US1025419A - Coke-oven. - Google Patents

Description

R. S. MOSS Y.

COKE ovm;

APPLIOATION FILED tis. 7, 1911. 1,025,41 9, Patentd May 7, 1912.

3 SHEETS-BHEET 1.

INVENTOR R. S. MOSS.

COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 7, 1911.

Patented May 7, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

SSES

WITNE QM/4%@ M w Q SQ, www sm n, M W, mw ww f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT S. MOSS, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH T0 ARTHUR ROBERTS, OF EVANSTON, ILLINOIS, AND ONE-FOURTH T0 EDWARD ANDERSON,

or oHIcAGo, ILLINOIS.

COKE-OVEN.

`Specification of Letters Patent.-

Applcation led February 7, 1911.

Patented May 7, 1912.

Serial No. 607,148.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT S. Moss, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coke-Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

, My invention relates to that type of coking apparatus in which the air which supplies t-he oxygen for the combustion of the burning gases, used to heat the retort or oven, is continuously heated by the interchange of the heat of the productslof combustion through the intervening walls of their respective passages.

The principal object of the present. invention is to provide in a coke oven a simple arrangement of flues for the combustible gases, for the waste products, and for the' admission of air, all of which shall be s0 arranged with respect to each other that a most general distribution of heat around the coking chamber will be effected, and that the air prior to its admission with the combustible gases will be preheated withoutconsuming an appreciable amount of live heat from the lues surrounding the oven.

The invention further consists in the fea tures of construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a transverse section of an oven on line 1--1 of Fig. 4; Fig. 2 a side elevation of an oven with the walls partly broken away; Fig. 3 a transverse section of an oven on line 3-3 of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 a horizontal section on line 4-4 of Fig. l; Fig. 5 a transverse section of an oven showing a modified form of `construction; Fig. 6, a horizontal sect-ion through several ovens showing an arrangement by which a single air lue is utilized between two adjacent ovens; Fig. 7 a view similar to Fig. 6, showing vertical supports extending throughout said air flue; and Fig. 8 a detail of thelower end of an oven.

In the coke oven of the retort or closed chamber type, the heat necessary to carry on the coking operation is generally supplied by the combustible gases that are expelled from the coal.

In the present invention it is sought to provide means by which air may be preheated without impairing the efficiency of the oven, which air may then be mixed with the combustible gases to support the combustion and increase the intensity of the heat thereof.

In describing my invention, reference will be made to one oven only, but it is to be understood, that in actual operation any desirable number of such ovens may be arranged to form a battery, and all the ovens being identical, a minute description of only one oven is deemed necessary.

My invention comprises a closed oven 6 of usual fire brick construction, having an arched roof 7. In the form of oven illustrated in the drawings, there is shown at the front end thereof, a heavy tire brick construction 2l, formed with an insulating air space 22, and rovided on the outside thereof with a vertically sliding door 23 of usual construction. During the coking operation, it is intended that said door shall be sealed with clay, or other suitable plastic substance, to effectually prevent t-he radiation of heat from wit-hin the coking chamber to the outside air. It is customary to provide ovens of this type with openings in their roof portions through which the distilled gases are drawn olf into an exhaust flue, and thence educted away to be relieved of their by-products. These combustible gases are then returned to the ovens through pipes 8 to be utilized to maintain the heat around the ovens.

As best shown in 3, the Walls surrounding the ovens are traversed on one side thereof by a series of vertical lues 9, which are connected by passages 10, crossing under the oven to a series of tlues 11, which extend vertically along the opposite side thereof. Close Ito the top of the oven, a transverse passage 12 connects the ue 11 with another vertical flue 13 which leads downward to a flue 14 which is in connection with the stack. The flue which is representedby the passages 9, 10, and l1, is designed for the reception of the combustible gases and products of combustion. Its position with regard to the closed oven 6 is such that the heat produced by complete combustion of the combustible gases therein will be imparted to effect the distilling of the coking coal within the oven. These lines, for the reception of combustible gases, are arranged, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 4, in series with one` another, being positioned .to the coking chamber.

The supply pipes 8, which are arranged in parallel order along each oven, have branch connections 15, provided with controlling valres 16, located directly in alinement with the flues 9, so that nozzles 17 may extend therein. In. the arrangement of the series of heating 'lues surrounding the coking chamber, the passages 9 in which the nozzles enter, are situated on opposite sides of the oven throughout the series, so that the gas entering through the nozzles is admitted, as regards the series of flues, first on one side of the oven and then the other. The passages 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, being arranged in alternate order, as' indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, it follows that the nozzles are positioned in alternate relation, in order to connect with the flues 9. This alternating arrangement of the flues insures throughout the length ot the oven, even distribution of heat from the combustible gases, which is highly essential to the production of aneven quality of coke.

In order that the combustion ofthe gases in the flues surrounding the coking chambers may be most complete, it is desirable that air which has been raised to a very high temperature, be admitted to support said combustion. In my invention this heating of the air to prepare it for mixture with the combustible gases is accomplished by providing iues 18 adjacentthe passages 9 and 13, extending longitudinally along the oven, having openings 19 in their lower portions, and connections 20 with the passages 9 at the points where the nozzles project the combustible gases into the lues. The lues 18 lie adjacent the liues 13 in which combustion of the gases is taking place, and the radiant heat is imparted by the gases to the walls separating the said tlues, by which means the heat is communic'ated to the air in the passage 18. The air during its passage from the opening 19 to the top of the oven is raised to a very high temperature and is rendered suitable to support combustion of the gases surrounding the coking chamber. The necessary quantity of oxygen to be supplied and the amount of air that can be properly heated where this design of oven is employed, can of course, be properly predetermined before its construction to secure the maximum degree of eiiciency. The location of the air iues 18 with respect to the heating tlues is such that only'waste heat is utilized -to raise the air to its high temperature. There is considerable heatl imparted by the combustible gases that is not, ab-

. sorbed by the coking chamber, but is communicated throughout the brick work'and eventually radiates o f into the air.' It is designed that the air flues shall be arranged to utilize such heat. It is readily apparent that when a series of ovens are banked t0- gether to form a battery, that the air passages will lic intermediate the coking chambers and that the heat imparted to them will be communicated from the ovens on either side. It is also apparent that when said passages are thus positioned intermediate heating filles, the air in said passages Will be raised to a greater temperature than where heat is radiated to it from one side only, as is illustrated in the drawing.

In Fig. 5 is shown a modified form of the oven just described. It differs from my preferred form mainly in that the horizontal flue 10 under the oven is eliminated, and the passages 10, 12, and 13, for combustible gases are all situated, as regards any one of the series of the fines, on one side of the oven. The fines 18 in which the air is heated to a high temperature are in the form of pipes or tubes lying in the passages 13, and are made with openings at the lower end for the admission of the air, and connections at the upper end to deliver the heated air at the point where the combustible gases enter the ilues.

The introduction of the heated air and 'combustible gases to the heating tlues in the oven of my kinvention is at points substantially level with the top of the oven and along the length thereof. The lines extend downwardly along the coke chamber, then below the oven, and upwardly again, surrounding the said coking chamber on three sides. The flues do not extend over the oven in any place, the sides and lower portion of the coking chamber being subjected as is most desirable to the heat produced by combustion of the gases in the ues. Moreover, it is to be noted that the maximum heat produced by the combustion of the gases in the heating lues will be delivered relatively close to the top of the oven near the point of induction of said gases which will cause the coking operation to begin at. the top layer of coal and proceed downward.

Inas'much as the complete combustion of the gases produces the maximum temperature in the flue 9, it is evident that the coal adjacent that side of the oven tends to coke sooner than that on the other side thereof. In order to overcome such an objection, I have provided a unique construction of each series ot' iues, arranging them alternately so that throughout the length of the oven, the lucs 9, in which the gases are introduced, extend along the coking chamber on each side, thereby eitfecting an equal distribution of the heat around the oven. A further advantage s secured in introducing the gases to the iues through nozzles at the top of the oven. Whenever it is desired to regulate the flow of said gases through the nozzles, the

form that will'embody the principles of my.

invention.

I claim:

l. In a coke oven, a retort, a series of heating lues extending around said retort, means for admitting gas to said fines, the induction ends of said fines being arranged on opposite sides of the retort and alternately with respect to each of said series of flues, means for educting the products of combustion, air flues communicating at one terminus thereof with said heating lues, said air iues extending between their termini in close'proximity to the heating fines, whereby the ra.

diant heat from the burning gas is utilized to heat the air prior to its commingling with the gas, substantially as described.

2. In a coke oven, a retort, a series of heating iiues extending around sald retort, means for admitting gas to said iues at a point substantially level with the top of said re tort, the induction ends of said flues being arranged on opposite sides of'theretort and alternately with respect to each of said series of fines, means for educting the productsl ofcombustion, air `fines com'municating,atenel terminus thereof withsaid lieatingrueasaidf :l h air tlues extending between their termini in ff close proximity to the heatinflues, whereby the radiant heat from the urning gas is utilized to heat the air prior vto its commingling with the gas, substantially as described.

3. In a coke oven, a'plurality of retorts, a

series of heating tiues extending around each of said retorts,'means for admitting gas to said fines, the induction ends` of said flues being arranged on opposite sides of the retorts and alternately wit 1 respect to each of said series of figues, means for educting the products of combustion, air `fiues' communicating atfone terminus. thereof with said heating iues, said lair iues extending between their termini Qinv close proximity to the heating lues and,l intermediate the same, whereby the radiant heat from the burning gas is uti lized to heat the air prior to its commingling with the gas, substantially as described.

4. In a1 coke. oven, a plurality of retorts, a seriesiofi heating fines extending around each of said retorts, means for admitting as to said fines at a point substantially leve with the top of said retort, the induction ends of 'said flues being arranged-on opposite sides of the retort and alternately each of said series of iues, ing the" products of combustion, air flues communicating at one terminus thereof with said heating flues, said air lues extending between their :termini in lclose proximity to the `heating flues and intermediate the same, whereby the radiant heat `from the burning gas isp-utilized to heat the air prior to its with respect to commingling with` the gas, substantially as described. f y y l 5.' 'In a coke oven,'a retort, a series of iues extending in a direction longitudinally of said retort, and terminating in planes marking approximately the upper and lower edges, of'said retort, a portion of said tluesbeing heat-ing flues, a portion return fines, and a portion airlines, the heating `iues lying closest` toy the retort, the air iues lying farthestfro'in the-retort, and the return fines being, Aintg'iQiiljliediate the heating and air iiues,

'yarelatiyely thick wall is interposed betweenthefheatingand.air iiues, and a rela t-,vely'f-thin,.Wall interposed 4between the return and'air'iiues, 'substantially as described.

E' ROBERTS. MOSS.

W itnesses: v

y ARTHUR ROBERTS,

WALKER BANNING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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