US732344A - Steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

, PATENTEDl JUNESO, 1903. E. M. FABER. STEAM GENERATOR. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28, 1902.

No 'MODEL 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W/TNESSES' 1 I Ao Neyw' un. nu e,

PATBNTED JUNE 30, 1903.

P. M. FABER, STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 28, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- N0 MODEL.

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No. 732,344. EATENTED JUNE 3o, 1903.

, E. M. FABER.

STEAM GENERATOR. APPLIOATIQN FILED JAN. ze. v1302. A No MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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ivo. 732,344.

. UNITED Y STATES Patented .Tune 3o, 1903.

'PATENT OEEICE.

FRANK M. FABER, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPECT marron forming part of Letters Patent No. 732,344, dated June 3o, 1903. `Application filed January 28,1902. Serial No. 91,558. (No modelf T0 @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK M. FABER, a citi- Zen of the United States,'and a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certainr new and useful Improvements in Steam Boilers and Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

ers and heaters generally, has reference more particularly to that form of such devices which embodiesin its construction a number of heat-Y ing-tubes and headers for contain-ing the water or steam, or both, and is-known to the art asof the water-tube variety.

water and steam is, as is well known, mainly due to the differences in specific gravity of the contents of the headers or other passageways that conduct them upward tothe steamreceiving drum and the contents of the headers or other passage-ways that conduct the Water downward therefrom to the heatingtubes. Thecontents of' the former being a mixture of steam and water is lighter than the contents of the latter, which is water unmiXed with steam. The greater the proportion, by volumeof steaminthe headers or other passage-Ways leading upward bto the steam-receiving drum the greater will be the velocity of the circulation. If it be supposed,

for example, that the boilercontains but one steam-generating tube, which delivers into a header leading upward to the steam-receiving drum the mixture of water and steam Ain a certain proportion by Volume, it is evident that a certain velocity of circulation fwill result. If, however, the proportions of the mixture in this header or passage-way be altered by the admission of water from another source than the tube in question, the Velocity of circulation in both the header or passage-way and the tube will be retarded. In order then to maintain conditions conducive to the most tube/should be supplied with only sufficient water to result in its delivering to the header or other passage-way leading upward to the Y In boilers' and heaters of this class the circulation of steam-receiving Vdrum a mixture containing the same proportions of water and steam as does each of its neighbors. It is evident, however, that the nearer the steam-generating-tubes are to the fire the greater will be ythe volume of steam generated therein. They -should therefore be supplied with more water I y lin proportion to their heating-surface than This invention, While relating to steam boil-` the tubes more distant therefrom. These conditions obviously can be brought about lby diminishing the amount of Water entering ,each particular tube in proportion to its distance from the furnace.

The objects of my invention, therefore, are to provide means whereby the proper amount of water may be admitted to the different ltubes and to vproduce a boiler which, While simple in construction and highly efficient in operation, shall at the saine time allow of the easy and ready assembling of its parts and of Vmaking repairs.

To these ends the invention consists in various features of construction and arrangements of parts, all as will hereinafter more fully appear.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure l is a diagrammatic View, in longitudinal vertical section, of a boiler or heater constructed in accordance with one form of my invention and showing in connection with it the fire-box, the ash-pit, the doors for the lash-pit and fire-box, respectively, portions ofv the casing or setting, and the smoke-flue or uptake', Fig. 2, a View of the headers and steam and water drum detached, with the lower portion of the headers shown in front elevation and the upper portion of the headers and the drum taken in section on the line .A A of Fig. l, the parts at the right and left of the vertical broken line illustrating the boiler equipped with the sectional and the continuous types of headers, respectively; Fig. 3, a transverse vertical section of a header, taken on the line B B of Fig. 4; Fig.

4, a longitudinal vertical section of a header and the front ends of its cooperating generator and circulator-tubes, taken in the plane C O of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a transverse horizontal section of one of the headers and its coperating generator-tubes, takenin. the plane D D of Fig. 3; Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, top, side, bot- ICO tom, and end views, respectively, of the device by means of which the circulator-tubes are connected with the generator-tubes; Fig. 10, a longitudinal vertical section of the upper portion of one of the headers with portions of the upper circulator and generator tubes cooperating therewith and a steam and water drum or receptacle of a slightly-modified construction; and Fig. 11, a similar longitudinal vertical section of the same parts, but with a steam and water drum or receptacle of a further modified form.

In all the figures like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts.

1 indicates the fire-box, 2 the ash-pit, 3 the grate, 4 the lire-box door, 5 the ash-pit door, 6 the inclosing wall, 7 the smoke-flue, and 8 a door leading through the casing to the front of the header, all of which with their relative arrangement are or may be similar to those heretofore employed and require no further description herein.

9 indicates the water-heating tubes, which for convenience of description Ishall call the generator-tubes. These tubes, which are closed and sealed at their rear ends by welding or otherwise, are preferably arranged in parallelly-disposed vertical rows above the fire-box 4, with the individual tubes of one row opposite the spaces between the tubes of the adjoining rows in quincunx order, and are secured at their front ends in aheader or headers 10, which in turn is or are secured at its or their upper end or ends to the under portion of the steam and water drum 1l through the intervention of an appropriate ange or flanges 12, screws 13, and rivets 14. In some instances but a single header will be employed, as shown at the left in Fig. 2, in which cases it will be constructed of a width to extend across the front ends of the entire series of rows of generator-tubes 9, whereby to allow of the securement of all of' those ends therein, and may be stayed and strengthened by bolts 15, as is usual with boilers as ordinarily constructed. In other instances a numberof separate and independent headers will be made use of, as shown at the right in Fig. 2, and when this arrangement is adopted the individual headers will be constructed of the proper width to receive the front ends of' only two or more of the vertical rows of generator-tubes and preferably of a zigzag form in the direction of their lengths, whereby to bring the rows of tubes supported by them in closer relationship to the rows of tubes supported by the adjoining headers. As thus constructed in either of these forms the interior cavity of the header is provided with a diaphragm IG, which, cast or otherwise secured therein, extends downward through the same from its top to its bottom and divides the cavity into a front passage-way 17 and a rear passage-way 18, while formed through the rear wall of the header and through such diaphragm in axial coincidence are respective tube-receiving holes 19 and 20, inwhich arereceived and secured the front ends of the generator-tubes 9. For securing the ends of the generator-tubes in these holes various means may be employed. I prefer, however, to secure them therein by lightly expanding them in the holes 20 in the diaphragm and more rmly expanding them inthe holes 19 of the rear walls of the header, as by this cantaliver construction greater resisting power against shock and vibration is imparted at the joints where the tubes enter the headers. To permit of this expanding operation being performed,I provide the front walls of the header with openings 21, which are preferably located in axial coincidence with the tubes and may be closed when required by any appropriate means-as, for instance, by caps 22, that are held in place through the intervention of bridges 23 and bolts and nuts 24. As thus arranged when the water in the generator-tubes 9 is heated it will, with the steam therein, flow outwardly along the tubes and pass into the front passage-way 17, which for convenience of description I shall call the uptake,and thence upward to the steam and water drum 11, where it will be discharged through the overturned tubey 25, with which each of the nptakes is provided. To replace the water thus discharged from the generator-tubes 9, and thereby complete the circulation of the water in the boiler, I make use of the smaller tubes 2G, which for convenience of description I call the circulator-tubes and which are arranged within the generator-tubes and, extending throughout the greater portion of the length of the latter, communicate with the drum 11 th rough the intermediary ofthe rear passage-way 18 of the header, which for couvenience of description I call the downtake. Vith the circulator-tubes thus communicating with the steam and water drum 1l the water contained in the latter will as the water and steam pass outward along the gen erator-tubes and upward along the uptake 17 flow downward into and along such circulator-tubes and be discharged in the rear end of the generator-tubes, and in order to permit of the water entering these circulatortubes as it flows downward in the downtake I provide the portion of each of the generator-tubes that rests within the downtake with openings 27, which may be located opposite each other or otherwise and be constructed of a size to permit of the passage ot' suitable tools through them for cleaning the interior surfaces of the downtake and the portions of the tubes inclosed within such passage-way.

The several parts being connected and arranged as above explained, the generatortubes 9 extend across over the fire-box 1 with a slight upward inclination from their rear ends to their front, whereby to aid in the circulation of the steam and water through them. As thus disposed when the boiler is in operation the heated products of combustion in traveling upward from the grate 3 to ICO IlO

the smoke-Iiue7 will pass over and around the generatortubes, with the consequent effect of forming steam in them and causing acirculation through the boiler, in which operation the Water will descend from the steam and water drum 11 through the downtake 18` into and iiow inward through the circulatortubes 26, thence pass with the steam outward along the generator-tubes 9 into the uptake 17, and thence upward therein tothe drum l1, completing the cycle, all as shown by the arrows in Figs. l, 3, and 4 of the drawings. With the generator-tubes thus disposed over the fire-box it is obvious that those tubes which are the nearest to the fire will receive the greatest amount of heat and as a consequence will generate the greatest volume of steam, while those that are more remote therefrom will receive a less amount of heat, and consequently will generate a less volume thereof. To equalize, therefore, the relative proportion of steam and water discharged by the diiferentgenerator-tubes, whether located near to or farther from the tire-box, the generator-tubes that are nearest the lire-box and generate the greatest volu me of steam should receive more water than the generator-tubesl that are higher up and farther therefrom; but if the water in descending the downtake could enter all of the generator-tubes with equal facility this result would not be accomplished, and the retarding of the circulation in the boiler by the presence of too great a proportion of water in the mixture of steam and Water in the uptake would be a consequence. For graduating the amount of water thus su pplied to the different generator-tubes as their respective requirements may demand various means may be employed. I prefer, however, to accomplish that result by deiiectors of substantially the form of those shown in Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 of the drawings. These detlectors are severally constructed with segmental cylindrical body portions 28, which are adapted to enter and closely tit the interior of the front end portions of their respective generatortubes and have formed upon their inner or concave faces tubular bosses 29, the passageways through which extend at one of their ends through the body portions 28 in the form of slots 30 to form mouths or inlets for the water, and at their other ends they receive the front ends of their respective circulator-tubes 26, that are or may be riveted or otherwise secured in or to them. As thus constructed each of the deflectors, with its attached circulator-tube, is arranged within its appropriate generator-tube, with its slot or mouth 30 registering with one or the other of the openings 27 in its cooperating generator-tube, in which positionsit may be firmly secured and its attached circulator tubes held in concentricity to that tube through the medium of a lug 3l, preferably provided with an incline surface, and a hook-bolt 32, of which the fcrmeris formed upon the body portion 28 of the deiiector and engages with one end of one of the openings 27 in the generator-tube, While the latter extends through a tubular lug 33 on such deliector and engaging with its hook-end portion with the other end of such opening receives on its other end a suitable nut 34. With the deiectors constructed and arranged as thus explained the amounts of water admitted to their respective coperating generator-tubes may be so graduated as to insure of each'discharging a mixture of steam and water having the same proportions into the uptake by varying the sizes of the slots or mouths 30 of the respective deflectors, as shown in Fig. 4. I prefer, however, to construct the slots or mouths of all the deflectors of the same size and to effect this graduation by disposing these slots or mouths in different angular relationships with respect to the path of the water in traveling downward in the downtake 18. To this end the deiiectors for the lowest generator-tubes, which are nearest the tire, will be so arranged as to bring their slots or mouths uppermost, whereby to permit of the most easy and direct entrance of the water into and through them to their cooperating circulator and generator tubes in descending through the downtake, as shown by the arrows in the lower portion of Fig. 4. By this arrangement, as will be seen, the greatest amount of water is supplied to the generator-tubes where the greatest heat is applied. The deflectors for the highest generator-tubes, on the other hand, or those which are the most remote from the lire and require the least water, instead of being so disposed as to bring their slots or mouths uppermost are arranged with their slots or mouths downward, whereby a more indirect entrance of the water into them and through them to their respective generator-tubes is accomplished, since the water to enter these slots or mouths in its downward iiow has to return upon itself, as shown by the arrows at the upper portion of Fig. 4, and hence has a less tendency of entering them.

Between the lowest and highest generatortubes there will in practice be a number of other generator tubes in vertical arrangement, and the deiiectors for these will be so disposed as to bring their slots or mouths 30 at different angles with reference to theirupright and completely-inverted positions, as the requirements of a greater or lesser inflow of water to their respective generator-tubesy may demand. Thus by disposing the inletmouths 30 of the deiiectors in different angular relationships with respect to the direction of flow of the water downward in the downtake the graduation of the supply of water to the different generator-tubes may be accomplished and the proportion of water to steam discharged by all of them rendered uniform.

With a detlector employed in connection with one of the openings 27 in each of the generator-tubes the other opening therein'is lOO IIO

closed when the boiler or heater is in operation by a suitable flanged plate 35, which is fitted and may be held in place by any appropriate means-as, for instance, by a spring 3G, which is or may be secured toit.

As steam is formed at any given point at the bottom surfaces of the generator-tubes the bubbles rise and tend to pass to one or the other side of the circulator-tubes. In doing this it frequently occurs, however, that these tendencies balance each other, and a clot or mass of steam is formed in the annular space between the generator and circulator tubes along a considerable portion of their lengths, which will thus become uncovered by Water while exposed to the heat. This condition may last for a few seconds or for but a fraction of a second; but the resulting momentary overheating of the tube repeated a number of times greatly shortens the life ofthe same. To remedy this deflect, I sometimes find it convenient to arrange between each of the circulator-tubes and its coperating generatortube either a spiral 37 of thin metal or a series of wings 38, which give to the water of circulation a spiral movement, with the consequent eect of sweeping the bubbles formed in the generator-tube always to the same side of the circulator-tube, whence they are carried forward with the water along the generator-tube and their accumulation at any one point therein obviated. In like manner to obviate the retarding effect on the circulation of the steam and water which occurs when the currents in the tubes and uptake meet at a wide angle I make use of a deflector 39, which may be formed either upon the body 2S or upon the flange-plate 35 and is preferably curved upwardly from its inner to its outer` end, whereby to impart a gradual upward direction to the mixture of water and steam passing over it from the generator'- tubes to the uptake, as shown by the arrows in Fig. l. Vith the mixture of steam and water thus delivered to the uptake it passes upwardly through the same and through the overturned tube 25 to the steam and water drum l1, where it impinges violently against the front wall thereof and is not only broken up therebyinto a more or less fine spray, but deiected backward across the drum toward the rear wall of the same. In being thus broken up and carried backward across the drum the steam separates out from the mixture and passes to its delivery-pipe 40, while the moisture contained in the mixture is returned to the mass of water below, and in order to prevent the moisture driven backward across the drum, from entering this deliverypipe without retarding the flow of the steam to it I make use of a deflector 4l, which is secured to the interior of the drum in front of the pipe by rivets or otherwise and extending backward and downward across the lower end of the latter permits of the steam passing around its lower edge while deflecting the moisture downward away from the pipe.

In water-tube boilers las ordinarily constructed the level of the water is subject to sudden and wide fluctuation, due in most instances to the varying volu me of steam in the tubes and headers,l a sudden evolution of steam causing a rise in the level of the water in the drum, and vice versa. In many cases this fluctuation is so great that in suddenly shutting the throttle or opening the lire-doors, either of which will greatly reduce the evolution of steam, the water will drop below the upper row of tubes, which become more or less injured and even destroyed by the consequentoverheatin'. Ontheotherl1and,asud den demand for steam frequently causes the water to rise so high in the steam and water drum that a large amount is forced through the outlet with the steam and these fluctuations are more particularly noticeable in boilers which are provided with but a single steam and water drum. To obviate these de fects, it is not practicable to make the steam and water drums of suicientlylarge diameter to reduce this variation in the water-level materially. I propose, however, to afford a remedy for these defects by employing in connection with the drum means in which the storage of the water as it thus rises therein may be effected and from which it may be supplied when it descends therefrom Without materially changing the water-level. For this purpose I sometimes make use of one or more auxiliary drums 42, which is or are preferably disposed with its or their axis or axes in a horizontal plane passing through the axis of the steam and water drum ll and is or are connected with that drum through the medium of suitable pipes 43 and 44, of which the former connect the drums some distance above the water-level and the latter some distance below the same, as shown in Fig. 10. When but a single auxiliary drum 42 is employed, it may be arranged in front of the steam and water drum ll or in rear of the same, as may be preferred. On the other hand, when a plurality of these drums are availed of one will preferably be arranged in front and the other in rear thereof. At other times I employ for this purpose two water legs 45, which are secured to the steam and wat-er drum 11 by appropriate rivets 46 or otherwise and communicate with the interior of that drum through openings 47, which are or may be of the same sizes as the interior of the water-legs, as shown in Fig. 1l and at the left in Fig. 2, or through a series of smaller holes 48, as illustrated at the right in the ligure last mentioned. When this form of construction is employed, one of the legs will preferably project horizontally from the front of the steam and water drum 11 and the other horizontally from the rear thereof, with their median lines disposed in a horizontal plane passing through its center, and one or both may be stayed and strengthened by suitable bolts 49, if desired or necessary. I prefer, however, to make use IIO of but a single water-leg and to employ in connection with ita water-heater, as shown in Fig. l. When this form of construction is adopted, the water-leg will preferably be disposed in rear of the steam and water drum in horizontal relationship with respect thereto, and the feed-pipe 59, by means of which the water is fed to the boiler, will be located near the rear thereof. The heater by which the heating of the water admitted to the boiler is effected may be of various forms.

- I prefer, however, to construct it in the form of a number of closed bottom tubes 50, which depend from the under side of the water-leg 45, intermediate the water-inlet pipe 59 and the steam and water drum 1l, and are expanded or otherwise secured in suitable orifices formed therein. As thus disposed the tubes extend downwardly into the boiler or heater-furnace, whereby to be heated by the products of combustion in passing from the fire-box 1 to the smoke-Hue 7, and in order to provide for the greatest amount of heat being imparted to them from that source a baffle-plate 51 may be employed whereby to insure of those products passing between them from the front to the rear of the series in their upward travel. For conducting the water-from the inlet-pipe 59 to the first of these closed bottom tubes 50 and from one of these tubes to the other I make use of the smaller tubes 53, whichare preferably suspended within the former by a spider 52 or otherwise and are not only provided with open lower ends or with orifices 54, formed through their Walls near those ends to permit of the water passing downwardly through them being discharged within the lower ends of their respective cooperating larger tubes 50, but also with overturned upper ends which extend over the upper ends of the walls of these last-mentioned tubes, whereby to carry the entrances to the upper ends of these smaller tubes so far to one side as to allow of the cooler water entering them without interference from the warmer currents rising from their respective cooperating larger tubes. As thus suspended within the larger tubes the overturned upper ends of the smaller tubes will be directed toward the rear of the water-leg, and in that position the water in being supplied to the boiler through the inlet-pipe 59 will enter the overturned end of the smaller tube 53 next adjacent that pipe and descending therein will be discharged in the lower end of its cooperating larger tube 50, where it will be heated. From the lower end of this tube the water thus heated will rise, because ofits lighter specific gravity, and enter the overturned end of the next smaller tube 53, and in like manner descending through that tube will be discharged in the lower end of its cooperating larger tube 50, where it will be again heated, following which it will rise and enter the overturned upper end of the next smaller tube, and, descending therein, the same operations will be repeated, and so on throughout t-he series,

the water alternately descending the smaller tubes and ascending in the larger tubes and being thereby carried forward and progressively heated from its inlet-pipe to the steam and water drum. The tubes 50 and 53 being thus disposed and operating, entrance to them may be effected through the openings 55, which are formed through the upper side of the water-leg and which may be conveniently closed by suitable caps 56, that are held in place by any appropriate means-as, for instance, by bridges 57 and bolts 58.

From the foregoing, therefore, it will be seen that I produce a boiler which while simple in construction and permitting of the rear c. .c

and efficient circulation of the water and steam therein provides means whereby not only may the graduation of the Water admit--v ted to the various tubes from top to bottom of the series be effected and the rise and fall of the water in the steam and water drum beyond restricted limits prevented, but great facility is afforded in assembling the parts thereof and in making repairs when required.

While in what precedes I have described the best means contemplated by me for carrying my invention into practice, I wish it distinctly understood that I do not limit myself strictly thereto, as it is obvious that I may modify the same in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention. So, too, with various of the constituent parts of the boiler it is likewise obvious that these may be employed in connection.`

the flow of Water from such header to the different gen erator-tubes maybe graduated and controlled as their respective requirements may demand, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a series of gencrater-tubes, a series'of circulator-tubes communie-ating with the generator-tubes, and a header or headers with which the generator and circulator tubes are connected, of a steam and water drum with which one end of the header or headers is or are connected, and

means located Within such header or headers by which the flow of the water from the header or headers to the different circulator-tubes and through-them to their cooperating generator-tubes is graduated and controlled as the requirements of these latter tubes may respectively demand, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with a row of generator-tubes closed at one of their ends, a row of IOO IIO

circulator-tubes arranged within the generator-tubes, and a header provided with an uptake and a downtake, with which the open ends of the generator-tubes and the adjacent ends of the circulator-tnbes are respectively connected, of a steam and water drum with which the uptake and downtake are connected at their upper ends, and means located within the downtake for graduating the amount of water admitted to the circulatortubes from such downtake, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a row of generator-tubes closed at their rear ends, a row of circulator-tubes arranged within the generator-tubes, anda header provided with an uptake and a downtake, with which the front ends of the generatorand the circulator tubes are respectively connected, of a steam and Water drum with which the upperends of the uptake and downtake are connected, and a deector arranged in the downtake opposite the front end of each of the circulator-tubes and connected therewith, whereby to graduate the amount ot water admitted to such tubes from the downtake, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a row of generator-tubes closed at their rear ends and provided With openings formed transversely through their walls near their front ends, a circulator-tube arranged in each of such generator-tubes, and a header provided with an uptake and a downtake with which the front ends of the generator and the circulator tubes are respectively connected, of a steam and water drum with .which such uptake and downtake are connected, and a detlector arranged opposite each of the circulator-tubes in the front end portion of its respective generator-tube within the downtake and coperating with one of the transverse openings in such generator-tube, to graduate and control the amount of water admitted to the dierent circulator-tubes and through them to the generator-tubes, substantially as described.

6. Adeflector for graduating the flow of Water to a circulator-tube of a boiler or heater, comprising a suitable base adapted to be secured to a generator-tube and provided with a tubular boss, the passage-way through which extends at one end through the base and formsa mouth for the entrance of Water, and at its other end it is adapted to receive and support the end of a circulator-tube, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the front end portion of a generator-tube provided with openings through the same, and the front end of a circulator-tube, of adeflectorprovided with a segmental cylindrical base for securement to theinterior of the generator-tube over one of the openings therein, and also With a tubular boss, the passage-Way through which extends through the base as a mouth for the entrance of Water, and at its other end it is adapted to entcror receive the end of the circulator-tube which is secured thereto, whereby not only is the circulator-tube supported within the generator-tube, but the admission of water to its interior from the eXterior'ot` the generator-tube permitted, substantially as described.

S. The combination, with a steam-generating tube of a boiler or heater, and the header with which it coperates, of a defiector arranged in relation .to the end of such tube, whereby to impart to the steam or water discharged by that tube a gradual upward movement in the direction of the length ot' the header, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the steam-generator tubes of a boiler or heater, and a steam and water drum having a discharge-opening in its top, a header with which the generating-tubes are connected, and means for supplying Water to such tubes, of apipe for connecting the header to the drum extended upward in the latter and provided with an overturned upper end, and a deflector secured to the interior of the drum and extended backward across the same between the overturned end of such pipe and the discharge-opening of the drum, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with the steam and water drum, and the tubes and header or headers of a boiler or heater, of auxiliary storing means connected with such drum and located in horizontal relationship thereto, whereby, in addition to said drum, tubes, and header or headers and their connecting devices, a further storage-reservoir for the contents of the boiler or heater is provided, and any material rise or fall of the water in the aforementioned drum, due to any sudden increase or decrease in the evolution of steam in the tubes, thereby prevented, by receiving or discharging it as such water rises or falls in said drum, subtantially as described.

11. The combination, with the steam and water drum, and the tubes and header or headers of a boiler or heater, of/a Water leg or reservoir secured to such drum in horizontal relationship and communicating with it,

whereby, in addition to said drum, tubes, header or headers, and their connecting devices, a further storage-reservoir is provided for the contents of the boiler or heater and any material rise or fall of the water in such drum, due to any sudden increase or decrease in the evolution of steam in the tubes, thereby prevented by receiving and discharging it as such Water rises or falls in said drum, substantially as described.

l2. The combination, with the steam and water drum, and the tubes and headers of a boiler or heater, of a water leg or reservoir arranged in horizontal relationship-to such drum and communicating directly With its interior, and a heater for heating the Water admitted to the boiler applied in connection with such Water-leg, substantially as described.

13. The combination, with the steam and water drum of a boiler or heater, a water leg IIO or reservoir secured thereto in horizontal relationship and communicating with its interior, and a boiler or heater furnace, of a series of water-tubes depending from the under side of such leg or reservoir within the furnace and closed at their lower ends, a smaller tube arranged Within each of the Water-tubes, and means whereby they are suspended therein, substantially as described.

14. The combination, with the steam and water drum of a boiler or heater, a water leg or reservoir secured thereto in horizontal relationship, and a boiler or heater furnace, of a series of water-tubes depending from the under side of the leg or reservoir within the furnace and closed at their lower ends, a smaller tube arranged within each of the water-tubes and provided With an overturned upper end, and a spider for suspending these smaller tubes within the water-tubes, substantially as described.

15. The combination, with the steam and water drum of a boiler or heater, a water leg or reservoir secured thereto in horizontal relationship, a boiler or heater furnace, and an inlet for water, of a series of water-tubes depending from the under side of the leg or reservoir within the furnace intermediate theA steam-drum and water-inlet and closed at their lower ends, a smaller tube suspended within each of the water-tubes and provided with an overturned upper end. that is arranged toward such Water-inlet, and a spider by which this smaller tube is suspended within the water-tube, substantially as described.

16. The combination, with a header provided with an uptake, a downtake, and a diaphragm extending between them, and a steam and water drum with which such uptake and downtake are connected, of a row of generator-tubes extended across the downtake and supported in both the rear walls of the header and in tbe diaphragm, and means for supplying Water to suchA generator-tubes, whereby these tubes communicate the uptake and a free and uninterrupted passageway is left in such uptake for the upward ow of the steam and water therein, substantially as described.

17. The combination, with a header provided with an uptake, a downtake, and a diaphragm extending downwardly between them, Vand a steam and water drum with which such uptake and downtake are conne'cted, of a row of generator-tubes extended at their forward ends across the downtake, and supported in both the rear walls of the header andin the diaphragm, circulator-tubes arranged within the generator-tubes, and devices for supporting them therein and for forming a passage-Way between the interiors of such circulator-tubes and the downtake through the walls of the generator tubes, whereby a firm support is afforded for the generator-tubes and a free and uninterrupted passage-way is allowed within the uptake for the upward ow of steam` and water discharged into it by such generator-tubes, sub.- stantially as described.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 24th day of January, A. D. 1902.

FRANK M. FABER. Witnesses:

Trios. J. MCTIGHE,

J. M. ROSEBERRY LONG.

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