US7789252B2 - Wind turbine nacelle with integral service crane for accessing turbine components - Google Patents

Wind turbine nacelle with integral service crane for accessing turbine components Download PDF

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Publication number
US7789252B2
US7789252B2 US11/885,778 US88577807A US7789252B2 US 7789252 B2 US7789252 B2 US 7789252B2 US 88577807 A US88577807 A US 88577807A US 7789252 B2 US7789252 B2 US 7789252B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
crane
service
trolley
frame
pivot point
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Expired - Fee Related
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US11/885,778
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English (en)
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US20080245756A1 (en
Inventor
James G. P. Dehlsen
Rahul R. Yarala
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Clipper Windpower LLC
Raytheon Technologies Corp
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Clipper Windpower LLC
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Priority to US11/885,778 priority Critical patent/US7789252B2/en
Publication of US20080245756A1 publication Critical patent/US20080245756A1/en
Assigned to CLIPPER WINDPOWER, INC. reassignment CLIPPER WINDPOWER, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YARALA, RAHUL R., DEHLSEN, JAMES G. P.
Assigned to UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION reassignment UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CLIPPER WINDPOWER, INC.
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Publication of US7789252B2 publication Critical patent/US7789252B2/en
Assigned to UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION reassignment UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: CLIPPER WINDPOWER, INC.
Assigned to CLIPPER WINDPOWER, LLC reassignment CLIPPER WINDPOWER, LLC CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CLIPPER WINDPOWER, INC.
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C17/00—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/20—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures
    • B66C23/207—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures with supporting couples provided by wind turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/916—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure with provision for hoisting onto the structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to wind turbines housed in a nacelle atop a tall tower, and more particularly to an integrated service crane for accessing turbine components atop high towers.
  • the cost of wind-generated electricity has been dropping due to technological innovations and economies of scale.
  • the average turbine size is now approximately 1.5 MW with rotor diameters ranging from 70 to 85 m.
  • This class of turbines has on average a nacelle weight of 50 tons (generators, gear box and nacelle housing) and a rotor weight of approximately 35 tons.
  • manufacturers have been designing taller towers to take advantage of greater wind energy at higher levels above ground. Manufacturers are increasingly relying on 80 and 100 m tower designs, rather than the shorter towers used previously.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,955,025 discloses a method of raising a wind turbine tower wherein the nacelle and turbine generators housed in the nacelle are raised together, such that once the tower is raised the nacelle is at the top of the tower. It is possible using the method described therein to lower the tower and nacelle to replace the nacelle and turbine. However for routine maintenance or replacement of only one component, such as one generator, it is not cost effective to lower the entire nacelle. Only the defective component need be lowered.
  • the invention is concerned with a wind turbine service crane for lifting heavy turbine components onto the top of a very tall tower (80-100 m).
  • the service crane for a wind turbine comprises a movable main crane beam having a track for guidance of a trolley, a first frame comprising a hinge at a pivot point, wherein the crane beam is connected to the hinge such that a portion of the crane beam extends beyond the pivot point, a stationary beam which is connected with a distal end of the crane beam such that the crane beam can laterlly move along the stationary beam.
  • the service crane comprises a main crane beam having a track upon which a trolley can run.
  • a hinge is provided at a pivot point near a proximate end of the main beam, such that an aft portion of the beam extends beyond the pivot point to the exterior of the turbine, the hinge being supported by an aft frame attached to a floor of the nacelle and connected to the main beam.
  • a distal end of the main beam rests upon a forward beam, which is supported by a forward frame attached to the floor of the nacelle.
  • a lateral motion actuator operatively connected to the main beam moves the main beam back and forth along the forward beam.
  • the trolley includes a longitudinal motion actuator such that the trolley runs back and forth along the main beam.
  • the trolley In operation the trolley is moved to the interior of the turbine where a turbine component is attached to a hook that is lowered by cable from the trolley.
  • the trolley with the component on the hook is moved to the aft portion of the main beam, which extends beyond the turbine.
  • the hook is then lowered to ground so that the component can be serviced or replaced.
  • the on-board service crane comprises a service crane structure supporting the housing and provides housing access to the nacelle exterior, from the service level through a housing door.
  • the service crane enables servicing the upper end of a wind turbine tower without the need to mobilize a large crane.
  • the capacity of the service crane is comparable to the weights lifted.
  • the invention has the advantage that because the crane is an integral part of the nacelle it avoids the need to bring a ground level crane or special apparatus to the wind turbine site for accessing the components through removal of the nacelle top, in order to remove components and lower them down the ground for repair or replacement.
  • the invention has the advantage of lowering the cost of clean energy by reducing the maintenance and repair costs of wind turbines.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a crane within a nacelle for lifting turbine components to the nacelle located on the top of a tower;
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevation view of the nacelle shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a port side view of the nacelle shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective drawing showing the nacelle bed with the crane in the nacelle.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view illustrating a portion of the nacelle of FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a crane within a nacelle for lifting turbine components to the nacelle located on the top of a tower.
  • An on-board 2-ton capacity service crane is installed at the rear of the nacelle.
  • a hinged or roll down door at the rear of the nacelle allows for components to be lowered and service tools and other materials to be raised from the ground.
  • This crane allows for service of brakes, yaw motors, generators, gearbox pinion cartridges and other components. By avoiding the need to call out even a small service crane, the use of this on-board service crane is expected to produce a positive benefit to both scheduled and unscheduled maintenance costs.
  • FIG. 2 which is a front elevation view of the nacelle shown in FIG. 1 and to FIG. 3 , which is a port side view of the nacelle shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the service crane structure supports the sides and top surfaces of the nacelle. There is access to the wind turbine components from the service level of the nacelle to the exterior through a rear door, shown in FIG. 1 , and on the right-hand side of the drawing of FIG. 3 .
  • the nacelle is partially illustrated in FIG. 4 and is of a conventional “bathtub” shaped design.
  • the nacelle houses a turbine having four generators, 100 , 102 , 104 , 106 (schematically shown in FIG. 5 ), connected through a gearbox 108 to a main shaft 110 held in place by a main bearing 112 attached to the floor of the nacelle bathtub 114 .
  • the main shaft is connected to a rotor hub 116 , which conventionally has three rotor blades, 118 , 120 , and 122 , which are turned by wind.
  • the rotor blades turn the main shaft 110 , which moves gears in the gearbox 108 .
  • the gears turn the generators, which produce electricity from wind power.
  • the nacelle service crane includes a curved, stationary forward I-beam frame 124 attached to the main bearing 112 (as schematically shown in FIG. 5 ) and a linear, moveable I-beam crane rail 128 resting at a distal end 130 on the forward frame 124 by means of four rollers 134 , 136 , 138 , 140 .
  • One or more of the rollers are connected to a lateral motion main beam actuator 131 (as schematically shown in FIG. 5 ), such as a servomotor, which when actuated causes the main beam to move in a lateral direction.
  • a cable and pulley lateral motion actuator may achieve lateral motion.
  • the proximate end 142 of the crane rail 128 is attached via a hinge 144 to a stationary aft frame 146 mounted on the floor of the nacelle bathtub 114 .
  • the crane rail can rotate about the hinge axis 148 within the outer limits 150 , 152 set by the length of the forward frame upon which the distal end of the crane rail rests.
  • a lower portion 154 of the crane-rail I-beam acts as an overhead monorail upon which a trolley 156 runs.
  • the trolley is suspended from the overhead crane rail by means of four wheels 158 , 160 , 162 , and 164 , that straddle the crane rail I-beam.
  • One or more of the rollers are connected to a longitudinal motion trolley actuator 161 (schematically shown in FIG. 4 ), such as a servomotor, which when actuated causes the trolley to move in a longitudinal direction along the crane rail.
  • a cable and pulley longitudinal motion actuator may achieve longitudinal motion.
  • the trolley has a hook 166 that can be raised and lowered by a cable 168 and winch (not shown).
  • the hook can be attached to a component, such as one of the generators, for the purpose of transporting it to the proximate end of the crane rail, which is outside of the nacelle. Because the crane rail is moveable about the pivot point 148 , any one of the generators is accessible to the hook by moving the crane rail laterally.
  • a fairing 170 is mounted at the proximate end 142 of the crane rail. The fairing is shaped so as to reduce drag, which may induce yaw.
  • the winch mechanism is housed within the fairing, with the additional ability to operate the crane rail actuator to move the crane rail back and forth on the forward frame 124 and to operate the trolley actuator to move the trolley back-and-forth along the crane rail 128 .
  • the trolley is free to move past the aft frame 146 to the outside of the nacelle and into the fairing 170 , which is also outside of the nacelle. Once outside the nacelle the hook 166 with component attached can be lowered by the cable to ground level for servicing the component.
  • the nacelle is fitted with a hinged or roll-up door 171 , which is operated by a mechanism within the fairing to move the door out of the way to permit the trolley to exit the rear of the nacelle.
  • the FAA pod 172 pivots forward on a moveable arm 174 to permit access.
  • the crane support structural frame, the curved, stationary forward I-beam frame 124 , stationary aft frame 146 mounted to the nacelle bathtub 114 also serve as structural support for the sides and top of the nacelle turbine housing. The sides and top of the nacelle are not shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the crane structure allows for horizontal delivery of components to the exterior of the nacelle through the rear door 171 from which they are lowered to ground level.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
US11/885,778 2006-03-23 2007-02-21 Wind turbine nacelle with integral service crane for accessing turbine components Expired - Fee Related US7789252B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/885,778 US7789252B2 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-02-21 Wind turbine nacelle with integral service crane for accessing turbine components

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78584406P 2006-03-23 2006-03-23
PCT/IB2007/000420 WO2007107817A1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-02-21 Wind turbine nacelle with integral service crane for accessing turbine components
US11/885,778 US7789252B2 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-02-21 Wind turbine nacelle with integral service crane for accessing turbine components

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US20080245756A1 US20080245756A1 (en) 2008-10-09
US7789252B2 true US7789252B2 (en) 2010-09-07

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US (1) US7789252B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP1859165B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2009530541A (pt)
KR (1) KR100880275B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN101310107B (pt)
AT (1) ATE399265T1 (pt)
AU (1) AU2007228500A1 (pt)
BR (1) BRPI0702849A (pt)
CA (1) CA2598505C (pt)
DE (1) DE602007000027D1 (pt)
DK (1) DK1859165T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2309982T3 (pt)
NO (1) NO20074578L (pt)
PL (1) PL1859165T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT1859165E (pt)
WO (1) WO2007107817A1 (pt)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110182750A1 (en) * 2011-02-07 2011-07-28 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Access apparatus for a wind turbine and method of using same
US20110211955A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 Uffe Eriksen Wind turbine
US20120014775A1 (en) * 2010-02-10 2012-01-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Method for hoisting and lowering device in rotor head of wind turbine generator
US20130017086A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 Clipper Windpower, Inc. Visual inspection of turbine blades
WO2014020637A1 (en) 2012-07-31 2014-02-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Crane arrangement
US8910374B2 (en) 2012-10-04 2014-12-16 General Electric Company Service apparatus for turbomachine
US9651020B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2017-05-16 General Electric Company Portable crane for use in wind turbines

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WO2009155934A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-30 Vestas Wind Systems Us A nacelle travelling crane
KR101038641B1 (ko) 2008-09-01 2011-06-03 두산중공업 주식회사 풍력터빈설비의 유지 보수 시스템
KR101021333B1 (ko) 2008-09-01 2011-03-14 두산중공업 주식회사 풍력터빈의 나셀 냉각 시스템
DE102008047769B4 (de) 2008-09-17 2013-04-11 Suzlon Energy Gmbh Hubvorrichtung für eine Windturbine
DE102010043436A1 (de) * 2010-11-04 2012-05-10 Aloys Wobben Türverriegelung
EP2505541B1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2016-11-30 ALSTOM Renewable Technologies Wind turbine
US8500400B2 (en) * 2011-09-20 2013-08-06 General Electric Company Component handling system for use in wind turbines and methods of positioning a drive train component
JP2014190313A (ja) * 2013-03-28 2014-10-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 吊り上げ装置、風力発電装置および風力発電装置のメンテナンス方法
EP3139058B1 (en) * 2015-09-04 2018-01-10 S.B. Patent Holding ApS Servicing system and method for servicing a brake device of a brake system having a horizontally arranged brake disc
EP3705445A1 (en) * 2019-03-04 2020-09-09 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Overhead travelling crane assembly
EP3782950A1 (en) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-24 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Nacelle for a wind turbine
EP4150204B1 (en) * 2020-05-15 2024-04-24 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Nacelle for wind turbine and method for transferring components

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US1530337A (en) * 1922-03-20 1925-03-17 Algot A Wickland Cupola-charging machine
US2846081A (en) * 1955-02-07 1958-08-05 Vivian J Moore Boom loader for overhead crane
US3245551A (en) * 1964-04-15 1966-04-12 Adrianus E Q Van Hezik Climbing crane
US3952836A (en) * 1972-09-27 1976-04-27 Linden-Alimak Ab Construction hoist conveying system
US3960242A (en) * 1972-12-01 1976-06-01 Whiting Corporation Orbital service bridge
SU744095A1 (ru) * 1978-03-31 1980-06-30 Проектно-Конструкторское Бюро По Механизации Энергетического Строительства Подмости
FR2477611A2 (fr) * 1979-09-04 1981-09-11 Chainette Sa Atel Dispositif pour amener des charges, notamment materiaux de construction, d'un emplacement determine a un autre emplacement espaces en hauteur et lateralement
US4502527A (en) * 1981-02-17 1985-03-05 Amca International Corporation Single shop continuous casting facility
US4611440A (en) * 1982-09-20 1986-09-16 Ernest Kalve Walking dragline base frame and revolving frame construction
US4561551A (en) * 1983-07-15 1985-12-31 Doron Goussinsky Propulsion means for hoisting systems
SU1364599A1 (ru) * 1986-04-01 1988-01-07 Киевский Инженерно-Строительный Институт Башенный кран
SU1604722A1 (ru) * 1988-08-29 1990-11-07 В. В. Климов и Ю. Ф. Банков Устройство дл подъема и передачи грузов в проемы зданий
EP1284365A2 (de) 2001-08-14 2003-02-19 Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH Kran für eine Windkraftanlage
EP1291521A1 (en) 2001-09-06 2003-03-12 Turbowinds N.V./S.A. Wind turbine nacelle with moving crane
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EP1655261A1 (en) * 2004-10-08 2006-05-10 Gru Dalbe S.R.L. Wind deflector for cranes and crane provided with said wind deflector
DE102005025646A1 (de) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Voss, Uwe Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vornahme von Wartungs-, Reparatur- und Montagearbeiten an einer Gondel einer Windkraftanlage

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120014775A1 (en) * 2010-02-10 2012-01-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Method for hoisting and lowering device in rotor head of wind turbine generator
US8596614B2 (en) * 2010-02-10 2013-12-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Method for hoisting and lowering device in rotor head of wind turbine generator
US20110211955A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 Uffe Eriksen Wind turbine
US8721258B2 (en) 2010-02-26 2014-05-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wind turbine
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PT1859165E (pt) 2008-09-30
NO20074578L (no) 2007-09-10
KR100880275B1 (ko) 2009-01-28
AU2007228500A1 (en) 2007-09-27
WO2007107817A1 (en) 2007-09-27
US20080245756A1 (en) 2008-10-09
DK1859165T3 (da) 2008-10-06
EP1859165A1 (en) 2007-11-28
CN101310107A (zh) 2008-11-19
ATE399265T1 (de) 2008-07-15
ES2309982T3 (es) 2008-12-16
CN101310107B (zh) 2011-11-02
EP1859165B1 (en) 2008-06-25
KR20070115934A (ko) 2007-12-06
CA2598505A1 (en) 2007-09-23
PL1859165T3 (pl) 2009-01-30
CA2598505C (en) 2010-09-07
JP2009530541A (ja) 2009-08-27

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