US780907A - Calculating-machine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTBD JAN. 24, 1905. E. GGUMPAUGH, JR. GALGULATING MACHINE.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

APPLIUATION FILED HAY l0, 1904.

ftorumgs web b No. 780,907. PATENTED JAN. 24, 1905.

E. OGUMPAUGH, JB.

GALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FLED KAY 10, 1904.V

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 780,907. PATIEINTED JAN. 24:, 1905. E. OCUMPAUGH, JB.. CALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLIOATIOE FILED HAY 10, 1904.

a sHEBTs-SHBBT a.

UNITED STATES Patented January 24, 1905.

PATENT EErcE.

CALCULATlNG-NIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 780,907, dated January 24:, 1905.

Application filed May 10,1904. Serial NoL 207,232.

.To all wha/vt it muy] con/cern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND OGUMPAUGH, J r., a citizen of the United States, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating Machines; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to calculating-machines,more particularly for calculating wages or interest; and the objects of the invention are to improve the compactness of construction of such mechanism with simplicity of parts and cheapness of manufacture, thereby obviating many of the objections which have heretofore been found in mechanisms of this class.

Further objects of the invention are to provide a mechanism which will afford provision for utilizing both faces of the case for the purpose of calculations, whereby a greater range of calculations may be obtained, and thus greatly enhance the value of the instrument.

To the accomplishment of these objects and such others as may hereinafter appear the. invention consists of a calculating-machine embodying the novel features of construction, combination of elements, and arrangement of parts having the general mode of operation, substantially as hereinafter described,and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Vhile the essential and characteristic features of the invention are susceptible of modification, still the preferred embodiment thereof is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein corresponding and like parts are indicated in all the Views by the same reference characters, and in which- Figure 1 shows a plan view of the front face of the assembled mechanism with the casecovers partly broken away, so as to disclose the rollers or drums and the webs or sheets wound thereon. Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the rear face of the assembled mechanism similarly broken away, as in Fig. l. Fig. 3 shows a sectional'view through the upper end of the casing, Fig. 1, disclosing ameans for driving the rollers. Fig. a shows a portion of one of the webs or sheets to be wound about the rollers having' figures on beth sides thereof. Fig. 5 shows a modification, enlarged, which provides means for guiding the bands in close proximity to the slots through which the figures thereon are read. Fig.' G shows another modification,using two rollers instead of three. Fig. 7 shows the central portion of thc webbing when used in one piece on three rollers. Fig. 8 shows an elevational view of a modified form of operating-gear, and Fig. Qshows a plan view of Eig. 8 with a portion of the casing broken away.

Referring to thedrawings1 represents asuitable casing in which are conveniently mounted on axles or studs wg/ .2', journaled in the easing, a plurality of rollers or drums-in the preferred construction three, designated by A, B, and Omand on which are wound the webbing containing tables of figures from which the calculations are made, as hereinafter fully described. One form of making the webbing for a three-drum calculator is in two portions,

as indicated by e and f, Eig. 5, each being provided with columns of figures forming the tables above mentioned, the web e having such columns of figures on both sides thereof andthe web f on only one side, one of said three series of figures being' used on each of said rollers or drums; but, if desired, the tables used in the calculations may be made on a single sheet of webbing e', one portion of its length. having markings on both sides and the other portion having markings on one side only, as shown more particularly by Fig. 7. In the construction using two webs or sheets of figures the manner of winding and fastening the same on the drums or rollers is as follows, (referring to Fig. 5:) One web, e, has one end clamped in a slot a', eX- tending longitudinally of the drum A, by any suitable or convenient means, as a rod a, wedged closely therein and upon said web, and is then wound clockwise on said drum and the other end lcd across the top of drum A and downwardly between drums A and B and is preferably clamped in aslot Ab in drum B by a rod fg in asimilar manner, vas already described for the end, as drum A. Similarly,

one end of the other web, f, is secured by a rod c" in a slot c of the drum C and after being wound clockwise on said drum is led across the bottom thereof and its other end secured to drum B in a similar manner, and preferably at the same point with the end of web a. Such a winding will bring the markings on the web f about the drum C and the marking on the two sides of the web e about the two rollers A and B, to be read on opposite sides thereof.

Then but a single piece of webbing c is used, a similar winding to that above described is made, and when the webbing has been drawn taut across drum B a portion at substantially the center of its length is forced into the slot 7) by the rod 7;. (See Fig. 7.)

The preferable means for operating consists of providing each of the drums A B C with gearing, as shown at a bc, respectively, mounted on one end of each of the axles or studs m y s, and the drums are so spaced apart as to provide for the proper intermeshing of said gears, whereby a movement of one will at the same time drive the others. A convenient means of applying power is aordcd by the nipulation of a suitable knob or handle, which may be mounted on one of the axles or studs, as y, either upon the outside, Figs. l and 2, or inside, Figs. 8 and 9, of the casingl, as may be desired. 1n Figs. l and Qthe axleg/ is shown as extending outside the casing, with a knurled wheel g acting as an operating-handle mounted on the end thereof. In Figs. 8 and 9 the axle 1/ does not extend beyond the casing; but a slot or recess t/ is cut therein, and a knurled wheel gf of sufficient diameter to project beyond the easing-faces is fitted therein, thus leaving` a smooth outer surface to the casing and at the same time forming a handy and efficient operating-handle. It will be readily seen that by turning the operating-handle all of the rollers and the webs carried thereby are turned so as to bring successive portions thereof in view on the outside portions of said rollers. To take up any lost motion and to prevent the webbing from leaving the position in which it is desired to place it by reason of its own inherent spring from being tightly wound, the preferable means employed is a spring' /t of any suitable and convenient form, which is suitably secured by one end to the casing Z, as at i, and placed in position to bear outwardly upon the handle, and thus prevent it from turning beyond the desired point.

Cn each side of each face of the casingZ are placed grooves or guideways in which are adapted to be placed scale or index cards m and n, secured in said grooves and protected from wear by a slide of any suitable transparent material, as celluloid, mica, glass, or the like, as indicated by o. The index-cards m and w when used to calculate wages are each provided with longitudinally-extending rows of figures, as follows: On each side of a slot n', preferably arranged centrally in the card rz. in order to coincide with drum B, are arranged eolumns of figures indicating an amount of pay per week covering the range as ordinarily used by business concerns and the amount per day, hou r` and half-hour at the rate of nine hours per day, or fi fty-four hours per week. Similarly index-card m is arranged with columns of figures indicatingan amount of pay per week similar to that on card fn, Khaving, preferably, between them a column indicating the amount per day, and preferably outside thereof in order to coincide with drums A and C are slots fm. and m and further columns indicating the amount due per hour and half-hour at the rate of eight and ten hours per day, or forty-eight and sixty hours per week. The slots on these index-cards, as above indicated, are so located as to register with the longitudinal axes of the drums A, B, and C, so that the markings on the webbing passing over the drums may be easily read through the slots. Itis of course understood that the use of eight, nine, and ten hours per day labor is merely arbitrary, and the indexcards may be marked and arranged for any number of hours as may be selected as convenient or necessary.

As above noted, the webs or sheets may be used for various calculations; but fl will here describe their markings when used for calculating wages in combination with the indexcards as above set forth. For such calculation the webbing is preferably provided with a series of columns of figures from "1 to 48 and l to 5A on the two sides of web e and from l to GO on one side of webf when made in two portions and when made of a single sheet with columns of figures from l to 60 and from 1to 54e on opposite end of one side and from l to 48 on one end of the reverse side. (See Fig. 7.) Each of these columns is preferably headed by a numeral in heavy type or printed in different-colored ink from the remainder of the figures. Below each of these heavy figures, which indicate the number of hours per week the workman has actually put in, are placed columns of figures indicating the amount to be received for such hours of labor at the rate per week as indicated by the indexcard at which they are found opposite as the drum is turned.

The operation of the device may now be described as follows: To figure up the amount due a workman in any given week', it is only necessary to know how many hours he has worked, his rate per week or per hour, and the number of hours per day which make for him a full days work. Say his regular time is eight hours per day at twenty-four dollars per week, or fifty cents per hour, and he has worked in all forty hours during the week. Then by turning the operating-liandle so that the heavy type-numeral 40 appears at the IOO IIO

IIS

head of the slot m opposite $24.00 in the column indicating the pay per week, or 50 cents, indicating the pay per hour, will be found $20.00, the amount due him on such basis for his forty hours work, (see Fig. 1,) and so for any amount for a given time within the range of the figures printed on the webs and the scale or index cards.

It should of course be understood that the arrangement of scale or index cards and transparent holders therefor is only one of many arrangements that may be used-as, for instance, the columns of figures on the indexcards may be placed directly on the transparent material, the same being darkened by any well-known means, as by tinting with pigment, except for a portion corresponding to the slots hereinbefore mentioned, as may be seen by reference to Figs. l and 2.

It may be found convenient to bring the webs nearer to the slots through which the calculated amounts of pay are read and to stretch the web taut, and to this end I may arrange small slats or guides` as shown at p, Fig. just below the slots, and provided with curved surfaces, so that the webs may readily slide over them; but, as a rule, these slats or guides are not found necessary, the webs lying tightly on the rollers or drums, as shown by Fig. 3, and are easily read while in such position.

The modification shown in Fig. 6 discloses the use of two rollers or drums A and B instead of three, connected by a single piece of webbing f', having its ends wound clockwise on said drums and having markings for calculations on both sides. By this arrangement the range of calculation is cut down by onethird; but the efficiency within the range remaining is not altered, and the principle and construction being the same as that already described it is not deemed necessary to more fully explain the same.

Vhile the invention has been described with particular reference to the details of construction, it should be understood that the same is not limited thereto, as many and various changes, alterations, and substitutions may be made therein and still fall within its scope and principle; but

Vhat I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In acalculating-machine the combination with at least three web-holding rollers, of a suitable casing therefor provided with slots adapted to register with said rollers, means for operating said rollers, and webbing marked on both sides on one portion and on one side only on ano-ther portion mounted on said rollers in such manner that calculations may be made from each marked portion through said slots, substantially as described.

2. Inacalculating-machine the combination with at least three web-holding rollers, of a suitable casing therefor provided with slots adapted to register with said rollers, gearing connecting said rollers, means for operating said gearing, and webbing marked on both sides on one portion and on one side only on another portion mounted on said rollers in such manner that calculations may be made from each marked portion through said slots, sul stantially as described.

3. In a calculating-machine,the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, of at least three web holding rollers journaled therein, means for operating said rollers, and webbing marked on both sides on one portion and on one side only on another portion mounted on said rollers, in such manner that calculations may be made from each marked portion and from both open sides of said easing, substantially as described.

4. In a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, of at least three web holding rollers journaled therein, gearing connecting said rollers, a handle for operating said gearing, and webbing' marked on both sides on one portion and one side only on another portion, mounted on said rollers in such manner that calculations may be made from each marked portion and from both open sides of said easing, substantially as described.

5. In a calculating-machine the combination with asuitable casing open on two sides, of at least three web holding rollers journaled therein, means for operating said rollers, webbing marked on both sides on one portion and on one side only on another portion mounted on said rollers in such manner that calculations may be made from each marked portion and from both open sides of said casing, and guides for holding said webbing in proximity to said open sides, substantially as described.

6. In a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, of at least three web -holding rollers liournaled therein, means for operating said rollers, slotted slides mounted over said open sides suitably scaled and indexed, and webbing marked on both sides on one portion and on one side only on another portion, mounted on said rollers in such manner that calculations may be made from each marked portion and from both open sides of said casing through the slots in said slides, substantially as described.

7. In a calculating-machine,the combination with three web-holding rollers, of a suitable easing therefor provided with slots adapted to register with said rollers, means for operating said rollers, webbing' having the outer portions secured to the outer rollers and the central portion to the inner roller, and marking on said webbing so that calculations may be made through each of said slots, substantially as described.

8. In a calculating-machine the combination with three web-holding rollers, of a suitable casing therefor provided with slots adapted to IOS I'Io

IZS

register with said rollers, means for operatingsaid rollers, webbing having the outer portions wound on the outer rollers and the central portion secured to the inner roller, and having markings on both sides on one portion and on one side only on another portion whereby calculations may be made from each marked portion through said slots, substantially as described.

9. In acalculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, oi' three web-holding rollers journaled therein, means for operating' said rollers, webbing having the outer portions secured to the outer rollers and the central portion to the inner roller, and marking' on said webbing so that calculations may be made from both open sides otl said casing, substantially as described.

10. In a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, otl three web-holding rollers journaled therein, means for operating said rollers, and webbing having the outer' portions wound clockwise on the outer rollers and the central portion secured tothe inner roller and having markings on one side only on one portion and on both sides on another portion, whereby calculations may be made from both open sides ot' said casing, substantially as described.

11. In a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing' open on two sides, of three web-holding rollers journaled therein, means for operating said rollers, a web wound clockwise on one outer roller, a second web wound clockwise on the other outer roller, the free ends of said webs both secured to theinner roller, and markings on said webs so that calculations may be made from both open sides ot' said casing', substantially as described.

12. ln a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, of three web-holding rollers journaled therein, means for operating said rollers, a web wound clockwise on one outer roller, a second web wound clockwise on the other outer roller, the free ends of said webs both secured to theinner roller at the same point, and markings on said webs so that calculations may be made from both open sides of said casing, substantially as described.

13. ln a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, of three web-holding rollers journaled therein, gearing connecting said rollers, an operating-handle mounted on one of said rollers, a web wound clockwise on one outer roller, a second web wound clockwise on the other `outer roller, the iree ends ot' said webs both secured to the inner roller, and markings on said webs so that calculations may be made from both open sides et' said casing', substantially as described.

14. In a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, of three web-holding rollers journaled therein,

gearing connecting said rollers, means for operating' and means for takingl up lost motion in said gearing, a web wound clockwise on one outer roller, a second web wound clockwise on the other outer roller, the free ends et' said webs both secured to the inner roller, and markings on said webs so that calculations may be made from both open sides ol said casing, substantially as described.

15. In a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable easing open on two sides, of three web-holding rollersjournaled therein, means tor operating said rollers, a web wound clockwise on one outer roller, a second web wound clockwise on the other outer roller, the free ends ot' said webs both secured to the inner roller, markings in said webs so that calculations may be made from both open sides ot' said casing, and guides for holdingI the webs in proximity to said open sides, substantially as described.

16. ln a calculatiiig-machine the combination with a suitable casing'open on two sides, of three web-holding rollers journaled therein gearing' connecting said rollers, means Vfor operatingI and means for taking up lost motion in said gearing', a web wound clockwise on one outer roller, a second web wound clockwise on the other outer roller, the liree ends ot' said webs both secured tothe inner roller, markings on said webs so that calculations may be made from both open sides of the casing', and guides for holding the webs in proximity to said open sides, substantially as described.

17. ln a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, of three web-holding rollers journaled therein, means for operating said rollers, slotted slides mounted over said open sides suitably scaled or indexed, a web wound clockwise on one outer roller, a second web wound clockwise on the other outer roller, the iiree ends ot said webs both secured to the inner roller, and markings on said webs so that calculations niay be iliade from both open sides otl said casing' through the slots in said slides, substantially as described.

18. ln a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, of three web-holding rollers journaled therein, gearing connecting said rollers, means for operating said gearing, slotted slides mounted over said open sides suitably scaled or indexed, a web wound clockwise on one outer roller, a second web wound clockwise on the other outer roller, the free ends of said webs both secured to the inner roller, and markings on said webs so that calculations may be made from both open sides of said casing through the slots in said slides, substantially as described.

19. In a calculating-machine the combination with a suitable casing open on two sides, Ot' three web-holding rollers journaled there- IOO in, gearing connecting said rollers, means for l slots in said slides, and guides for holding the I0 operating said gearing, slotted slides mounted Webs in proximity to said slots, substantially over said open sides suitably sealed or indexed, as described.

a web Wound clockwise on one outer roller, a In testimony whereof I aix my signature in second web Wound clockwise on the other presence of two Witnesses.

outer roller, the free ends of said Webs both EDMUND OCUMPAUGH, JR. secured to the inner roller, markings on said Witnesses: Webs so that calculations may be made from A. MERKEL,

both open sides of said easing through the E. M. VVETTS.

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