US424528A

US424528A - Steam-boiler

Info

Publication number: US424528A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1890-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 1907-04-01

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

N .0 T G N Ti H m D 0 W Am m m STEAM BOILER No. 424,528. Patented Apr. 1, 1890.

" INVENTOR ATTORNEY WITNESSESZ I /7 N. PETERS Pholoiilhognphnr. wnzhln mu. DV 0 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. WORTHINGTON.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 424,628. Patented Apr. 1, 18.90.

WlTNES ES: lNVEN OH ATTOR N EY 3 SheetS-Sheet a.

(N0 Model.)

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S S. mmm v mmww IIIII-EEE :5 QQQQQ Q! o Patented Apr. 1,1890;

-A. WORTHINGTON.

STEAM BOILER INVENTOR WITNESSES: fl FPM.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

AMASA lVORTIllNGTON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STEAM'-BO|LER.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 424,528, dated April 1, 1890.

Application filed July 11, 1889. Serial No. 317,225. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, AMASA WoRTHINoToN, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sectional \Va-ter- Tube Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to promote rapid and direct circulation, and thereby equalize the temperature of different parts of the boiler, to avoid conflicting currents in the water-circulation, and to obtain compactness of structure.

My invention consists in a structure composed of oppositely-inclined single vertical series of water-tubes which are interlocked, the lower ends connecting by means of headers with the water-drums and the upper ends connecting by means of separate headers with the steam drum or drums above the tubes.

My invention also consists in certain details of construction applicable to the present structure.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference-letters indicate corresponding parts throughout, Figure 1 is a transverse section on the linece 50, Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a side view of Fig. 1, partly in section on the line y y, Fig. l, and partly viewed exterior to the line 1] y and within the line 3 a. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of "a modification, and Fig. 4 a partial side elevation of Fig. 3; Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, are detail views hereinafter more fully referred to, showing a manner of constructing the headers.

In Figs. 1 and 2, A. is the steam and water drum.

B B are the water-drums, and C C C O the water-legs or downflow-pipesfour in number-connecting the water space of the steam and water drum at either end with the re spective ends of the water'drunis B B. The water-drums also serve as repositories for sediment, and maybe provided with usual suitable blow-off cooks for the removal of such sediment.

D D D D are the WtllGl tllbG headers, into which the ends of the water-tubes (l are expanded. The headers D D at opposite sides of the boiler, pertaining to the one inclination of tubes, lie in common transverse planes, while the headers D D pertaining to the oppositely-inclined tubes, lie in alternate or intervening transverse planes, so that the adjacent abutting ends of the headers break joints, as seen in Fig. 2. The ends D D of the headers D D are connected independently with the steam-drum A at or near the water level by series of connecting-tubes c, while the ends D D of the headers D D have independent communication with the waterdrums B by means of connecting-nipples f.

The headers D D are provided with handholes 72, having cap-nuts, such as more fully shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and these are located opposite each tube'to afford access for cleanin g, while similar hand-holes are provided to the headers D D at less frequent intervals sufficient for the discharge of material cleaned from the tubes cl.

Opposite the entrance of the connectingtubes 6 to the drum A and within the same are provided deflecting shields or partitions i, swinging on hinges at 7;. An opening is left above the shields t sufficient for the issue of steam to the steam-space of the drum, while the inclined and yielding surfaces of the shields which are freely suspended serve to direct the general current downward into the water-space, preventing any water that is entrained with. the steam being thrown upward toward the point of delivery.

The interspaces between the headers which appear in Fig. 2 are filled with suitable firebrick or other refractory filling, such as to form complete walls at the sides of the furnace and draft-passage above.

The fire-grate F and furnace E extend the entire length of the boiler in the presentillustration, the fire-doors G 4r being located at one or both ends.

The construction of the furnace may be modified in various ways, such as may be found expedient in diiferent sizes of the generator or location of the same.

The fire-grate is supported upon a frame ll, bolted to the headers D D by bolts 02., or otherwise suitably secured in the cradle formed by the converging headers.

I is a reflecting or radiating crown pro vided to the furnace to intensify combustion, and also to delay the gases until perfect ignition is effected. The upper portion of the structure is confined by the hood K, forming a draft-passage toward the smokeflue P.

The headers represented in Figs. 1 and 2 are constructed as appears in horizontal crosssection in Fig. 5 or in vertical section in Fig. 6. The cap-nuts n fit upon the beveled seats of the apertures, being screwed to the shank of the yoke 17.

Fig. 7 illustrates a double construction of the header, which is formed by collapsing a single tube into the desired form and uniting the intermediate portion by means of rivets. Fig.8 illustrates asimilar manner of forming any desired number of such headers by the uniting of corrugated sheets of metal M N by means of rivets. The latter construction composes a complete wall,and in this instance the firebrick filling hereinbefore referred to between the headers may be dispensed with.

The essential feature of difference in the carrying out of my invention (illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.) consists in the substitution for the downflow water-legs O O of the upper tubes d d of each series, which tubes d d are connected directly to the lowerportion of the water-space in the steam-drum, and act as downflow-pipes, equivalent in function to the pipes C (J. The downward current is distributed over the lowermost ends ofthe remaining series of tubes cl d within the headers 1) D The drums B Bin this instance, being located in a direct vertical line beneath a downward current in the headers D D, accumulate the sediment which is thrown down or gravitates into them, and may be blown off from time to time, the circulation not, however, passing through the drums B B, as in the first instance described. The drums B B are connected by cross-tubes L, which serve as grate-supporters, and which virtually unite the drums B B into a single watei cliamber. In other respects the form of the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 3 and tcorresponds to that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, it being immaterial whether the headers be inclined or ver tical.

The vertical headers in Figs. 3 and at are of peculiar construction, each consisting of a vertical central tube 0 and a series of oblique pockets 8 s at each. side thereof, being composed of an integral piece. A double series of tubes are thereby expanded into the inclined apertures of the pockets communicating in common with the central tube 7 This .feature of construction of the headers I claim as a part of the subjectmiatter of a separate patent application to be filed.

It is to be remarked that the vertical headers are provided with flanges u, whereby their edges may be united to form a continuous wall, or whereby a suitable firebri ck filling may be sustained between them. Plates 1; are also provided in the construction of Figs. 3 and 4. to close the combustion-space.

In the operation of myinvention the circulation occurs independently through the several sections of the generator. The directions of the cu rrents are opposite in theirindependent courses, therebyequalizing the absorption of calorie, and due to the peculiar arrangement of the tubes I obtain the maximum effect of the furnace before the heat has become reduced by a long passage.

By means of the divergent and convergent shape of the combustion-space represented in Fig.1 I obtain an enlarged combustion-space above the grate inproport-ion to the grate surface and a slow passage of the hot gases among the tubes Where the volume of the chamber is greatest, the draft subsequently having an accelerated eduction as the gases are cooled and the space contracts.

- I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in a sectional steamgenerator, of a steam chamber or chambers, a water chamber or chambers below the level thereof, interlocked series of oppositely-inclined water-tubes, and separate headers connecting the same at their upper and lower ends, respectively, with the said steam and water chambers.

2. The combination, in a sectional steamgenerator, of an upper steam chamber or chambers, lower water-chambers parallel to said upper steam chamber or chambers, an interlocked assemblage of oppositely-inclined single vertical series of water-tubes, headers connecting the upper ends of each member of one or more of such series together and with the said steam chamber or chambers, headers connecting the lower ends of one or more of such series together and with the said lower water chambers, and the downfiow-pipes 0, connecting the said upper steam chamber or chambers with the said lower water-chambers.

3. The combination, in a sectional steamgenerator, of a longitudinal steam and water drum, parallel water-drums below the level of the same, oppositely-inclined single vertical series of water-tubes interlocking in successive vertical planes transverse to the said drums, and headers connecting the upper and lower ends of each such series independently and respectively with the said steam and water drum and the said water-drums.

4. The combination, in a sectional steamgenerator, of a longitudinal steam and water drum above the furnace, parallel water-drums below the sides of the furnace, oppositely-inclined single vertical series of water-tubes i11- terlockin g in successive vertical planes transverse to the said drums, and headers connecting to the upper ends of the tubes extended in said vertical planes to connect with the sides of the steam and water drum, and headers connecting to the loyver ends of the tubes extended in said vertical planes to form the side walls of the furnace and connect with the Water-drums.

5. The combination, with series of Watertubes lyingin vertical planes, of headers composed of vertically-corrugated sheets of metal united between each said vertical planes of IIO the series, in the form substantially as speoithe bottom of the drum and having a steamfiecl, having vertical Water-channels and compassage above the port-i011 which is inclined, 1o

, posing" a continuous Wall. for the purposes set forth.

6. The combination with the steam and We,- T n T 5 ter drum of a Water tube boiler, of the de- AMASA ORIHH GTON' fieeting-plates suspended from hinges and lo- \Vitnesses: V eatecl Within the drum opposite the steam-in- H. F. PARKER,

d not-ion tubes, said plate being inclined toward CHAS. HANIMANN.