US7367676B2 - Film feed mechanism in a motion-picture camera - Google Patents

Film feed mechanism in a motion-picture camera Download PDF

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Publication number
US7367676B2
US7367676B2 US10/519,320 US51932005A US7367676B2 US 7367676 B2 US7367676 B2 US 7367676B2 US 51932005 A US51932005 A US 51932005A US 7367676 B2 US7367676 B2 US 7367676B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
transport
grip
film
transport grip
kinematics
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Expired - Fee Related, expires
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US10/519,320
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English (en)
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US20050206845A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Trauninger
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Arnold and Richter Cine Technik GmbH and Co KG
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Arnold and Richter Cine Technik GmbH and Co KG
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Assigned to ARNOLD & RICHTER CINE TECHNIK GMBH & CO. BETRIEBS KG reassignment ARNOLD & RICHTER CINE TECHNIK GMBH & CO. BETRIEBS KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TRAUNINGER, WALTER
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B1/00—Film strip handling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B1/00—Film strip handling
    • G03B1/18—Moving film strip by means which act on the film between the ends thereof
    • G03B1/20—Acting means
    • G03B1/22—Claws or pins engaging holes in the film

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a film feed mechanism in a motion picture camera.
  • a film feed mechanism is known in a motion picture camera which comprises a transport grip and a transport gearing.
  • the transport grip consists of a transport grip clip which has at one end at least one transport grip tip which moves the motion film, which is to be transported and has a perforated edge, step by step past the exposure window.
  • a center section of the transport grip clip is connected through an articulated grip joint to a crank which has in its rotational axis a drive shaft which is coupled to a film transport motor.
  • the end of the transport grip clip opposite the transport grip tip is connected to a swing bar which can swivel about a swing axis and which is fitted with a locking grip which at the end of a film transport step owing to the contra movement of the locking grip and transport grip projects into a sprocket hole of the film perforation and secures the picture state of the motion film during exposure of the film picture.
  • the transport gear which is formed from the crank and the swing bar moves the transport grip so that the transport grip tip runs through an elongated curve which is closed per se and which at one end enters into the film running face and at the other end leaves it again so that the distance between the two reversing tips determines the length of travel of the transport grip and thus a film transport step.
  • the swing bar axis of the swing bar which determines the mutual movement of the locking grip and the transport grip as well as the effective length of the swing bar and crank can be changed.
  • the transport grip must transport the motion film always exactly by the length of travel, i.e., the distance between the reversing points of the curved path which is described by the transport grip tips must be constant.
  • the length of travel of the transport grip tips changes, i.e. in the event of different length film transport steps not only does the distance of the exposed film pictures change relative to each other but the tip of the locking grip projecting into a corresponding sprocket hole of the moving film is no longer in exact alignment with the relevant sprocket hole and strikes an edge of the perforation and thereby damages the moving film.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a film feed mechanism of the type already mentioned which ensures a constantly correct length of travel with each film transport step of the transport grip over the entire picture frequency range.
  • the solution according to the invention ensures a constantly correct length of travel of the transport grip over the entire picture frequency range and thus an exact mutual spacing between the film pictures which are exposed and are to be exposed of the motion picture film camera.
  • the solution according to the invention is based on the idea of compensating the unavoidable deformation of the transport grip tips resulting from the mass forces acting on same in dependence on the film transport speed and thus of producing and maintaining the predetermined exact length of travel.
  • the kinematics of the transport grip can be dynamically changed as the film transport speed changes or can be statically altered when setting the film transport speed.
  • the kinematics of the transport grip can be statically preset with the target for the desired film transport speed and can be combined with a dynamic regulation during film transport and changing film transport speed.
  • One advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention is characterised in that as the film transport speed rises the reversing points of the transport grip clip are moved towards each other.
  • the kinematics of the transport grip are preferably changed by altering the relative position between the transport grip and a grip drive connected for articulated movement with the transport grip.
  • the kinematics of the transport grip can be changed by shifting the attachment of the end of the transport grip clip opposite the transport grip tip on a control element which controls the projecting movement of the transport grip and a locking grip projecting into the film perforation at the end of a film transport step so that the locking grip releases the motion film again when the transport grip projects again into the film perforation.
  • the attachment of the transport grip on the control element can be shifted towards the axis of the control element as the film transport speed increases.
  • Changing the kinematics of the transport grip through intervention in the kinematics by adjusting suitable points of the kinematics can be carried out both electrically and mechanically.
  • An electrical adjustment of the kinematics of the transport grip is caused by changing an actuating signal sent by a camera control to an electrically actuated control member whereby the control member can consist of a servo motor which is connected directly or indirectly to the transport grip clip or the attachment on the control element.
  • the camera control can change the actuating signal continuously or discontinuously in dependence on the film transport speed.
  • a mechanical adjustment of the kinematics of the transport grip can take place by means of a mechanical control member connected to the grip drive or to the transport grip and preferably consisting of a centrifugal force regulator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic view of a film feed mechanism with the curved path of a transport grip
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic view of a change in the kinematics of the transport grip with different transport speeds through a displacement of the drive axis of a crank drive;
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic view of a change in the kinematics of the transport grip with different transport speeds through shifting the connection of the transport grip clip on a control element
  • FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatic view of an electrical change in the kinematics of the transport grip by means of a servo motor and a speed-dependent actuating signal which is issued by the camera control.
  • the film feed mechanism illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 1 serves to transport a moving film 1 whose edge or edges is/are provided with a perforation (sprocket holes) 10 .
  • the film feed mechanism has at least one transport grip 2 and at least one locking grip 3 , i.e. either a transport and locking grip 2 , 3 engaging in a perforation on one side, or two transport and locking grips 2 , 3 which engage in perforations on both sides.
  • the film feed contains a film drive with a drive shaft 6 which is connected to a film transport motor (not shown in further detail), a crank 4 and a control element 5 .
  • the or each transport grip 2 and locking grip 3 is designed as a projecting grip and has at ends facing the moving film 1 one or more transport grip tips 21 or locking grip tips 31 which project alternately into the sprocket holes 10 of the moving film 1 .
  • the at least one transport grip 2 has a transport grip clip 20 which at one end has a transport grip tip 21 and at the other end is connected to an attachment 24 on the control element 5 which swings or rotates about a control element axis 50 .
  • a center section of the transport grip clip 20 is connected through a grip joint 22 to a first crank arm 41 of the crank 4 which is connected through a crank joint 43 to a second crank arm 42 which is attached to the drive shaft 6 .
  • the at least one locking grip 3 includes a locking grip pin 30 which has at one end the locking grip tip 31 and at the other end is connected through a locking grip clip 33 to a locking grip lever 32 which is attached through an attachment 34 to the control element 5 .
  • the movement of the transport grip 2 during a film transport step is composed in accordance with the kinematics of the transport grip 2 described above of a horizontal movement and a vertical movement so that during transport of the moving film 1 the transport grip tip 21 describes the curved path B diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the transport grip 21 leaves the film sprocket 10 and the locking grip tip 31 projects into a sprocket hole 10 which is aligned with the locking grip tip 31 thereby ensuring a fixed picture state of the moving film 1 from which the part to be exposed is positioned in front of the picture window which is released during exposure of the film 1 through an aperture mounted in front of the picture window.
  • FIG. 1 shows the transport grip 2 in the two end positions when the transport grip tip 21 is located in the reversing points P 1 and P 2 , and shows the locking grip 3 during projection of the locking grip tip 31 into the film perforation 10 or after leaving the film plane.
  • the pre-requirement for a correct picture state i.e. a constant distance between two successive film pictures to be exposed is an exact observance of the length of travel L of the transport grip 2 between the upper reversing point P 1 and the lower reversing point P 2 of the curved path B. If the film feed mechanism is provided like the film feed mechanism illustrated in FIG.
  • the decisive feature for maintaining the exact length of travel L is the exact geometric positioning of the transport grip tip 21 at the upper and lower reversing points P 1 , P 2 .
  • a deformation of the transport grip tip 21 which is dependent on the film transport speed occurs at the reversing points P 1 and P 2 which leads to the transport grip tip 21 being bent upwards at the upper reversing point P 1 and downwards at the lower reversing point P 2 .
  • This deformation of the transport grip tip 21 as a result of mass forces results in an extension of the length of travel L as the film transport speed increases.
  • a change in the kinematics of the transport grip 2 can basically take place in many different ways. It is essential that the vertical motion components of the transport grip clip 20 is reduced as the film transport speed rises so that taking into account the mass forces engaging on the transport grip tip 21 and the resulting deformation of the transport grip tip 21 the position of the upper and lower reversing points P 1 , P 2 of the transport grip tip 21 is observed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first possibility of compensating the extension of the length of travel L caused by the deformation of the transport grip tip 21 , i.e. of counteracting a change in the film transport step caused by the deformation of the transport grip tip 21 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a second variation of compensating the extension in the length of travel L caused by the deformation of the transport grip tip 21 , i.e. of counteracting a change of film transport step caused by the deformation of the transport grip tip 21 .
  • the kinematics of the transport grip 2 are changed by a shift in the attachment 24 of the end of the transport grip clip 20 opposite the transport grip tip 21 on the control element 5 in that for example as the film transport speed increases the attachment 24 to the control element axis 50 is moved, i.e. from point K (reversing point) to point (reversing point) K′.
  • the attachment 24 is thus located at point K 1 ′, whilst it is located in the case of the lower reversing point P 2 at point K 2 ′.
  • One possibility of moving the points A and K mechanically lies in connecting the switch for adjusting the film transport speed mechanically to a slider which moves the film drive during a change in the film transport speed so that there is the desired change illustrated in FIG. 2 of the kinematics of the transport grip 2 .
  • Empirically determined values can thereby be taken into consideration so that with a corresponding rise in the film transport speed the exact length of travel L of the transport grip 2 is observed.
  • An alternative embodiment consists in connecting the film drive to a centrifugal force regulator which in dependence on the film transport speed generates a continuous or stepped change in the position of the point A according to FIG. 2 and thus an approach of the reversing points G 1 and G 2 of the grip joint 22 as well as a continuous or stepped change in the position of point K according to FIG. 3 and thus a displacement of the reversing points K 1 and K 2 of the attachment of the transport grip clip 20 .
  • FIG. 4 shows diagrammatically an electrical displacement of the position of the drive shaft 6 which is mounted together with the film transport motor (not shown) on a plate 7 which is connected to a servo motor 8 through an adjusting spindle 70 .
  • An actuation of the servo motor 8 causes a displacement of the plate 7 in the direction of the double arrow S according to FIG. 4 so that the drive shaft 6 and thus the centre of the crank 4 moves into a position dependent on the film transport speed for approaching the reversing points G 1 and G 2 of the grip joint 22 .
  • the servo motor 8 is connected to a camera control 9 which sends an electrical actuating signal to the servo motor 8 which depends on the adjusted film transport speed.
  • This actuating signal can be sent steplessly for each desired film transport speed from the camera control 9 to the servo motor 8 .
  • a discontinuous change in the position of the plate 7 takes place in dependence on fixed predetermined film transport speeds.
  • a continuous change can also be carried out in the kinematics of the transport grip 2 in dependence on a continuously changing film transport speed by way of example for producing special picture effects so that also in this type of use an exact picture state as well as a smooth handling of the moving film 1 are ensured.
  • this adjustment can also take place relative to the attachment 24 of the transport grip clip 20 on the control element 5 in that for example the attachment 24 is connected to a cam plate whose alignment is influenced by means of the servo motor 8 .

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
  • Details Of Cameras Including Film Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Camera Bodies And Camera Details Or Accessories (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
US10/519,320 2002-06-26 2003-06-11 Film feed mechanism in a motion-picture camera Expired - Fee Related US7367676B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10229380A DE10229380B4 (de) 2002-06-26 2002-06-26 Filmschaltwerk in einer Laufbild-Filmaufnahmekamera
DE10229380.5 2002-06-26
PCT/DE2003/001987 WO2004003657A1 (de) 2002-06-26 2003-06-11 Filmschaltwerk in einer laufbild-filmaufnahmekamera

Publications (2)

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US20050206845A1 US20050206845A1 (en) 2005-09-22
US7367676B2 true US7367676B2 (en) 2008-05-06

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US10/519,320 Expired - Fee Related US7367676B2 (en) 2002-06-26 2003-06-11 Film feed mechanism in a motion-picture camera

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US7367676B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1527372B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE366427T1 (de)
DE (2) DE10229380B4 (de)
WO (1) WO2004003657A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060146286A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2006-07-06 Klemens Kehrer Device for conveying a motion picture film
US20080036968A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2008-02-14 Walter Trauninger Film-Feeding Mechanism

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1120269B (de) 1960-08-12 1961-12-21 Dresden Feinmess Kurbelgetriebe fuer einen D-Greifer einer kinematographischen Kamera
DE1199127B (de) 1964-07-23 1965-08-19 Elbe Kamera Gmbh Geschwindigkeitsregler fuer Laufbildkameras
US3524573A (en) 1968-08-09 1970-08-18 Dejur Amsco Corp Intermittent film transport means for motion picture projector
DE2042891A1 (de) 1970-08-29 1972-03-02 Ed Lie Segang Fa Schmalfilmprojektor
US3774828A (en) 1972-10-13 1973-11-27 Gaf Corp Step motion projector
US3791566A (en) 1970-12-08 1974-02-12 Agfa Gevaert Ag Intermittent for cinematographic apparatus
US4003647A (en) 1974-09-10 1977-01-18 U.S. Philips Corporation Claw mechanism
US4402581A (en) * 1980-01-04 1983-09-06 Fritz Bauer Claw feed mechanism
US4801906A (en) 1987-10-19 1989-01-31 General Electric Company Molded case circuit breaker trip indicator unit
DE3835829C1 (de) 1988-10-21 1989-12-14 Arnold & Richter Cine Technik Gmbh & Co Betriebs Kg, 8000 Muenchen, De

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1120269B (de) 1960-08-12 1961-12-21 Dresden Feinmess Kurbelgetriebe fuer einen D-Greifer einer kinematographischen Kamera
DE1199127B (de) 1964-07-23 1965-08-19 Elbe Kamera Gmbh Geschwindigkeitsregler fuer Laufbildkameras
US3524573A (en) 1968-08-09 1970-08-18 Dejur Amsco Corp Intermittent film transport means for motion picture projector
DE2042891A1 (de) 1970-08-29 1972-03-02 Ed Lie Segang Fa Schmalfilmprojektor
US3791566A (en) 1970-12-08 1974-02-12 Agfa Gevaert Ag Intermittent for cinematographic apparatus
US3774828A (en) 1972-10-13 1973-11-27 Gaf Corp Step motion projector
US4003647A (en) 1974-09-10 1977-01-18 U.S. Philips Corporation Claw mechanism
US4402581A (en) * 1980-01-04 1983-09-06 Fritz Bauer Claw feed mechanism
US4801906A (en) 1987-10-19 1989-01-31 General Electric Company Molded case circuit breaker trip indicator unit
DE3835329A1 (de) 1987-10-19 1989-04-27 Gen Electric Ausloesesignalanzeiger und damit ausgeruesteter selbstschalter
DE3835829C1 (de) 1988-10-21 1989-12-14 Arnold & Richter Cine Technik Gmbh & Co Betriebs Kg, 8000 Muenchen, De
US5225860A (en) 1988-10-21 1993-07-06 Arnold & Richter Cine Technik Gmbh & Co. Film transport for a motion picture camera

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
English translation of the IPER for International application No. PCT/DE2003/001987, dated Oct. 12, 2004,in the name of Arnold & Richter Cine Technik GmbH & Co. Betriebs KG.
Weise; "Kinogeratetechnik" (Technology for apparatuses), Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Geest & Porting D.-G., Leipzig C1, 1950, pp. 68-81 (partial translation previously filed).

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060146286A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2006-07-06 Klemens Kehrer Device for conveying a motion picture film
US7566136B2 (en) * 2003-06-17 2009-07-28 Arnold & Richter Cine Technik Gmbh & Co. Device for conveying a motion picture film
US20080036968A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2008-02-14 Walter Trauninger Film-Feeding Mechanism
US7828442B2 (en) * 2003-09-25 2010-11-09 Arnold & Richter Cine Technik Gmbh & Co. Betriebs Kg Film-feeding mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE366427T1 (de) 2007-07-15
DE10229380A1 (de) 2004-02-05
DE50307623D1 (de) 2007-08-16
EP1527372B1 (de) 2007-07-04
DE10229380B4 (de) 2004-05-13
WO2004003657A1 (de) 2004-01-08
EP1527372A1 (de) 2005-05-04
US20050206845A1 (en) 2005-09-22

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