US753376A - Apparatus for distilling wood - Google Patents

Apparatus for distilling wood Download PDF

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US753376A
US753376A US753376DA US753376A US 753376 A US753376 A US 753376A US 753376D A US753376D A US 753376DA US 753376 A US753376 A US 753376A
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pipe
retorts
tubes
vapors
pipes
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres

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  • This invention relates to improvements in the distilling apparatus, and particularly suchv as are adapted for use in operating upon wood for obtaining products therefrom.v
  • the object in view is the distillation of wood ⁇ for the obtaining of turpentine in various grades, and this object is obtained by the employment of an improved system oftubes in combination with suitable retorts and heating means.
  • Figure 1 represents a view in rear elevation of' a still embodying the features of the present invention.
  • Fig.. 2 represents a transverse vertical section taken centrally through the retorts.
  • Fig. 8 represents a longitudinal vertical secable to obtain spirits of turpentine as free as possible from foreign substances and solids, and by the present improved apparatus I contemplate producing different grades of turpentine, the best of which shall be chemically pure.
  • I employ devices such as are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which the numeral 1 indicates any suitabley structure of masonry designed to inclose a plurality of suitably-constructed retorts 2.
  • the masonry 1 is preferablyformed centrally-with the ⁇ irebox 3, of any suitable construction, communicating with preferably helical fines 4 4, extending about the retorts 2 and at their upper ends discharging into stack 5.
  • the retorts 2 are spaced apart and each formed withV an aperture 6 in its upper end adapted to be closed by a suitable head 7, provided with any preferred form of retaining device for locking the same in position for closing the aper- Ylar tube 11 is spaced beneath the same parallel thereto, also communicating between said retorts.
  • a third tube 12 similar to tubes 10 and 11, aifords communication between the retorts .2 near the base thereof, the tube 11 being arranged approximately centrally of the retorts and the tube 10 at the top.
  • a verticallypositioned pipe 13 connects all of the said tubes and discharges at its lower end into a pipe 14.
  • a pipe'18 communicates with pipe 16 and extends to and communicates with a condensingcoil 19, positioned within a cooling-chamber 20.
  • the chamber 20 may beof anypreferred structure and may contain any common well-known cooling medium, and coil 19 may be formed with any preferred number of convolutions and of any desired diam- Y discharge-spout 24, having its lower end open and forming an open discharge beneath which may be positioned any suitable receptacle 25', adapted to receive the heavier products which may be discharged by gravity through said spout 24.
  • a pipe 25 communicates with pipe 15 and is provided with a discharge-spout 26, having its lower end open and forming an open discharge emptying into the receptacle 25.
  • a brass pipe 27 leads in an upwardly-inclined plane from the pipe 25 and communicates with a condensing-coil 28, positioned within the chamber 20 and preferably constructed of agreater number of convolutions and of less diameter than the coil 19.
  • a pipe 29 communicates with the lower end of coil 28 and discharges outside the chamber 2O into any suitable receptacle 30.
  • a gas-discharge pipe 31 rises vertically from the pipe 29 and is adapted for leading off gases in a similar manner to the operation of pipe 23.
  • a pipe 32 communicates withl pipe 14 and discharges into the receptacle 25.
  • Avertical by-pass 33 communicates with pipe 32 and opens into pipe 25, preferably just below the juncture therewith of the pipe 27.
  • Each retort 2 is preferably provided with a funnel-shaped bottom or false bottom 34, discharging at its lowermost point into a pipe 35, said pipe extending beyond the masonry 1 and discharging into a trough 36.
  • the wood is broken or cut up into blocks and placed within the retorts 2 and a fire started in the box 3 sufficient for roasting the contained wood.
  • the heat begins to aifect the wood lighter vapors will rise to the upper ends of the retorts and the heavier products descend.
  • the lighter gases and white vapors pass from the retorts 2 to the tube 10, into tube 16 and down tube 18, above the discharge-spout 24, creosote and other heavy substances which may possibly be carried with the lighter products into tube 18 being discharged at this point.
  • the vapors continue moving through pipe 18 and eventually pass about coil 19, where condensation takes place and spirits of turpentine is discharged into receptacle 22, the gases being discharged through pipe 23.
  • the valves 17 are provided for controlling the passage of gases and vapors and may be opened or closed to any degree desired-as, for instance, when it is desired to produce only second-grade turpentine the valve to pipe 16 may be closed entirely and all of the vapors passing out pipe 10 forced down pipe 13 and out pipe 15.
  • the arrangement of retorts 6 is such that the intercommunicating vertical pipe 13 and the two lower hori- 'zontal pipes connected therewith are inclosed between the masonry surrounding said retorts and the stack arranged in the rear thereof.
  • Said vertical pipe is positioned above the furnace 3, whereby the temperature of said pipe will be maintained at such degree while the retorts are in operation as to prevent condensation of the contained vapors.
  • the tubes or pipes 10, 11, and 12, with the connecting-pipe 13, are so arranged between the retorts that they are protected against the cooling action of the atmosphere by means of the stack 5, which stack serves to prevent the movement of air between the retorts.

Description

No. 753,376. `PATENTED MAR. l, 1904. W. C. DOUGLAS.
APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING'WOD.'
APPLIUATION FILED SEPT. 1%1903. No MODFL. z SHEBTS-SHBET 1.
No. 753,376. PATENTED MAR. 1, 1904.
' W. c. DOUGLAS.
APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING Woon.
APPLIOAIION FILED SEPT. l. 1903.
mmdm@ Y tion through the entire system.
In the present art ithas been found desir- UNITED STATES Patented March 1, 1904.
`PATENT OEEICE.
APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING WOOD.
sPEcIFIcATIoN forming paie of Letters Patent No. 753,376, dated March 1, 1904.
Application filed September 1, 19703. Serial No. 171,519; (No model.)
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM O. DOUGLAS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Raleigh, in the county of Wake and State'of North' Carolina, have invented certain new and use- Y Yture 6. The said device, as illustrated, conful Improvements in Apparatus foi1 Distilling Vood; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to'which it appertains to. make and use the same.
This invention relates to improvements in the distilling apparatus, and particularly suchv as are adapted for use in operating upon wood for obtaining products therefrom.v
The object in view is the distillation of wood `for the obtaining of turpentine in various grades, and this object is obtained by the employment of an improved system oftubes in combination with suitable retorts and heating means.
The invention consists in certain novel constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a view in rear elevation of' a still embodying the features of the present invention. Fig.. 2 represents a transverse vertical section taken centrally through the retorts. Fig. 8 represents a longitudinal vertical secable to obtain spirits of turpentine as free as possible from foreign substances and solids, and by the present improved apparatus I contemplate producing different grades of turpentine, the best of which shall be chemically pure. To obtain this and other desirable'results, I employ devices such as are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which the numeral 1 indicates any suitabley structure of masonry designed to inclose a plurality of suitably-constructed retorts 2. The masonry 1 is preferablyformed centrally-with the {irebox 3, of any suitable construction, communicating with preferably helical fines 4 4, extending about the retorts 2 and at their upper ends discharging into stack 5. The retorts 2 are spaced apart and each formed withV an aperture 6 in its upper end adapted to be closed by a suitable head 7, provided with any preferred form of retaining device for locking the same in position for closing the aper- Ylar tube 11 is spaced beneath the same parallel thereto, also communicating between said retorts. A third tube 12, similar to tubes 10 and 11, aifords communication between the retorts .2 near the base thereof, the tube 11 being arranged approximately centrally of the retorts and the tube 10 at the top. A verticallypositioned pipe 13 connects all of the said tubes and discharges at its lower end into a pipe 14. Pipe l'communicates with pipe 13 preferably slightly above the intersection of pipe 11, and pipe 16 communicates with the upper end of the pipe 13, each of pipes 14, 15, and 16 extending beyond the walls of the Inasonry 1, provided with controlling-valves 1 7 17 17". A pipe'18 communicates with pipe 16 and extends to and communicates with a condensingcoil 19, positioned within a cooling-chamber 20. The chamber 20 ,may beof anypreferred structure and may contain any common well-known cooling medium, and coil 19 may be formed with any preferred number of convolutions and of any desired diam- Y discharge-spout 24, having its lower end open and forming an open discharge beneath which may be positioned any suitable receptacle 25', adapted to receive the heavier products which may be discharged by gravity through said spout 24. A pipe 25 communicates with pipe 15 and is provided with a discharge-spout 26, having its lower end open and forming an open discharge emptying into the receptacle 25. A brass pipe 27 leads in an upwardly-inclined plane from the pipe 25 and communicates with a condensing-coil 28, positioned within the chamber 20 and preferably constructed of agreater number of convolutions and of less diameter than the coil 19. A pipe 29 communicates with the lower end of coil 28 and discharges outside the chamber 2O into any suitable receptacle 30. A gas-discharge pipe 31 rises vertically from the pipe 29 and is adapted for leading off gases in a similar manner to the operation of pipe 23. (A pipe 32 communicates withl pipe 14 and discharges into the receptacle 25. Avertical by-pass 33 communicates with pipe 32 and opens into pipe 25, preferably just below the juncture therewith of the pipe 27.
Each retort 2 is preferably provided with a funnel-shaped bottom or false bottom 34, discharging at its lowermost point into a pipe 35, said pipe extending beyond the masonry 1 and discharging into a trough 36.
In operation the wood is broken or cut up into blocks and placed within the retorts 2 and a fire started in the box 3 sufficient for roasting the contained wood. As the heat begins to aifect the wood lighter vapors will rise to the upper ends of the retorts and the heavier products descend. As the operation continues the lighter gases and white vapors pass from the retorts 2 to the tube 10, into tube 16 and down tube 18, above the discharge-spout 24, creosote and other heavy substances which may possibly be carried with the lighter products into tube 18 being discharged at this point. The vapors continue moving through pipe 18 and eventually pass about coil 19, where condensation takes place and spirits of turpentine is discharged into receptacle 22, the gases being discharged through pipe 23. The vapors of a medium weight will nd their way out through pipe 11 and into pipe 25 through pipe 25,-any of the products from pipe 10 which may have been caused to condense fall? ing down pipe13 and passing out with said medium-weight vapors through pipe 15. The vapors passing out pipe 15 and through pipe 25 divide upon arriving at the intersection of pipe 27 and lighter products move up said pipe, while creosote and heavier products pass out the discharge 26. The products of suiiicient specic gravity which pass down the pipe 25 fall through by-pass 33 into pipe 32. The heaviest of the vapors pass through pipe 12 into tube 14 and the products from pipe 11, which descend through pipe 13 to pipe 12, pass out through pipe 14, the said products passing out pipe 14 and discharging directly into the receptable 25', except for those lighter gases and vapors which find their way up through by-pass 33 and pass off to the condenser through pipe 27. The tar-and other similar heavy substances collect von the bottom 34 and are discharged down trough 36.
The valves 17 are provided for controlling the passage of gases and vapors and may be opened or closed to any degree desired-as, for instance, when it is desired to produce only second-grade turpentine the valve to pipe 16 may be closed entirely and all of the vapors passing out pipe 10 forced down pipe 13 and out pipe 15.
It is to be observed that the arrangement of retorts 6 is such that the intercommunicating vertical pipe 13 and the two lower hori- 'zontal pipes connected therewith are inclosed between the masonry surrounding said retorts and the stack arranged in the rear thereof. Said vertical pipe is positioned above the furnace 3, whereby the temperature of said pipe will be maintained at such degree while the retorts are in operation as to prevent condensation of the contained vapors. The pipe 10,
however, is arranged at the upper ends ofthe n retorts in position'for being ,maintained at a slightly-lower temperature and not so completely inclosed as the pipes 11 and 12 and the greater portion of pipe 13.
The tubes or pipes 10, 11, and 12, with the connecting-pipe 13, are so arranged between the retorts that they are protected against the cooling action of the atmosphere by means of the stack 5, which stack serves to prevent the movement of air between the retorts.
Having thus fully described my invention, what I vclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. In a still, the combination with a plurality of retorts, of tubes communicating with and arranged between the retorts, apipe connecting said tubes, aconducting-pipe leading from said connecting-pipe at one end thereof, a second conducting-pipe at the other end thereof, condensing means for said conducting-pipes, and means for heating said retorts and tubes to a degree preventing condensation of lighter vapors therein.
2. In astill, the combination with aplurality of retorts spaced apart, of heating means arranged centrally beneath thev space between said retorts, tubes communicating between said retorts above said heating means, a pipe connecting said tubes, conducting-pipes leading IOO IIO
from said connecting-pipe, and means for prosame, intercommunicating meansA connecting ysaid tubes, means for heating said retorts and densation of the lighter vapors therein, one of the tubes being at a greater distance from the source of heating than the others, and conducting-pipes leading from the intercommunicating means.
4. Inastill, the combination with aretort, of a plurality of tubes extending from the same, a vertical pipe connecting said tubes, a conducting-pipe communicating with said vertical pipe near one end thereof, a second conductingpipe communicating with said vertical pipe intermediate the lengththereof, means for heating said vertical pipe andtubes to a degree preventing condensation of the lighter vapors therein, and means for protecting said pipes and tubes against the cooling action of the atmosphere.
5. In a still, the combination with a retort, of a plurality of tubes extending from said retort, a pipe connecting said tubes, walls partially surrounding said tubes and pipe for preventing the cooling action of the atmosphere thereon, conducting-pipes leading from various points on said connecting-pipe, means for heating said retort and tubes to a degree pre-v venting condensation of the lighter vapors therein, and condensing means for said conducting-pipes.-
6. In a still, the combination with retorts and means for heating the saine, of a plurality of horizontal tubes communicating between said retorts and partially inclosed thereby', a vertical pipe conecting said tubes,upper, lower and intermediate conducting-pipes communicating with said vertical pipe extending beyond the retorts.
7 In astill,the combination witha retort, of a plurality of tubes leading therefrom, a partially-inclosed inter-communicating pipe conneeting said tubes, an upper exposed conducting-pipe communicating with said intercommuni'cating pipe, partially-inclosed intermediate and lower conducting-pipes communicating with said intercommunicating pipe, and heating means vfor said retort and inclosed elements.
8. In a still, thecombination with a retort, of a plurality of partially-inclosed tubes leading therefrom, an exposed tube leading therefrom, a pipe connecting all of said tubes and being exposed at that end connected with the exposed tube, cond noting-pipes leading from said pipe, and means for heating the retort.
9. In astill, the combination with aplurality of retorts spaced' apart, a furnace arranged beneath the space between said retorts, tubes communicating between said retorts above said furnace, a pipe connecting said tubes, conducting-pipes leading from said connectingpipe, and a stack leading from said furnace and closing the space between said retorts and preventing atmospheric draft therebetween.
In testimony whereof I hereunto ax my signature in presence of two Witnesses.
WILLIAM o. DOUGLAS.
Witnesses:
JOHN L. FLETCHER, EDWIN E. VROOMAN.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4476789A (en) * 1982-05-31 1984-10-16 Anthony Constantine Method of and apparatus for the production of charcoal
US20050184439A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2005-08-25 Janson John C. Parallel clamp and accessories therefor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4476789A (en) * 1982-05-31 1984-10-16 Anthony Constantine Method of and apparatus for the production of charcoal
US20050184439A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2005-08-25 Janson John C. Parallel clamp and accessories therefor

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