US7644864B2 - Apparatus for reading codes - Google Patents

Apparatus for reading codes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US7644864B2
US7644864B2 US11/363,595 US36359506A US7644864B2 US 7644864 B2 US7644864 B2 US 7644864B2 US 36359506 A US36359506 A US 36359506A US 7644864 B2 US7644864 B2 US 7644864B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
optics
mirror
pivot arm
lens
light receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active, expires
Application number
US11/363,595
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
US20060203364A1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Ulrich Nuebling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sick AG
Original Assignee
Sick AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sick AG filed Critical Sick AG
Assigned to SICK AG reassignment SICK AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NUEBLING, RALF ULRICH
Publication of US20060203364A1 publication Critical patent/US20060203364A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US7644864B2 publication Critical patent/US7644864B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10792—Special measures in relation to the object to be scanned
    • G06K7/10801—Multidistance reading
    • G06K7/10811—Focalisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10712—Fixed beam scanning
    • G06K7/10722—Photodetector array or CCD scanning

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an identification system, and in particular a code reader, for reading one- and/or two-dimensional codes that are arranged at different distances.
  • the code reader employs a position resolving light receiver mounted in a housing in which associated imaging optics is arranged.
  • Known identification systems project an image of a code onto an image plane via an imaging optics.
  • a position resolving light receiver is located in the image plane and has multiple, light-receiving pixels arranged linearly or in matrix form.
  • the differing light contrasts of the code are reproduced by the projected image and cause varying photocurrents in the individual light-receiving pixels of the light receiver which can be used to generate signals which identify the content of the code.
  • Such coding systems have many applications. For example, they can be used to identify and/or control individual objects in transportation systems.
  • the present invention is not limited to processing particular codes and applies to all types of information carriers which can be photoprocessed.
  • Efficient coding systems are expected to contain increasing amounts of information on coding surfaces that are as small as possible. This requires that the identification system have a high spatial resolution. Particularly high demands are placed on the coding system when the positional location of the code can vary over a relatively large distance range. Efficient coding systems must further exhibit a high degree of readability, which requires, amongst others, efficient projection optics. These two requirements, that is, the ability to generate high quality images of objects that can be spaced apart over a wide range, and at the same time provide efficient projection optics, demand that the coding system be equipped with an automatic focusing system.
  • the entire imaging optics can be moved along the optical axis, for example, while the position resolving light receiver remains stationary.
  • a servo motor which engages an appropriate mechanism at the imaging optics so that activation of the servo motor converts the rotary motions of the latter into linear movements of the optics.
  • Light-efficient receiving objects with long focal lengths have a relatively large mass so that focusing motions require substantial amounts of energy.
  • the bearings of such systems are subjected to mechanical wear and tear, which can lead to a deterioration of the components requiring repair and/or replacement.
  • Such an approach to focusing is further relatively slow and typically requires relatively much more time so that such systems cannot adequately react when the object distances change rapidly.
  • the distance adjustment is accomplished by stationarily mounting the imaging optics and moving the position resolving light receiver, including, when applicable, the entire circuit board on which the optics might be mounted with all its electronic components.
  • the light receiver as well as other electric components mounted on the board are subjected to significant mechanical stresses.
  • such arrangements require multi-path electrical connections which are subject to continuous motions and resulting wear and tear.
  • Such installations when used over the life cycle of an identification system, may be subject to between 10 7 to 10 9 operating cycles or more. Interruptions of the electrical connection to and from the light receiver and the other components on the board and/or their mechanical wear and tear are of course highly undesirable.
  • WO 93/14470 discloses a mobile optical code reader in which the back focal distance, that is, the effective distance between the imaging optics and the position resolving light receiver, is adjustable for focusing.
  • WO 93/14470 accomplishes this by giving the light beam between the imaging optics and the position resolving light receiver a z-shaped path.
  • An arrangement for folding the light beam in this manner is a planar reflecting mirror connected to a pivotable drive quadrant.
  • An advantage of such a position adjustment system is that both the imaging optics and the position resolving light receiver can be stationarily fixed in a housing. However, these advantages are offset by the very complicated and costly nature of pivotally jointed drive quadrants.
  • the connector which mounts the deflecting mirror must have both ends rotatably connected to rods of the quadrant.
  • the two rods be rotatably connected to the instrument or housing base.
  • the connector and the two rods require four separate rotary joints.
  • precise focusing requires movements over very small distances in the range of a few ⁇ m which must be precise and precisely reproducible.
  • the rotary joints must be tight and free of play and tolerances over a large number of operating cycles. This significantly enhances costs and requires more space.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,801,260 discloses an arrangement in which a movable mirror is arranged between fixed projecting optics and a fixed light receiver. The mirror is moved either linearly or pivotally to change the distance to the projecting optics. This changes the back focal length so that the images on the position resolving light receiver of objects with different object distances are always sharp and clear.
  • an imaging optics which has a plurality of components including at least one stationary optics and at least one deflecting or deflection optics arranged on an optical axis in front of a position resolving receiver.
  • a pivot arm is pivotable about a pivot axis arranged in the housing, and the deflecting optics is mounted on the pivot arm so that pivotal movements of the deflecting optics with the pivot arm cause a positional and angular change in the effective back focal distance of the optics.
  • the deflecting optics is mounted on the pivot arm and influences the pivotal length of the imaging systems and, in addition to changes in the effective back optical distance, pivotal movements of the pivot arm change the focal length of the imaging optics.
  • the present invention solves the heretofore encountered focusing problems by mounting a position resolving light receiver in a housing of the identification system.
  • An imaging optics is also arranged in the housing and is made up of a plurality of spatially separate components.
  • the imaging optics has at least one stationary optics and a deflecting optics arranged on an optical axis in front of the light receiver.
  • the imaging optics is mounted on a pivot arm that is pivotal about a pivot axis of the housing.
  • an optical component which influences the focal length of the imaging optics so that, upon pivoting the pivot arm, the focal length of the imaging optics is changed, in addition to a change in the effective optical back focal length.
  • the pivot arm is pivoted to not only reproduce an exact image on the light receiver, but to also change the focal length of the imaging optics to thereby change the scale of the reproduction and give the image on the light receiver the desired size.
  • the deflection optic includes an inclined hollow or concave mirror or an outwardly curved, convex mirror. This permits one to change the direction of the optical axis and facilitate changing the focal length of the imaging optics with only one optical element, which is advantageous with regard to both the size of the unit and its production costs.
  • the convex or concave mirror has a spherical, aspherical, toroidal or cylindrical surface configuration. In this manner, imaging errors of the imaging optics that might arise, such as, for example, aperture errors or astigmatism, can be corrected.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides that the surface configuration of the concave or convex mirror is off-axis. This is particularly advantageous when the angular inclination of the concave or convex mirror is large or can change significantly over the range of possible adjustments and provides further latitude for correcting image errors when non-spherical mirrors are positioned off-axis.
  • the deflection optics be a combination of one mirror and one or more lenses or lens groups. This permits the distribution of the functions of changing the direction of the optical axis and varying the focal length of the imaging optics over a plurality of optical components, and makes it possible to increase the zooming range of the imaging optics while at the same time improving the correction of imaging errors.
  • One aspect of the invention combines one mirror with one or more lenses or lens groups with convex as well as concave lenses having spherical, aspherical, toroidal or cylindrical surface configurations.
  • the present invention combines this optical filter effect with a component of the deflection optics. This can be attained, for example, by providing the reflection mirror, or a bordering surface of the lenses, with selected spectral layers. In this manner, the need for a separate optical filter is eliminated, which advantageously reduces costs as well as assembly and installation efforts.
  • the image remains focused in the center of the light receiver when the deflection optics is moved by the pivot arm. Maintaining the image center on the position resolving light receiver has the advantage that the direction of view does not change.
  • the identification system can provide identification for not only the content of the object, but also about the actual position of the identified object.
  • the rapid and wear-free focusing in accordance with the present invention involves only one mechanical adjustment which causes movement of the deflection optic and adjusts the back focal distance as well as the focal length of the imaging optics. This means additionally that the space and costs of the focusing system are reduced.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is that the mechanical coupling between the pivot arm and the housing of the identification system has only one pivot joint.
  • This pivot joint operates over only a limited rotational angle which makes it possible to construct the pivot joint of a flat, flexible spring band. This provides a well-defined, play-free pivot bearing which can operate over long periods of time in a stable, wear-free manner.
  • FIGS. 1 through 4 are schematic side views of an embodiment of the identification system of the present invention which has a focusing system that includes a deflection optics mounted on a pivot arm.
  • FIG. 1 shows the deflection optics of the present invention employing an inclined concave mirror
  • FIG. 2 shows the deflection optics in combination with an upstream convex lens and a downstream, inclined planar mirror
  • FIG. 3 shows the combination of an upstream, inclined planar mirror and a downstream convex lens
  • FIG. 4 shows the deflection optics in the form of a combination of an upstream convex lens, an inclined planar mirror, and then a concave lens
  • FIG. 5 shows the deflection optics of the present invention as in FIG. 1 and employing a flexible spring band defining a pivot axis for a pivot arm of the deflection optics.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the identification system of the present invention in the form of a code reader 1 .
  • Code reader 1 includes a housing 2 and a position resolving light receiver 3 .
  • the light receiver can be a CCD-line or a CMOS-line.
  • the position resolving light receiver can be a CCD-surface or a CMOS-surface.
  • housing 2 Also mounted in housing 2 is an imaging optics constructed of a plurality of spatially separated components which project an image of an object 5 0 onto a surface 6 of the position resolving light receiver 3 .
  • an illumination system (not shown in FIG. 1 ) can be provided for lighting up object 5 0 .
  • Such an illumination system which may have one or more light sources, can form an integral part of code reader 1 , or it can be an independent, external lighting unit.
  • the projection optics has at least one stationary optics 4 and a deflection optics which lies on an optical axis 10 ahead of light receiver 3 .
  • the deflection optics is mounted on a pivot arm 8 that is pivotally attached to the housing at a pivot axis 9 .
  • the deflection optics illustrated in FIG. 1 is formed by an inclined concave mirror 7 which is arranged at an angle of about 45° to the incoming light beam. In this way, the concave mirror deflects the incoming light at an angle of about 90° towards light receiver 3 .
  • concave mirror 7 together with stationary optics 4 projects an image of object 5 0 , located at a distance a 0 from the stationary optics 4 , onto light receiver 3 .
  • the focal distance of the projecting optics is defined by the focal distance of stationary optics 4 , the focal distance of concave mirror 7 , and the distance e 0 between the two optical components. If the object spacing a 0 changes to a 1 or a 2 , pivot arm 8 must be pivoted about pivot axis 9 to project a precise image of objects 5 1 and 5 2 , respectively, onto a surface 6 of the position resolving light receiver 3 . Since, as already mentioned, the focal distance of the projection optics is a fraction of the spacing e between the two optic components, pivot movements of pivotal arm 8 also cause a change in the focal distance and therewith in the size of the projected image.
  • the concave mirror 7 shown in FIG. 1 can be replaced by a convex mirror. Both the concave mirror and the convex mirror can have a spherical, aspherical, toroidal or cylindrical form. It can also be configured as a diffractive element. For certain applications, it can be advantageous to arrange the concave or convex mirror off-axis.
  • a linear actuator 12 is also mounted in the housing and causes pivotal movements of pivot arm 8 via a movable push rod 11 , thereby also pivoting the deflecting optics about pivot axis 9 .
  • the schematically illustrated actuator 12 can alternatively be a rotary actuator, such as a stepping motor for moving the pivot arm.
  • magnetic actuators, pneumatic/hydraulic actuators and the like can also be employed.
  • the illustrated deflection optic comprises a first lens 13 and a planar mirror 14 that is inclined by about 45° to the incoming light beam. Both the lens and the planar mirror are secured to the pivot arm. Planar mirror 14 deflects the incoming light beam by about 90° in the direction to light receiver 3 . At the same time, lens 13 together with stationary optics 4 projects an image of object 5 0 on light receiver 3 .
  • the focal length of the imaging optics is defined by the focal length of stationary optics 4 , the focal length of lens 13 , as well as the distance e 0 between the two optical components.
  • a lens 15 can be arranged between a planar mirror 14 and the light receiver 3 .
  • pivot arm 8 When pivot arm 8 is pivoted, distance e 1 0 , and therewith also the sum of the two individual distances e 1 0 and e 2 0 , have a decisive influence on the optical length of the imaging optics.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the deflecting optics for enhancing the quality of the imaging optics. It involves stationary optics 4 , a first lens 16 , a planar mirror 14 , and a second lens 17 .
  • the stationary optics can be formed as two spatially spaced-apart components with the deflecting optics arranged between them.
  • the components of the deflecting optics that is, first lens 16 , planar mirror 14 , and second lens 17 , are mounted on pivot arm 8 and, as a result, change their positions within housing 2 .
  • the lens 13 shown in FIG. 2 , lens 15 shown in FIG. 3 , and lenses 16 and 17 shown in FIG. 4 can of course be constructed as a group of lenses, that is, of a plurality of lenses that can be optically connected with each other.
  • planar mirror 14 between the first lens 16 and the second lens 17 can be constructed as a concave or a convex mirror to thereby provide additional optical surfaces that can be used for correcting imaging errors.
  • the lenses 16 and 17 be given a spherical, aspherical, toroidal or cylindrical form for reducing imaging errors. For certain applications, it can be advantageous to arrange either or both of the lenses off-axis.
  • FIG. 5 is a duplicate of FIG. 1 in all respects except that the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 5 uses a flat, flexible spring band 18 instead of pivot axis 9 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • a first end 19 of the spring band is suitably fixed to the housing and a second end 20 of the spring band is suitably fixed to the end of pivot arm 8 facing the housing. Since the pivot arm operates only over a limited rotational angle, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 the pivot point is defined by spring band 18 which forms a well-defined, play-free pivot bearing which can operate over long periods of time in a stable, wear-free manner.
US11/363,595 2005-03-01 2006-02-27 Apparatus for reading codes Active 2027-10-11 US7644864B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005009309.4 2005-03-01
DE102005009309 2005-03-01
DE102005009309A DE102005009309A1 (de) 2005-03-01 2005-03-01 Identifikationseinrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060203364A1 US20060203364A1 (en) 2006-09-14
US7644864B2 true US7644864B2 (en) 2010-01-12

Family

ID=36487426

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/363,595 Active 2027-10-11 US7644864B2 (en) 2005-03-01 2006-02-27 Apparatus for reading codes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7644864B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1698995B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE382908T1 (de)
DE (2) DE102005009309A1 (de)
DK (1) DK1698995T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2297601T3 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100155482A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Ncr Corporation Methods and Apparatus for Increased Range of Focus in Image Based Bar Code Scanning
US20110310289A1 (en) * 2000-02-15 2011-12-22 Accu-Sort Systems, Inc. Automatic focusing camera with moving mirror between fixed lens and fixed image sensor

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE469368T1 (de) 2008-04-22 2010-06-15 Sick Ag Identifikationseinrichtung zur linienförmigen erfassung eines in einer objektebene angeordneten codes
JP5228878B2 (ja) * 2008-12-17 2013-07-03 株式会社リコー カップリングレンズ、照明装置、及び電子機器
DK2546776T3 (en) 2011-07-11 2013-07-08 Sick Ag Camera-based code reader and method for its adjusted manufacture
DE202016103531U1 (de) 2016-07-01 2017-10-05 Sick Ag Optischer Codeleser
DE102016112123B4 (de) * 2016-07-01 2019-03-07 Sick Ag Optischer Codeleser und Verfahren zum Lesen von optischen Codes
CH712734A1 (de) * 2016-07-22 2018-01-31 Tecan Trading Ag Erkennungsvorrichtung und -verfahren zum Erkennen von Kennzeichen an und/oder Merkmalen von Laborobjekten.
DE102018120807A1 (de) 2018-08-27 2020-02-27 Sick Ag Fokusverstellbare Optik
DE202018104900U1 (de) 2018-08-27 2019-12-02 Sick Ag Fokusverstellbare Optik
CN110348257B (zh) * 2019-06-24 2023-05-30 创新先进技术有限公司 一种条码解析方法及装置
EP4270917B1 (de) 2022-04-29 2024-04-24 Sick Ag Kamera und verfahren zur erfassung eines objekts

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4589738A (en) * 1982-11-04 1986-05-20 Yasuto Ozaki Apparatus for projecting a laser beam in a linear pattern
US5170277A (en) * 1988-05-11 1992-12-08 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Piezoelectric beam deflector
WO1993014470A1 (en) 1992-01-17 1993-07-22 Norand Corporation Portable optical reader system
US5401948A (en) * 1988-05-11 1995-03-28 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Mirrorless scanners with movable laser, optical and sensor components
US5811828A (en) * 1991-09-17 1998-09-22 Norand Corporation Portable reader system having an adjustable optical focusing means for reading optical information over a substantial range of distances
US5872354A (en) 1989-01-31 1999-02-16 Norand Corporation Hand-held data capture system with interchangable modules including autofocusing data file reader using the slope of the image signal to determine focus
US6084706A (en) * 1997-07-09 2000-07-04 Etec Systems, Inc. High efficiency laser pattern generator
US20030201329A1 (en) * 1995-07-20 2003-10-30 Fujitsu Limited Optical reader applicable to plurality of uses
US20040035931A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2004-02-26 Tamiaki Matsuura Integrated optical apparatus
US6801260B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2004-10-05 Accu-Sort Systems, Inc. Automatic focusing camera with moving mirror between fixed lens and fixed image sensor
US6988663B2 (en) * 2003-06-05 2006-01-24 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Movable scanning array in electro-optical readers
US7147158B2 (en) * 2003-02-20 2006-12-12 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Systems and methods for providing multiple object planes in an optical image scanner

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4589738A (en) * 1982-11-04 1986-05-20 Yasuto Ozaki Apparatus for projecting a laser beam in a linear pattern
US5170277A (en) * 1988-05-11 1992-12-08 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Piezoelectric beam deflector
US5401948A (en) * 1988-05-11 1995-03-28 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Mirrorless scanners with movable laser, optical and sensor components
US5872354A (en) 1989-01-31 1999-02-16 Norand Corporation Hand-held data capture system with interchangable modules including autofocusing data file reader using the slope of the image signal to determine focus
US5811828A (en) * 1991-09-17 1998-09-22 Norand Corporation Portable reader system having an adjustable optical focusing means for reading optical information over a substantial range of distances
WO1993014470A1 (en) 1992-01-17 1993-07-22 Norand Corporation Portable optical reader system
US20030201329A1 (en) * 1995-07-20 2003-10-30 Fujitsu Limited Optical reader applicable to plurality of uses
US6084706A (en) * 1997-07-09 2000-07-04 Etec Systems, Inc. High efficiency laser pattern generator
US6801260B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2004-10-05 Accu-Sort Systems, Inc. Automatic focusing camera with moving mirror between fixed lens and fixed image sensor
US20040035931A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2004-02-26 Tamiaki Matsuura Integrated optical apparatus
US7147158B2 (en) * 2003-02-20 2006-12-12 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Systems and methods for providing multiple object planes in an optical image scanner
US6988663B2 (en) * 2003-06-05 2006-01-24 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Movable scanning array in electro-optical readers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110310289A1 (en) * 2000-02-15 2011-12-22 Accu-Sort Systems, Inc. Automatic focusing camera with moving mirror between fixed lens and fixed image sensor
US20100155482A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Ncr Corporation Methods and Apparatus for Increased Range of Focus in Image Based Bar Code Scanning

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502005002403D1 (de) 2008-02-14
EP1698995B1 (de) 2008-01-02
DK1698995T3 (da) 2008-05-13
ATE382908T1 (de) 2008-01-15
ES2297601T3 (es) 2008-05-01
DE102005009309A1 (de) 2006-09-07
US20060203364A1 (en) 2006-09-14
EP1698995A1 (de) 2006-09-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7644864B2 (en) Apparatus for reading codes
USRE44005E1 (en) Automatic focusing camera with moving mirror between fixed lens and fixed image sensor
CA1247898A (en) Scanner optics with no cross scan field curvature
US5570224A (en) Optical scanning apparatus
US5168386A (en) Flat field telecentric scanner
US7318552B2 (en) Apparatus for reading codes
JP5114833B2 (ja) 光走査装置
US5943153A (en) Lens holding apparatus and a light-beam scanning optical apparatus
US6966494B2 (en) Code reader
US7845557B2 (en) Identification device
JP2007316157A (ja) 投光光学系及びそれを備えた投光装置
JPWO2004068746A1 (ja) 光アンテナ
US20030053742A1 (en) Mirror angle detecting device, optical signal switching system, and optical signal switching method
US7021543B2 (en) Image reader using off-axial optical system for imaging optical system
JP3271995B2 (ja) 光学装置
US4504110A (en) Converging beam linear optical scanner
EP1352285B1 (de) Lichtbrechender optischer reflektor
GB2100462A (en) Automatically focussing binoculars
JP2002333574A (ja) デジタルカメラ
GB2260200A (en) Light beam folding device using parallel mirrors
CN112351178B (zh) 摄像装置及其调整方法
US4974958A (en) Projecting optical apparatus having no trapezoidal distortion
WO2023188533A1 (ja) 光路変更装置およびそれを備えた投射型画像表示装置
WO2023188532A1 (ja) 光路変更装置およびそれを備えた投射型画像表示装置
EP1484575A1 (de) Spiegelwinkeldetektor, optisches signalschaltsystem und optisches signalschaltverfahren

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SICK AG, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NUEBLING, RALF ULRICH;REEL/FRAME:017668/0678

Effective date: 20060117

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 8

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 12TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1553); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 12