US740078A

US740078A - Coke-oven.

Info

Publication number: US740078A
Application number: US16236403A
Authority: US
Inventors: Theodor Von Bauer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1903-06-20
Filing date: 1903-06-20
Publication date: 1903-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 1920-09-29

Description

N0. 740, O78. PATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903.

T. VON BAUER.

COKE OVEN.

'APPLIOATION FILED Jun}: 20, 1903.

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' BATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903 T. VON BAUER, 00KB OVEN. urmonxqn rum: 1mmzo", mm.

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No. 740,078. PATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903.

T. VON BAUER.

COKE-OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1903.

H0 MODEL. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

vihlcmqo Nb. 740,078. I PATENYTED SEPT. 29, 1903. T. VON BAUER.

00KB OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1908. I0 MODEL. 8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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T. VON BAUER.

COKE OVEN.-

AIPPLIOATIQK FILED JUN}? 20, 1903.

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,T. VON BAUER.

COKE OVEN. APPLICATION r'nnn JUNE 20, 1903.

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l atented September 29, 1903.

LPATENT OFFICE.

THEODOR VON BAUER, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

COKE-OVEN.

sescmcnmres i'ormin'gpart or Letters Patent No; 740,078, dated September 29, 1903.

' Application filed June 20, 1903. erial No. 162,364. (No model.)

, To ail t'uhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODOR VON BAUER, Ph. D3, a citizen of the Empire of Germany, residing in Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,

have invented certain new and useful Im- I provements in Coke-Ovens, of which the folincreased durability is obtained without the" use of the large number of twyers which are used in modern constructions of coke-ovens and which lead to waste of gas and complicated regulation; and the invention consists of a coke-oven of the construction hereinafter shown and described and which is provided with different appurtenances by which the oven can be run directly or indirectly with a hand-supply'or directly or indirectly with a mechanical supply of coal.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a verticallongitudinal section of my improved coke-oven on three different plans on lines'A B, O D, and E F, Fig. 2. Fig.

2 is a vertical transverse section taken on. Fig. 3 is a vertilines G H and I K, Fig. 1. cal longitudinal section of a modified form of construction on the planes L M and N 0, Fig. 4. Fig. I is 'a vertical transverse section on lines P Q and-R S, Fig. 3.. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are horizontal sections, respectively, on lines T U, Figs. 1 and 3, V W, Fig. 3, and V W, Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a horizontal section through. the distributing-channel on line X Y, Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse section through a battery of four adjacentcoke-ovens, drawn on a larger scale and serving to illustrate the four different methods of using the ovens. Figs. 10, 11, 12, '13, and 14 show the different blocks and stories employed for clos-.

ing the charging-shafts of the ovens according to the different methods of using the same, and Fig. 15 is a perspective view-of a modified form of sole-plate used in connection with the ovens.

Simillar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

\ furnaces. the condensers is supplied through twyers e.

A group or battery of coke-ovens I II III IV are arranged sidewise of each other and provVided at their arched top portions with shafts F for charging them, said shafts being closed by covers X at their upper ends. The charging-shafts F are connected by lateral channels f" with the longitudinal distributingflues a, which are located between said shafts and above the return-gas flue b, so that the gas can be conducted from the distributingfiues a to the returngas lines I) and from the latter into the vertical fines m. When the ovens are fired with return-gas, the lateral channels f in the charging-shafts F are closed by blocks B and at the same time the distributing-fines a above the return-gas fiues closed by means of sliding dampers d, as shown in Fig. 8, so that the closing is a twofold one. Below the dues a and b the gas-combustion dues and air-supply pipes are the same whether the ovens are used with a direct or indirect supply of gas. The different closing devices permit at any time and without any changesof construction the conversion of the ovens from direct to indirect supply, and vice versa, sothat the ovens canbe used, as desired, as flame-ovens or as gas-ovens.

The location of the return-gas fiues b below the distributing-fines a has for its object to preventthe overheating of the upper portions of the ovens, so as to obtain the highest possible yield of tar and ammonia.

From the return-gas flues the gases are conducted bytwyersc to the vertical combustionflues m 'and fromthesame to the sole-channels below the'ovens and from there into the main draft-channel connected with the boiler- The return-gas which comes from into the return-gas flues b, said twyers being located in the front and rear walls of the battery, so as to be easily and convenientlyregu- 'lated, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 at V W and and V W.

The supply. of. air is accomplished in the following manner: The air is first taken up by four large arched foundation-channels L, which are connected, by small vertical chan nels K, with the cooling-channels, Figs. 1 and 3, T U, the channels K being provided with slides g on the crowns of the channels L.

"in Fig. 10) are employed.

The air after circulating in the cooling-channels is subjected to a preliminary heating in the same and then conducted, by means of the air-pipes K which are arranged in the partition-walls between the ovens, through small openings at into the heating-fines m, the air beinghighly heated in the pipes K and drawn below the entrance of the gases into the said flues. The main regulation is accomplished by means of sliding dampers located in the sole-channels below the ovens in the usual manner. The gas-supply channels and airsupply pipes are comparatively short and are arranged on the counter-current principle,

the gases being conducted from the upper toward the lower part of the fines m and the air from the lower toward the upper part of the supply-pipes K until they are brought in contact and mingled together at the small supply-openings n of the combustion-fines m.

The arched tops of the ovens of each battery, as well as the front and side walls of the same, are closed and without any other openings than those required for the charging-shafts F and the inlet-openings for the gas-twyers e and the steam-twyers. (Shown in Figs. 1 and 3, line X Y.) In addition thereto each oven is provided with a shaft for drawing off the gases when used with an indirect supply. Any excess of gas which is obtained with a direct supply can, as the upper distributing-channels are connected with each other, as shown in Fig. 8, be drawn oif at both sides of the battery and conducted by a special shaft in the end wall of the battery, which is closed with a sliding damper, into the main draft-channel, so as to enrich the furnacegases. \Vith an indirect supply the surplus of gas is collected unused as purified gas in a gas-drum and conducted from there for use in gas-motors or for use as illuminating-gas or mixed and burned with the furnace-gases.

Fig. 9 shows the ovens in connection with the different closing devices for the four different supplies employed. Oven I is used for direct supply with hand-charging of the fuel. In this case the arched blocks A (shown Oven II is used for direct supply with mechanical charging of coal. In this case the arched closing-blocks A are also used. Oven III is used for indirect supply with hand-charging of coal, while oven IV is used for indirect supply with mechanical' charging of coal.

In oven II the charging-shaft is closed by a plugged stone 0 in addition to the arched blocks A, as shown in Figs. 9 and 12, while in oven III the closing is accomplished by solid blocks B, as shown in Figs. 9 and 11, and in oven IV the closing is accomplished by blocks B, plugged stones D, and closingstones E in the arches, as shown in Figs. 9, 11, 13, and 14.

As the charging-shafts F cannot be dispensed with, it is advisable to make them of vided with two combustion-spaces in the walls between the same and with one intermediate air-heating space.

Figs. 3 and 4 show the arrangement of a joint combustion-space between two ovens and the arrangement of the air-channels -in the binder-stones between the same. The gas and air supply is produced symmetrically through flues a b, which are divided centrally of their length. The sole or bottom channel is not divided, but extended throughoutits whole length and provided at its end with a slide at the point of connection with the main draft-channel. The doors at the ends of the ovens are raised or lowered by suitable mechanism. (Not shown.)

In the distributing-fines a is arranged a steam-supplypipewhichiscond ucted throughout the length of the battery and which has between two adjacent ovens a small twyer with stop-cock. The opening of this stop-cock for a few minutes is suflicient for removing the deposits of soot which are formed when strongly-sooting coal is used. Heretofore one or more men had to be employed for opening the flues at suitable points for some time and cleaning them with tools or by pouring water into the hot fines, so as to get them clear of soot. With coal that is liable to bake it is necessary to arrange in the soleplates of the ovens for the purpose of increasing the yield of tar and ammonia a raised longitudinal channel provided with small outlet-orifices, as shown in Fig. 15. The object of this arrangement is to introduce through the small outlet-orifices a supply of superheated steam and influence thereby the formation of gases, so as to obtain a higher yield of tar and ammonia, which has been verified by a series of tests that have been made in some of the largest gas factories. These sole-plates are not used when the coal employed is not baking or when stress is laid more on the qual ity of the coke than on a high yield of tar and ammonia, so that in this case the ovens are provided with the usual sole-plates.

The diflerent accessories by which the conversion of the ovens and the gas and air flues can be adapted for the direct and indirect supply of gas are handled in an easy and simple manner. All the parts are readily accessible, especially where it is necessary to introduce the supply of material or clean the parts. The gas-lines can be readily inspected by means of small openings in the closingstones, which openings are closed by detachable plugs, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- -1. The combination of a battery of cokeovens provided with charging-shafts at their top parts, gas-distributing .flues connected by lateral channels with said shafts, returngas flues below the upper fiues, connectingchannels between the gas distributing and return flues, vertical combustion-fines in the partition-walls of the ovens, sole-channels below the ovens connected with th'ewcombustion-flues, and air-supply pipes connecting with openings in the upper ends of the combustion flues, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shaftsat the top parts of the same, gas-distributin g channels between said charging-shafts, lateral channels between the shafts and distributing-channels, gas-return channels below the distributing-channels and connected therewith, vertical combustionfiues in the partition-walls of the ovens,twyers between the return-gas channels and combustion-fines, air-supply pipes terminating in the upper part of the combustion-fines, and sole-channels below the ovens connected with the combustion-fines, substantially as set forth. 4

3. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, air-channels located in the foundation of the same, intermediate channels located between the sole-channels and'the crown-0f the air-channels, channels connecting the airchannels with said intermediate channels, combustion-fines in the partition-walls between the ovens, gas-distributing and returngas lines above said combustion-fines and connected therewith, air-supply pipes terminating in openings at the upper parts of'said combustion-fines, and connected with the intermediate channels, and a sole-channel connected with the lower ends of the combustionfiues, substantially as set forth. v

. 4. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shafts connected'with thetop parts of the same, closing-covers for the upper ends of said shafts, gas-distributing blocks in said channels, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shafts connected with the top parts of the same, closing-covers for the upper ends of said shafts, gas-distributing fines between said shafts, lateral channels connecting said flues with the shafts, and arched blocks in said channels, substantially as set forth. V

'6. The combination of a battery of coke ovens, charging-shafts connected with the. top parts of the same, closing-covers for the upper ends of said shafts, gas-distributing lines between said shafts, lateral channels connecting said flues with the shafts, blocks in said lateral channels, and closing-stones between said blocks, substantially as set forth. a

7. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shafts connected with the top parts of the same, closing-covers for the upper ends of said shafts, gas-distributing flues between said shafts, lateral channels connecting said fines with the shafts, arched blocks in said lateral channels, and plugged closing-stones between said blocks, substan tially as set forth.

8. The combination of a battery of cokeovens, charging-shafts connected with the top parts of the same, closing-covers for the upper ends of said shafts, gas-d stributing flues between said shafts,.lateral channels connecting said flues with the shafts, blocks in said lateral channels, closing-stones between said blocks, and closing-stones in the crowns of the ovens,- substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name inpres ence of two subscribing Witnesses.

' THEODOR VON BAUER.- Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HnsPER.