US1137590A - Reentrant turbine. - Google Patents

Description

R. N. EHRHART. RE'E'MTRAM" nmsma.

APPULATION FILED AUG.22. 19i0. 5963 Patfilltfifi Apr. 27, 1915.

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THE NORRIS PETERS 60.. FHOTQ-LITHQ. WASHINGTON. Dv C R. N. EHRHART. RE E NTRANT TURBiNE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.22, 19H).

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THE NORRIS PETERS C0. PHOIO-LITHQ. WASHINGTON. D. c

TINTTED STATEE PATENT OFFTTCQE.

RAYMOND N. EHRI-IART, OF EDGEWOOD PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE COLONIAL TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE, OF'PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

It-EENTRANT TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented; Apr. 27, 1915.

Application filed August 22, 1910. Serial No. 578,315.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, RAYMOND N. EHRI-IART, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Edgewood Park, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention in Rentrant Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to turbines and particularly to rentrant turbines; that is, to turbines in which the motive fluid is redelivered to the blades or buckets after having been discharged from them.

An object of this invention is to produce a rentrant turbine, which is more eflicient than turbines of that type now known to me.

A further object is to produce a reentrant turbine capable of employing a working section comprising two or more rows of moving blades.

A further object is to produce a reentrant turbine, in which the motive fluid is delivered and re-delivered on the same side of a row of turbine blades or buckets.

These and other objects I attain in a turbine embodying the features herein described, and illustrated in the drawings accompanying this application and forming a part thereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a distorted transverse section, the section through the blades and working passages being taken on the line 11 of Fig. 2, and illustrates a turbine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a developed section along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and illustrates the arrangement of the turbine blades and vanes, the delivery and re-delivery nozzles and directing passages.

The turbine illustrated consists of a stationary easing 3, which incloses a rotor element or wheel 41 mounted on a shaft 5, which extends, through suitable packing glands located in the ends of the turbine casing. Two annular rows of impulse blades 6 are mounted on the periphery of the wheel 4 in any suitable manner. A row of stationary blades or directing vanes 7 is located between the two rows of blades 6 and is mounted on a base piece 8, which is secured, in any suitable manner, as for example, by means of screws to the stationary casing 4. Motive fluid is delivered to the first row of blades 6 by means of a delivery passage or an expansion nozzle 9, which if desired may partially expand the motive fluid, and which communicates with a fluid admission port 10 formed in the turbine casing 3. The port 10 may communicate through suitable piping (not shown) with any suitable source of fluid supply. The blades 6, vanes 7 and the nozzle 9 form in effect a Curtiss turbine section. The first row of blades 6 is adapted to abstract a portion of the velocity energy of the fluid delivered by the nozzle 9 and to discharge the fluid into the row of stationary blades or vanes 7 which re-direct the fluid and to deliver it to the second row of blades 6, where the remainder of the available velocity energy is abstracted.

One of the novel features of my invention is the arrangement of directing passages 11 and 12, which are formed in the turbine casing and are adapted to receive motive fluid discharged from the second row of blades 6, and to convey it around the two rows of blades 6 and to re-deliver it to the first row of blades. The motive fluid delivered by the nozzle 9 and discharged from the second row of blades 6 is received by the passage 11 and is again delivered to the first row of blades 6 by re-delivery passage or an expansion nozzle 13. The nozzle 13 communicates with the delivery end of the passage 11 and is adapted to partially expand the m0- tive fluid traversing it. The motive fluid delivered by the nozzle 13 passes through the blades 6 and vanes 7, where the available velocity energy is abstracted, and is delivered to the directing passage 12. The directing passage 12 is shown communicating with two re-delivery passages or expansion nozzles 14, each of which is adapted to expand the motive fluid from the pressure in the passage 12 to exhaust pressure and to deliver it a third time to the working blades. When the motive fluid is finally discharged by the second row of blades 6, all of its available energy has been abstracted and it is discharged through an exhaust port 15, provided in the turbine casing and which communicates with a condenser or with the atmosphere, as desired. The passages 11 and 12 are so arranged that the motive fluid traversing them travels in a substantially spiral course so that its direction is not abruptly reversed.

r and 12. The block 18 may be secured to thecasing by meansof bolts 21. Packing strips 22 are mounted. on the blocks 16 and 18 and are yieldingly held'against the rim of the Wheel t'for the purpose of forming a packing and preventing leakage between thewheel and the nozzle blocks. The row of blades or vanes 7 need not extend entirely around the wheel 4. The purpose of these blades, as has been described, is to redirect the fluid delivered from the first row of blades 6 and to deliver it to the second row of blades 6,- and for thisreason they need only be'located opposite to the delivery and re-delivery nozzles. The motive, fluid may be expanded from admission to exhaust pressure in any number of steps, and consequently the fluid may be re-delivered to the working section any desired number of times. It will also be apparent that two or more admission ports 10 may be provided in the casing 3 and that a corresponding number'of series of directing passages and re-deliverynozzles may be employed around the wheel. I

Having thus described my invention,what I claim is: a 1. Ina turbine, a rotor element provided 7 with a plurality'of rows of blades extending radially thereof, a casing, a series of divergent fluid expanding nozzles for successively delivering motive fluid in one direction to said blades, and a series of passages formed toreceive the fluid leaving said blades and to redirect and deliver it to the successive nozzles of the series.

a 2. In a turbine, a rotor element provided with two rows of impulse blades extending radially thereof, a casing, a series of divergent fluid delivery nozzles located on one side of said rotor element for discharging motive fluid to said blades, and a series of fluid passages subtending said blades and formed to receive the motive fluid leaving said blades and to convey it in a substantially spiral course around said rotor element to redirect and deliver it to the successive nozzles of the series.

3. In a turbine, a rotor element prov1ded with a aw of ainl sanding blades, a

one end of one of the curved passages and is adapted to deliver motivefluid from its communicating passage to the rotor blades. 4. In a turbine, a rotor element provided with a row of radially extending blades,f a

subtending said row of blades and communr eating at each end withthe blades so as to casing having a plurality of curved passages form a substantially spiral passage for the motive fluid, a nozzle block secured to an inner face of the casing and having nozzles formed therein communicating with said passage, and a block secured to an opposite face of the casing and having directing passages formed therein communicating with said curved passages.

5. In a turbine, a rotor element provided with a row of radially extending blades, a

casing having a curved fluid delivery passage subtending the row of blades, for receiving fluid discharged from the blades and for redirecting and delivering it to the.

blades, and a nozzle block secured to an inner face of the casing and having a divergent nozzle formed therein which communicates with one end of said passage and is adapted to expand fluid issuing'from the passage and deliver it to said row of blades.

7 6. In a turbine, a rotor element provided with radially extended blades, a casing having a curved fluid delivery passage subtending the blades and communicating at. each end with the blades so as to receive fluid therefrom,to redirect and redeliver itto the blades, a nozzle blocksecured to the inner face of the casing on one side of the blades and having a nozzle formed therein communicating with one end of the passage, and

a nozzle block secured to the opposite inner 7 face of the casingv on the other side of the blades and having a directing passage formed therein communicating with the other end of the passage. p

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 18th day of August, 1910.

RAYMOND 'N'. EHRHART.

Witnesses i o. w. Mafia, E. N. MoCALLIsTnR.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Goininissioner of Patentl.

7 Washington, D. 0..

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