US810933A - Fabric containing haircloth. - Google Patents

Description

G. GOLDMAN. FABRIC GONTAINING HAIRGLOTH.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 4, 1903.

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PATENTED JAN. 30, 1906.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT OEEIOE.

Application filed December 4, 1903. Serial No. 183,823.

To a/ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, GUsTAv GOLDMAN, of

Baltimore, Maryland, have invented a new and useful Fabric Containing Haircloth, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

Heretofore haircloth hasbeen employed in a great variety of ways for stiffening garments and like uses, and while it has been found more or less efficient for the purposes for which it was used it is open to a number of serious objections, among which ma be mentioned its high cost, the liability o the ends of the hair in the cloth to protrude through the arment, and the necessity of resorting to bindings, tapes, &c., to hold the elastic haircloth in the desired shape and the skill re uisite to appl these parts so as to secure t e desired or tlsie best results.

The object of 'the present invention is to rovide a product which shall cost less than aircloth as now employed, be free from the v objections incident to haircloth, and in addi- 4 tion shall possess certain desirable ualities pot found in any haircloth now on t e mar- (et.

With these objects in view the invention consists in a fabric composed' of a body of fibers bound together in a coherentmatted or felted mass with a sheet of haircloth incorporated therewith. The haircloth emplcgfed may be one in which both the weft an the warp are of hair, or one of these may be hair and the other of cotton or other suitable fiber, asdesired, though the latter is preferred because of its greater cheapness. In fact, with this invention in the great majority of cases the amount of hair entering into the haircloth may be much less Athan what has heretofore been employed in the chealpest grades of such cloth, and as the hair is t e expensive factor in the manufacture of haircloth this saving in the amount of hair employed (which may be as great as fifty 1per cent.) reduces the oost of the fabric whic is the sub'ect of the resent invention much below t at of hairc oth, while at the same time producing a greatly superior fabric. The matted or elted mass may be of animal, vegetable, or mineral fibers or mixtures of these, and they are so disposed as to form a sheet of the matted or felted fibers with the haircloth incorporated therein,'the whole being so untedas to form a compact coherent mass-or sheet. In some instances the fibers are disposed so as to form a considerable Specification of Letters Patent.

' and the, fibers Patented Jan. so, 190e,

body or matted mass of fibers on both sides of the haircloth, the latter being preferably formed with large open meshes through which the fibers from the opposite sides pro- 'vect and intermingle and are firmly united or ound together in the manner hereinafter described or in any other suitable way. It is not essential,however, that there should be a thick mass of the fibers on both sides of the haircloth, as such mass may be upon one side only with the ends of the fibers projecting throughthe meshes of the cloth and united or bound to 'each other and to the haircloth. While in most cases the fibers will project through the meshes of the haircloth, it is not essentialthat this should be theA case, as in some instances and with some kinds of fibers the finished fabric is made without the fibers passing through the haircloth to any great extent. Any suitable method may be employed to unite thefibers to 'each other and to the haircloth.

film of fibers' in a loose fluff condition may have a sheet of haircloth laid thereon and 'a second layer of'fibers in like loose fluffy condition m'ay then be laid over the haircloth be then united to each other and to the haircloth by any suitable binding agent, as a sizing, or if the fibers are of a character which will permit of a felting action they may be felted in the usual or any desired way, thereby formi-ng `a sheet of felt with the haircloth incorporated therein. One method which has been found to be effective consists in laying down a thin Jrilm of the desired fibers in a light fluy condition, as the same come from the doffer of a carding-machine, for exand a binder of sizing or a resinate, as zinc resinate, in a dry finely-divided form is then dusted between and 'upon the fibers, after which the sheet or layer of haircloth is laid upon the film 4of fibers and more ofthe binder 1s then dusted thereon. Avsecond film of the fibers is then laid upon the haircloth ample,

and the dry finely-divided binder is dusted the fibersthereof and the between and upon whole then treated so as to convert the dry finely-divided binding material into an active binding agent, wherebythe fibers are united to each other and to the haircloth, so that the whole constitutes a matted mass of fibers effectively bound together with the haircloth incorporated therein. dure for converting the dry finely-divided binding material into an active .binding agent will vary somewhat with the nature of the voi The particular procethe bin -heatv and pressure, as b binder employed. I vThus if-sizing used as preferably 1n the form of steam, is introduced and the lwhole is then preferabl treated by su jecting I the brous lms with the hairc oth therebetween to the raction of heated rollers.- A convenient means of supplying the moisture, heat, and

. pressure consists 1n placing the mass of bers lO with the haircloth and the dry bindin material between moisture -carrying be ts and then assing the ers. he heat of the rollers converts the moisture of the belts into steam, which' enetrates'. the brou's mass, thereby supp ying the moisture'necessary as a solvent if sizing or its equivalent be used or the fusing heat requisite to convert the resinate or equivalent,

1f such be used, into an active binding agent.'

enthe sheet has issued from between the heated rollers, it will be found that the bers composing the twolmsor layers have been united to each other and to the haircloth, so as to form a matted `or felted mass with a sheet of haircloth incorporated therein.

As indicated above, the two lms of fibers with the haircloth therebetween may be treated by the usual or any suitable felting process instead of ursuing the method rst described. Thus they may be subjected to a rubbing process-in the presence of a suitable binder,as a soluble soap, and then passing through a xing solution, as an alum solution, after which the whole is again rubbed in a at form in the presence of heat and pressure. This latter method can only be ur- Sued when, the brous mass iseither in w ole or in art composed of animal bers,.since ve eta le 'or mineral bers alone will not The binder which is employed in either-of fabric to retain any shape into be ressed.

which it may agent some solvent, as moisture,

whole between heated roll,v

.and Fig. 3

the processes mentioned serves also A Vas a stiffener, which will cause the completed compact mass of bers-united as a whole and having a layer vof haircloth incorporated therein or secured thereto.

the accompanying drawings, whichillustrate the invention, are shown, in Figure 1, a cross-section,v and .in Fig. 2 a plan, of the two fibrous lms with the haircloth between them, the bers being in the .loose uffy condition before they have been treated to unite them into a matted or l'elted mass; is a cross-section of the finished fabricwith the matted mass on both sides of the haircloth. Fig. 4 is a cross-section showing the mass of loose ufy bers on but one lside of the haircloth, and Fig. 5 is a view of Fig. 4 after the `same has been treated c to form the completed fabric.

'In said ures, 1 is the lower,and 2 the upper, film or ayer ofbers, and 3 is the sheet of haircloth between said lms. In Figs. 4 and 5 the haircloth is laid upon the brous layer 1 and the upper .layer 2 1s omitted.

'le processes of making the fabric hereinv claimed have been described. above, 'such processes are not claimed in the present application, as they form the vSubject-matter of two other a plications of even date herewith.

Havin t is claime is- Asheet of hair'cloth combined with a' mass of matted .or felted bers some of which pro.- ject throu h themeshes of the cloth, and a waterproo binder uniting the haircloth and bers together. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification ing Witnesses.

GUSTAV GOLDMAN.

I ,Witnessesz ARTHUR LEE BRoWNE. l.FRANCIS T. HOMER.

us described the invention, what the presence ofA two subscrib--

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