US814134A - Composite structure. - Google Patents

Description

l No. 814,134. PATENTED MAR. 6,l 1906.

J. H. Hoon.

COMPOSITE STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1;

PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906. J. H. HOOD.

COMPOSITE STRUCTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED PEB. 17, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F1 @.3 FI I3 3 JANE SHR-nun 22j ma! FIG 7 UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

No.s14,134.

i Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 6, 1906.

Application filed February 17. 1905i Serial No. 246,150.

To aZ whom Lf/may concern: Beit known that I, JAMES H. Hoon, a citizen -ofthe United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Sangamon and State of Illinois, have invented 'certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Structures,

of which the following is such a full, clear, and

exact description, as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use myv said invention.

My invention relates to structures, such as buildings, made partlyjof wood and partly of cement blocks.

The purposes of my inventionare to provide a structure com risin interlocking building-blocks, referably o cement, connected with suita le framework and adapted to ive great stability to the structure, with anc ors of improved construction adapted to anchor the blocks to the framework.

With these ends in view my invention consists in the novel features of construction and combinations of parts shown in the annexed drawings and hereinafter particularly described, and finally recited in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, in which simi'lar reference-letters designate like parts in the several views, Figure 1 is an isometric proj ection of a part of a building embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial vertical section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3

is an isometric projection of a corner-block and shows anchors in position on the block. Figs. 4 and 5 are isometric projections of slightly-modified forms of block; and Figs. 6, 7, and `8 are enlarged isometric projections of j anchors of different forms, but all having a -member lying lengthwise of theblock and a side member extending transversely of the block anld connectible to the studding to pull transversely on the studding.

Studdings A are secured in a Vertical position at suitable distances apart on horizontal sills A. Lath A2 is secured to the studdin and is covered with plaster A3 in the usua manner.

'lhe cement blocks B, B', B2, and B3 are cast in the usual manner in molds of suitable form. The blocks are strengthened by longitudinal rods I), embedded in the cement and connected by a network of Wires b', as shown in Fig. 2. The tops and bottoms of the blocks have longitudinal ribs b2 and corresponding longitudinal channels b3. b" of one block matches the channel b3 of the complemental block. In the drawings I The rib have shown two forms of ribs b2 and two forms of corresponding channels b3; but a great variety of sorms of ribs and channels which will readily occur to those skilled in the art may be used without departure from my invention.

I have illustrated two forms of blocks B and B.A The forms of the blocks are such that when the blocks are in place in the Wall the ends of the blocks interlock so as to bind the blocks firmly together. Furthermore, the forms of the interlocking ends are such as to make zigza or circuitous joints between the blocks wel adapted to retain the mortar and also adapted to prevent air or water from being driven through the joints in case any of the joints are imperfectly filled with mortar. As a means for connecting the blocks with the studding I employ anchors, which are embedded in the mortar in the oints between the blocks and are secured to the 'studding. In the drawings I have shown five different forms of anchors D D and D2, D3, and D4. The anchor D is of wire bent, as shown, to form two parallel members joined by an integral cross-bar d and having V-shaped the blocks B B', &c. The anc ors are connected with the studding by nails d3 orI equivalent securing devices 'to pull transversely on the studding, and the ends of the members d are twisted around the securing devices substantially as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, or the ends'of the anchor may be. twisted together at one corner of the studding,'as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The anchors Dl have a V-shaped part d, iitting over the ribs of the blocks, and the Wire is bent to form at one end of the anchor a U-shaped part d5, which is embedded in mortar along the entire length of both of its members, as hereinafter explained. The anchor D2 consists of a single wire bent in rectangular form to fit around short rectangular ribs b2, Figs. 6 and 7 and around the studding. A and having its ends twisted together at .one corner IOO of the studding,-as at d8, Fig. 1. The anchor D3 has its side members connected byv a crossbar d9 integral with the side members. The side members have parts dl, bent to fit over the rectangular ribs b2. The anchor D4 is exactly the same as the anchor D, except that instead of having a V shapcd part (I4, adapted to fit over a V-shaped rib it has a rectangular part do, adapted to fit over a rectangular rib. It will be observed that the anchor anchor D4.

D is practically the double oil the anchor D and the anchor D3 is practically the double of the The anchors of all of the different forms when in place in the wall lie across or around the ribs of the blocks, and the parts d, d5, d?, d0, and d of the anchors, respectively, are entirely embedded in the mortar in the joints between the blocks, and the mortar when it is set holds the anchors firmly, so that they cannot be pulled out.

In Fig. 9 I have shown a corner-block B4, which may be used with anchors oi any of the different forms.

In erecting a structure embodying my improvements, the sills A being in position, the corner posts Aty and studding A are secured in vertical position on the sills at suitable dis'- tances apart, the distance between the studding preferably being such that the vertical joints between the ends of every tier ofblocks will lie lengthwise of and central to the studdin When the iirst tier of blocks is set, the anc ors are placed in position on the blocks and secured on the studding. The mortar is then spread, and the next tier of the blocks is set and the anchors placedy thereon and secured, and so on as long as'the work continues. The lath and plaster are then applied in the usual manner.y

The practical advantages of the construction above set forth are that the structure does not re uire the use of sheathing. The end joints di the block are along the face of the studding, so that one tie may connect to one studding the adjacent ends of two blocks, and the form of the anchor and its connection with the studdin sile strength of t e anchor is effective in securing the blocks to the studding. The strain on the anchor isa tensile strain, and the pull of the anchor is transverse to the studding, so that there is no danger of pulling out the connection of the anchor with the studding; Comparatively thin cement blocks may be used, thereby cheapening the cost of producing the blocks, and by reason of the i htness of the blocks facilitating the hand in and permitting expeditious settin of the Inlocks. vThe blocksmay be secure in position as the work progresses without intererin with the setting of the mortar. When t e mortar hardens, the anchors are firmly held therein. The walls, being hollow,

are such that the full tenf eiaiae ing connected by an intermediate integral member lying lengthwise of said ribs, and

means Afor connectin both ends of said anchors with said stud ing to secure to a single tludlding the abutting ends of two adjacent oc rs.

2. A structure comprising stationary studl ding, blocks contacting with said studding and having ribs and complemental channels and dimensioned-to form end joints between said blocks along said studdingalternately,

anchors having side pieces extending across the ribs of said blocks, the side pieces of each anchor being connected by an intermediate member lying lengthwise of said bloc-k, `and means for connecting said anchors with said studding to secure to a single studdingthe abutting ends of two adjacent blocks the pull gf said anchors being transverse to said stud- 3, A structure comprising stationary studding, blocks contacting wlth said studding and having ribs and complemental channels y,and dimensioned to form end joints between said blocks along said studding alternately, anchors having side members extending across the ribs yot said blocks also having iiitermediate members connecting the side members of said anchors and lying lengthwise ofthe ribs of said blocks and means for connecting both side members of said anchors to ull transversely on said studding.

n witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name, at Springfield, Illinois, this `27th day of January,"1905.

JAMES H. HOUD.

Witnesses: 1

LYMAN L..BRowNE. W. J1 AURELIUS.

IOO

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