HOVEY.

Witnesses:

J.' P.- B'UCKLAND,. E. J. SOMMER.'

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