US862232A - Calculating device. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTED AUG. 6, 1907.

G. Hf BENEDIGT. CALGULATING DEVICE. APPLIUATIUN FILED rms. 2o, 1905.

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PATENTED AUG. 6

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APPLIOATION FILED FEB 20, 1905 UNITED STATES GEORGE H. BENEDICT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CALCULATING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 6, 1907.

Application filed February 20,1905. Serial No. 246,413.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. BENEDICT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating Devices, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to calculating devices for various purposes but more-particularly to a device for calculating or computing wages and it has for its primary obj ect to provide for this purpose a device which shall be simple and compact and of maximum capacity.

With a View to the attainment of these ,ends and the accomplishment of certain otherobjects, which will hereinafter appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of partswhich will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings `and then more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the said drawings-Figure l is a development of an example of a chart and scale Aused in connection with and constituting a part of my invention. Fig. 2 is a iront elevation ofthe complete device. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section thereor on the line 3, 3 Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line 4, 4 Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is an exaggerated detail section taken in the same plane as Fig; 4.

In the chart or scale represented in Fig. 1,.I have have computed the wages to be paid for any number of whole hours from l to 48 at the rate of hom $4.00 to $30.00 per week on`the basis of an eight hour day and i the rate per week in each instance being an even number of dollars. The horizontal line of figures 1 represent the rates ot Wages per week or given time and the vertical column of figures 2 represent the hours or iractions of said given time, While the :figures 3 arranged in vertical columns and horizontal lines, and which as will be seen, are also arranged in vertical series with the wage rates in the line 1 and in horizontal series with the figures in the column 2, represent the amounts due for the said fractions of time with which they are in horizontal series at the Wage rate with which they are in vertical series. Thus for example, the number ten or ten cents occurring in the first horizontal line under $5.00 in the second column represents the amount of wages due for one hour at the rate of $51.00 per week, fractions of a cent being ignored in every instance.

It is quite evident that should it be desired to compute the amount of wages due for fractions of hours as well as hours and to arrange the numbers representing such fractions of hours immediately contiguous to cach of the numbers representing the whole hours and place opposite these fractions of hours the amounts of wages due for each number of Whole and fractional vhours would multiply the size of this chart or scale manifold and in fact to such a degree as to make it practically impossible to use the chart or scale as a single element in a computing or calculating machine; and to provide for fractions of dollars in addition to the whole dollars, as for example, $4.25 per week, $4.50 per week, $4.75 per week and so on and to place the computed amounts opposite these various rates of wages would still further multiply the size of the scale or chart. In order that this enlargement of the chart or scale may be avoided and at'the same time provision made for readily computing or calculating the amounts due for fractions of an hour as well as for whole hours and the amounts due for a given time Whether a whole or a fractional hour, at a rateV ofwages ranging from a comparatively small fraction of a dollar to a whole dollar and throughout a comparatively/wide range of whole dollar rates, I have devised an arrangement to be used in connection with the chart or scale thus far described and which will now be explained. I

On the left of the time column 2, it will be seen, I have placed three columns of figures 4, 5, 6, the figures of which are in horizontal series with the figures in the time column 2 and in vertical series with the wage rates 7, 8, 9, which are arranged in a horizontal line and represent rates of wages per week or given time, of a lower rate than the rates in line 1, and of course the numbers in columns 4, 5, 6 represent respectively the amounts due for the time indicated by the numbers in time column 2 with which they are in horizontal series at the wage rate, 7, 8 or 9 with which they are in vertical series. At the end of time column 2 I arrangel a column 10 containing figures representing fractions of the smallest period of time (one hour for example) represented in column 2 (these are, for example, 10 to 50 minutes) and opposite column 10 and in vertical series'with columns 4, 5, 6 I arrange additional columns ll, 12, 13 containing characters or figures representing the amounts due for the number of minutes with which they are in horizontal series at the wage rate 7, 8 or 9 with which they are in vertical series; while on the other side of column l0 and in vertical series with the wage rates respectively of line l, I arrange additional columns 14 containing' figures or characters representing the amounts due'for the number of minutes in` column 10 with which they are in horizontal series at the wage rate (in line l) with which Athey are in vertical series. i

In the use of the invention thus constructed and arranged a simple sum in addition is required to find the total of amounts due for either a length of time comj prising whole and `fractional hours or a rate of wages comprising Whole and fractional dollars, but even at that the invention affords a more ready reference than would be possible with prior means and arrangements. For example if it should be required to iind the amount due ior 24 hours and 40 minutes at the rate of $8.75 per week, the column containing $8.00 in line 1 is followed down to the line containing 24 hours` in column 2 where $4.00 will be found to be the amount due for the whole hours; then by following the horizontal line to the left until the 75 cents column or column 7 is reached the amount of 37 cents is found as the amount due for 24 hours at 7-5 cents per week; now by following down the column 3 containing $8.00 at the top tothe horizontal line containing 40 minutes in column 10,'the`amount of 11 cents is found as the amount due tor 40 minutes" work at $8.00 per week, and finally by consulting the figure on the left of and in horizontal series with the number 40 in the rate column 7 it is found that 40 minutes work at 75 cents per week amounts to 1 cent. Thus by simply adding $4.00, plus 37 cents, plus il cents, plus 1 cent is obtained $4.49 the total amount due for 24 hours and 40-n'1inutes work at the rate of $8.75 per week. By thus condensing the matter I am enabled to embody or incorporate it in a mechanical apparatus which I will now explain andwhich greatly facilitates its use. i

The chart or figures contained in the columns 3 and 14 and in the horizontal rate line `l are mounted or formed on a cylinder 15 in such a way that the rate line 1 will extend around the periphery and will be asnear to one end of the cylinder as practicable. The time columns 2 and l0, the fractional dollar rate line containing the rates 7, 8, 9 and the vertical columns 4, 5, 6,

ll, 12 and 13 are mounted or produced upon the outer` surface of a casing 16 which incloses the cylinder l5 and is provided with a longitudinal slot exposing the cylinder and the columns 2, 10, 3 and 14 from end to end or top to bottom while exposing `the numbers in the line l, one at a time, and this slot 17 is formed immediately contiguous to the right hand side 'of the time column 2 so that all the numbers or figures in horizontal series on the casing 16 will register respectively with the numbers or iigures in horizontal series on the cylini der 15 contained inthe columns 3,10 and 14. The casing 16, whose purpose is to mass all of the gures on the cylinder excepting those in a yy one of the columns 3, Y

10 and 14 and all but one oi the rate numbers in line l, is inclosed by a cylindrical shell 18, which is preferably composed of transparent material, such tor example as celluloid, and is secured to the casing 16 in any suitable way as by means of glue or cement in order to prevent the casing from rotating with the cylinder with which it is in contact. Secured on the ends ofthe cylinder are caps 19 which are formed with peripheral flanges 20 overlappingand encompassing the shell 18 and thereby constituting means of holding the shell and the casing 16 against longitudinal movement while permitting the cylinder 15 to befreely rotated. These caps 19 are attached in any suitable way to the cylinder, which latter may be, if desired, composed of paste board or other suitable material, and as aconvenient,

eiiicient and inexpensive means of thus attaching them vI strike up therefrom a number of tongues 2l which are pressed inwardly and have their points slightly turned into the material of the cylinder, which is preferably hollow as *shown in Figs. 3 and 4 for the. sake. of lightness and cheapness. These caps 19 may be further seceases Having thus described my invention what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a device for computing wages, the combination of a horizontal line of figures representing the rates of wages per givenvtime; a vertical column of figures representing fractions of said given time, iigures arranged in vertical series with said wage rates respectively and in horizontal series with said fractions of tirnerespectively and repre senting the `amounts due for the said fractions of time with which they are in horizontal series at the wage rate with which they are invertical series; a second time column of lligures arranged in vertical series with the 'rst said time column and representing still smaller fractions of said given time; figures arranged in vertical series with said wage rate iigures and in horizontal series with said smaller fractions of time and representing the amounts due for the fractions of time with which they are in horizontal series at the Wage rate with which they are in vertical `series both of said horizontal lines of figures and vertical columns of figures being relatively movable in a direction lengthwise of the horizontal line.

l 2. In a device for computing wages, the combination of a horizontal line of figures representing the rates of wages per given time; a vertical column of figures representing 'fractions of said given time; iigures arranged in vertical ,series with said wage rates respectively and in horizontal Eseries with said fractions of time respectively and repre- :se'nting the amountsdue for the saidfractions of time vwith which they are in horizontal series at the wage rate with which they are in vertical series; a second time :column of iigures arranged in vertical series with the rst saidtime column and representing still smaller fractions of said given time; figures arranged in vertical series with lsaid wage rate iigures and in horizontal series with said smaller fractions of time and representing the amounts due for the fractions of time with which theyare in horizontal series at the wage rate with which they are in vertical series; a horizontal series of figures representing lower wage rates than said iirst wage rates'and arranged at the side of said time column opposite that on which said rst wage rates are arranged; figures arranged in vertical series with said lower wage rates respectively and in horizontal series respectively with the figures in said time columns` and representing the amounts due for the time opposite them in the time columns at the wage rate with which they are in vertical series.

3. In a calculating device, the combination of a rotary. cylindrical body bearing iigures arranged in horizontal and vertical series, a slotted casing inclosing said body and bearing figures along the edge of said slot arranged in horlzontal series with the aforesaid horizontal series of figures and caps or end pieces secured on the ends of said body and having anges overlapping and embracing said casing, one of said' caps being rotatable with said body independently of said casing.

4. In a calculating device the combination of a cylindrlcal, rotary body bearing gures arranged in vertical and horizontal series, a slotted casing inclosing said both7 bearing figures arranged along the edge of the slot in horizontal series with the aforesaid iigures,'a transparent' shell lnclosing said casing and covering said slo,t and secured to the casing against relatively rotary movement, and means at the end of said rotary body whereby it may be rotated relatively to said casing and shell.

5. In a calculating device the combination of a hollow 145 cylindrical body bearing characters on its periphery, va *f casing incloslng said body ,and having a slot extending,r

longitudinally thereof and bearing characters along the edge of said slot, a shell inclosing said casing and through' which said slot and characters are visible, caps secured against the ends of said body and having anges overx lapping said shell and casing, and means passing. through said body for securing said caps together.

G. In a calculating device, the combination of a hollow cylindrical body having characters' on its periphery. a slotted casing,l inclosing said body and having characters along the edge of said slot, a transparent, cylindrical shell attached to and inclosin casing will be held against body,

g said casing whereby the rotary movement with the and caps fitted against the ends of the body and having outside flanges encompassing the ends of said shell and inside tongues gripped against the inner side of the l5 body.

GEORGE H. BENEDICT.

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