US733722A - Turbine-engine. - Google Patents

Description

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- 7 im MODEL.

INVENTOR 'ATTORNEY' PEIERS cu, wwuumg" WASHINGTGN/OJ'IL PATENTED' JULY 14, 1903.

S. VLOUNT.

TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H0 MODEL.

INVENTOR WITN ESSES ATTORNEY rammed. Jur 14, 1 903;

PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL LOUNT, oF BARRIE, CANADA.

TURBINE-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 733,722, dated July 14, 1903.

Application filed June 9, 1902. Serial No. 110,861. (No modell! To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL LOUNT, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Barrie, county of Simcoe, Province of Ontario, and Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine Engines or Motors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates in general to impactengines adapted to be propelled by elastic fluids under pressure, and more specifically relates to an improved form of rotary steamengine in which the rotating wheel, provided with a series of buckets, vanes, or other proj ections, is driven by the impact of a current of steam discharged against said projections from a suitable nozzle.

The object of my inventionis to utilize to the greatest extent possible the energy represented by said current of steam or other fluid by causing the fluid after it has struck the projections and been deflected thereby to return and again strike the buckets or projections at another point of the wheel, and so on until it is finally discharged from the casing of the engine to the condenser or to the atmosphere. The preferred form of apparatus for accomplishing this result and one modification thereof are illustrated in the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which Figure 1 is a central section at right angles to the engine-shaft, showing one form of my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken parallel to the engine shaft and passing through the same along the line 2 2 of Fig.1 looking in the direction of the arrowA. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the segments which together form the casing of the engine. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the same segment upon the other side. Fig. 5 is a side view of the rotating engine-wheel with a portion of the casing therefor, in which the fluid is admitted at the side of the wheel, as in the De Laval turbine; and Fig. 6 is a cross-section through the buckets and surrounding casing of the construction shown in Fig. 5, the same being enlarged and developed on the plane of the sheet of drawing.

Throughout the drawings like reference-figures indicate like parts.

The engine shaft 1 carries the rotating wheel 2, fastened thereto in any convenient manner. Said wheel is provided with the circumferential projections or indentations 3, forming buckets or vanes into and against which the steam or other fluid is discharged. As shown in Fig. 2, two circumferential rows of such buckets are provided, separated by a central ridge.

The casing of the engine is composed of a series of segments 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, which are provided with suitable flanges, pierced with bolt-holes 20 20, through which the bolts 20 are passed to bind the whole together. The shaft 1 is journaled in bearings formed in the side plates 30 30. (See Fig. 2.)

An inlet-pipe 10 receives the steam or other fluid under pressure from the source of supply thereof and discharges it through the nozzle 11 against the projections 3 on the wheel or driven member of the engine. An exhaustchamber 12 is cored out in the segment 4,

into which the steam passes after striking the buckets and being deflected therefrom. 13 is an opening in the end wall of this segment, through which the exhausted steam passes to the nozzle 14., located in the next segment 5. This nozzle projects through the slot 15 in the inner curved wall 17 of this segment 5 and discharges the steam again against the buckets 3. After striking said buckets the steam is deflected through the slot 15 around the nozzle 14 into the exhaust-chamber 18. From the exhaustchamber 18 the steam passes through the opening 19 in the end of the segment to the nozzle in the next succeeding section, and so on until it is discharged into the exhaust-chamber in the last segment 9, from which it escapes by the exhaust connection 22.

As shown in the drawings, each nozzle 14: is inserted through an opening 16 in the end wall of the segment. It might, however, be cast integral therewith. Each segment is so formed as to leave a bridge 21 between the nozzle in one segment and the exhaust-chamber in the next segment to prevent the direct passage-of steam from one-nozzle, as 11, to the succeeding exhaust-chamber, as 18.

In the modification shown in Figs. 5 and G the wheel 2 has the buckets 29 so arranged that there is a passage-way from one side of the wheel to the other. The steam-inlet is through the nozzle 25. The steam passing across the wheel is deflected by the vanes or buckets 29 into the exhaust chamber 26, formed'in the casing 24, and from this passes to the nozzle 27, which again delivers it to the buckets, through which it passes to the exhaust-chamber 2S, and so on.

As shown in the drawings, each of the sue cessive nozzles, from inlet to final exhaust, has its cross-sectional area greater than that of the preceding nozzle, so as to take care of the expanding volume of steam.

The mode of operation of my invention is clear from the foregoing description. The steam entering through the inlet 10 strikes the engine-wheel and gives an impulse to the same, then, being deflected into the exhaust chamber of the segment through which the nozzle passes, is led onward through the succeeding nozzle of the next segment, so as to again strike the projections on the Wheel, and so on until the final exhaust-passage in the last segment is reached. In this way the velocity of the steam is imparted to the rotating wheel and its stored-up energy is utilized to the highest extent, the expansive power of the steam being utilized.

The principal advantage of my invention 0 verother forms of impact-engines arises from the fact that the expansive power of the steam is utilized to the full effect, as well as its initial pressure, my invention sustaining the same relation to the ordinary impact-engine as does the triple or quadruple expansion reciprocating engine to the ordinary single-cylinder engine.

It is evident, of course, that various changes could be made in the details of construction illustrated in the drawings without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. Other forms of nozzles and connecting passage-ways might be employed. The varying cross-sections of successive nozzles might .be differently arranged for different rates of expansion and initial pressures of steam, and it should be understood that the drawings are not made upon exact theoretical measurements. The manner of building up the casing of the engine might be different from that shown in the drawings and the number of nozzles be greater or less than that shown. The form of the projections or buckets upon the moving or driven member of the engine might be different from those shown in the drawings.

Having therefore described my invention, I clain 1. In a rotary impact-engine adapted to be propelled by fluids under pressure, the combination of a rotary driven member provided with suitable buckets on its circumference, a surrounding casing containing a series of exhaust-chambers, a series of nozzles passing one through each exhaust-chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of fluid upon the buckets of the driven member, passage-ways through which the stream of fluid discharged from any one nozzle may, after deflection by the buckets which it strikes, pass into the corresponding exhaust-chamber, a connection from each exhaust-chamber except the last, to the next nozzle, and a discharge-opening through the engine-casing connected to said last exhaust-chamber.

2. I11 a rotary impact-engine adapted to be propelled by fluids under pressure, the combination of a rotary driven member provided with suitable buckets on its circumference, a surrounding casing containing a series of exhaust-chambers, a seriesof nozzles passing one through each exhaust-chamber and adapted to deliver a stream of fluid upon the buckets of the driven member, passage-ways through which the stream of fluid discharged from any one nozzle may, after deflection by the buckets which it strikes, pass into the corresponding exhaust-chamber, a connection from each exhaust-chamber except the last, to the next nozzle, and a discharge-opening through the engine-casing connected to said last exhaustchamber, the area of cross-section of each of said nozzles exceeding that of its predecessor.

A rotary impact-engine comprising the following parts in combination: a wheel provided with buckets on its circumference, a surrounding circular casing composed of segments each of which segments except the first and last is shaped to form a chamber, an outlet therefrom at one end, a slot in the inner side corresponding in width to the buckets on the wheel, and a nozzle passing through the other end of the segment and through said slot, the discharge end of said nozzle being of less width than said slot.

Signed at Barrie this 253d day of May, 1902.

SAMUEL LOUNT.

Witnesses:

FRED MARR, GEo. XV. LoUn'r.

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