US749812A - Fireproof building construction - Google Patents

Description

No. 749,812. PATENTED JAN. 19, 1904.-

C. I'. BUENTE.

FIREPROOF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 24, 1902. v

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No. 249,812. PATENTED JAN. 19, 1904.

o. 1". BUBNTE. A FIREPROOP vBUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED 111111.24. 1902. No MODEL. 4' SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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INVENTOR JMA1 5 412.21:

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No. 749,812. PATENTEII JAN. I9, 1904. G. I. BUBNTB.

FINBPROOF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION;

APPLICATION FILED MAB.. 24, 1902.

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WITNESSES INVENTOR Patented January 19, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES FREDERICK BUENTE, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FIREPROOF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 749,812, dated January 19, 1904.

Application filed March 24,1902. serial No. 99,718. oro model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern,.- I

Be it known that I, CHARLES FREDERICK BUENTE, of Pittsburg, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulFireproof Building Construction, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure lis a perspective view showing a portion of a wall constructed in accordance with my invention, and Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are similar views showing modified forms of the construction.

` My invention relates to thewalls of buildings, and is designed to provide a simple and effective construction in which the necessary supporting resistance shall be concentrated at the points where strains are brought thereon and to afford a fireproof-wall of small cost.

In ordinary brick walls only a small percentage of the actual strength of the bricks is utilized for supporting the floor-beams and other parts, and in such case the wall itself constitutes the greater part of the weight to be carried.

My invention greatly reduces the weight of the wall; and it consists in providing avertical column of concrete beneath each i'ioorjoist, these columns being supported laterally and longitudinally by hollow tiles between the columns. j

It also consists of a wall formed of tiles which are provided with vertical registering cavities containing the concrete columns beneath the fioor-joists and also in certain constructions and combinations hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, referring to the form of Fig. l, I show a building-Wall consisting of vertical rows of hollow tiles 2, each having hollow cells formed by internal webs 8. The tiles may be of any desirable form and are provided at each side with recesses formed by projecting flanges 4. The anges and webs extend vertically and are preferably of such width that the cavities formed by the meeting fianges of the tiles of adjacent rows shall be beneath the ioor-joists. These tiles are set in the Wall with mortar or other binding material, and as the wall is built up the spaces between the adjacent tiles are filled with concrete 5. In order to improve the adhesion of the concrete to the tiles, the inner faces of the concrete-containing spaces may be first plastered with mortar. I have shown in connectionwith this Wall a portion of flooring in which the ioor-beams are formed ofconcrete, (shown at 6,) this concrete being filled in between horizontally-extending tiles 7; but any form of ioor joists or beams may be employed, each joist being set upon the vertical cement column in the walls. The inner faces of the tiles are preferably rough to facilitate adhesion of the plaster for the rooms. 'Ihe exterior faces of the tiles may be made of any desirable shape or contour to give an architecturally-ornamental appearance to the building. The tiles of each vertical row are preferably vertically staggered relatively to those of the next row, so as to break joints vertically therewith, as shown.

In Fig. 2 I show a modified form of the invention, wherein a horizontal as well as a vertical bond is aorded. In this form the tiles which the tile wall forms a fireproof` frame l used in connection with brick or other 'veneering. In this forni, in addition to the concrete 5 between the ends of the tiles 2b, I lill the outer cells of the tiles with cement, as shown at 9, thus forming a support for the veneer. The horizontal bond is obtained by the rows of tiles 8b, as in Fig. 2. The veneer lO,

vtwisted metallic rods 12. 4The concrete in the exterior cells of the tiles 2b constitute compression members, while the metallic rods embedded in the inner portions of the columns-- 5b form tension members for the lateral pressure. In avery high wall or a wall carrying great weight the columns of concrete may be strengthened laterally to prevent exure of ,the column by means of additional twisted metallic rods l2', embedded vertically in these columns.

In Fig. 4: I show a simpler form than that of Fig. 3 and without veneering, the rods l2" being used only in the inner parts of the columns 5c to act as tension members, the outer Acells of the wall being filled with the concrete,

as before.

In Fig. 5 I show the invention arranged for carrying a concentrated load at some particular point. In this case the tiles may be enlarged, as shown at 2d, to form a pilaster, and all of the cells of these vertically-registering piles may be filled with concrete. For the same purpose the cells of any of the normally sized tiles may also be filled throughout a vertical row with concrete to increase the strength at any desired point.

The advantages of my invention result from the saving of weight in the building and in y the cost of constructing the walls and foundation. The material of the wall is concentrated beneath the loads to be carried, and those parts which do not support such weights are Vmade light. The use of the metallic reinforcing rods or bars for lateral support permits a still further reduction in the amount of material used and strengthens against lateral strains. The construction is easily adaptable to different styles of walls and can be made highly ornamental at low cost. The hollow walls protect the building from dampness and also serve to insulate it against extremes of temperature. y

Many variations may be made in the form and arrangement of the tiles, the concrete, floor-beams, &c., without departing from my invention.

l. A wall having separated vertical concrete columns, hoor-beams supported on said columns, and hollow tiles between the columns; substantially as described.

2. A wall formed of hollow tiles with vertically-extending registering cells or cavities,

cement filling a part only of said cavities and forming separated vertical columns, and ioorbeams supported on said columns; substantially as described.

3. A wall composed of vertically-extending hollow tiles With recesses between their ends, vertical columns of concrete filling said recesses, and floor-beams supported on said columns; substantially as described. l

4. A wall composed of hollow tiles with vertically-alined cavities, vertical concrete columns filling part of said cavities, metallic rods embedded in said concrete, and floor-beams supported upon said columns; substantially as described.

5. A wall composed of vertical hollow tiles with registering cavities containing vertical columns of concrete supporting the floorbeams, the outer cells only of the tiles being filled with concrete to strengthen the outer part of the wall against compression; substantially as, described.

6. A wall composed of hollow cellular tiles with vertically-registering cavities and recesses between their meeting ends, concrete columns lilling said recesses and containing embedded metallic rods or bars, and concrete filling the outer cells only of said tiles; substantially as described.

7. Awall composed ofhollow tiles with vertically-extending cells, the tiles of one row having spaces between their ends registering with intermediate cells of the next horizontal row, concrete columns illing the spaces between the ends of the tiles of alternate rows and extending through the cells of the other rows, and ioor-beams supported on the concrete columns; substantially as described.

8. A wall consisting of hollow tiles arranged vertically and containing concrete columns beneath the Hoor-beams, and veneering secured to the exterior of this wall; substantially as described.

9. Awall having concrete columns beneath the floor-beams, hollow tiles in the spaces between said columns, veneering' on the exterior of the wall, and wall-ties connecting the tiles with said veneering; substantially as described.

10. A wall having wide hollow tiles in its lower part,.and upper and narrower hollow tiles, said tiles containing concrete columns beneath the floor-beams, and veneering resting upon the projecting portions of the lower tiles; substantially as described.

l1. A wall having wide hollow tiles in its lower portion, the outer cells of which are filled with concrete, upper and narrower hollow tiles resting on the lower tiles, vertical concrete columns beneath the floor-beams, and veneering resting upon the concrete-filled cells of the lower tiles; substantially as described.

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12. Abuilding havngawall formed of holupon the concrete columns; substantially as IO low tiles, Vertical concrete columns inolosed described.

by the tiles which serve as molds therefor, In testimony whereof I have hereunto set and oorbeams supported on the Concrete eolmy hand. urnns substantially as described.

13. A building having a Wall formed atleast CHARLES FREDERICK BUENTE' n part of hollow tiles, separated Vertical oon- Witnesses: crete columns lled into vertically-ahmed eavi- F. E. GAITHER,

ties in the tiles, and floor-beams supported C. P. BYRNES.

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