US7036320B2 - Gas turbine with stator shroud in the cavity beneath the chamber - Google Patents

Gas turbine with stator shroud in the cavity beneath the chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
US7036320B2
US7036320B2 US10/513,447 US51344704A US7036320B2 US 7036320 B2 US7036320 B2 US 7036320B2 US 51344704 A US51344704 A US 51344704A US 7036320 B2 US7036320 B2 US 7036320B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
downstream
temperature
air
cone
flow passage
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US10/513,447
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English (en)
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US20050172642A1 (en
Inventor
Sylvie Coulon
Jean-Claude Taillant
Michel Hacault
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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SNECMA Moteurs SA
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Assigned to SNECMA MOTEURS reassignment SNECMA MOTEURS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COULON, SYLVIE, HACAULT, MICHEL, TAILLANT, JEAN-CLAUDE
Publication of US20050172642A1 publication Critical patent/US20050172642A1/en
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Assigned to SNECMA reassignment SNECMA CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SNECMA MOTEURS
Assigned to SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES reassignment SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SNECMA
Assigned to SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES reassignment SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE COVER SHEET TO REMOVE APPLICATION NOS. 10250419, 10786507, 10786409, 12416418, 12531115, 12996294, 12094637 12416422 PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 046479 FRAME 0807. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE CHANGE OF NAME. Assignors: SNECMA
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
    • F01D5/081—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades
    • F01D5/082—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades on the side of the rotor disc
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
    • F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/10—Stators
    • F05D2240/14—Casings or housings protecting or supporting assemblies within
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/23—Three-dimensional prismatic
    • F05D2250/232—Three-dimensional prismatic conical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05D2250/32—Arrangement of components according to their shape
    • F05D2250/323—Arrangement of components according to their shape convergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/231—Preventing heat transfer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the ventilation of a high pressure turbine wheel.
  • the invention relates more precisely to a turbomachine of axis X and comprising, from upstream to downstream, a high pressure compressor whose rotor presents a downstream cone, a diffuser extending downstream beside the axis X by an inner casing disposed radially outside said downstream compressor cone, a combustion chamber disposed radially outside said inner diffuser casing, and a high pressure turbine whose rotor is connected to the downstream compressor cone by a connection drum, the inner diffuser casing and the downstream compressor cone defining between them an under-chamber cavity that is situated downstream from a discharge labyrinth in which cavity cooling air flows downstream.
  • FIG. 1 Such a turbomachine 1 of axis X is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Reference 2 designates the disk of the last stage of the high pressure compressor, which disk carries blades at its periphery disposed at the inlet to a diffuser 3 .
  • the rotor of the compressor extends downstream via a downstream cone 4 disposed radially inside an inner casing 5 extending the radially inner portion of the diffuser 3 .
  • An annular combustion chamber 6 is mounted around the inner casing 5 .
  • the combustion chamber 6 delivers hot gases to a stator, not shown in the figure, disposed upstream from the first stage of a high pressure turbine whose rotor is connected by a connection drum 7 to the downstream cone 4 , in order to cause the rotor of the high pressure compressor to rotate.
  • Reference 8 designates the low pressure shaft which connects a low pressure turbine disposed downstream from the high pressure turbine to a low pressure compressor disposed upstream from the high pressure turbine and optionally, for a turbojet engine, to
  • the inner casing 5 of the diffuser 3 defines an annular passage 11 for the air flow that is delivered by the diffuser 3 and that is for burning the fuel in the primary zone of the combustion chamber and for diluting the combustion gases in the dilution zone in order to reduce the temperature of the hot gases delivered to the high pressure turbine.
  • a portion of the air flow going through the annular passage 11 may advantageously serve for cooling the blades in the high pressure turbine.
  • the inner casing 5 of the diffuser 3 and the downstream cone 4 of the high pressure compressor define between them an annular cavity 12 that is located radially under the inner casing 5 downstream from a discharge labyrinth 13 mounted under the diffuser 3 for providing sealing between the inner casing 5 and the downstream cone 4 of the high pressure compressor rotor.
  • a leakage air flow penetrates into the chamber 14 that is located upstream from the discharge labyrinth 13 under the diffuser 3 , through the gap separating the upstream end of the radially inner portion of the diffuser 3 from the downstream end of the periphery of the compressor disk 2 .
  • This air flows into the annular cavity 12 via the discharge labyrinth 13 and serves to cool the downstream cone 4 of the compressor rotor, and also the upstream surfaces of the turbine rotor, and particularly of the upstream flange of the turbine disk, then the air flow is discharged into the stream of hot gases by passing through the venting cavity that is located between the stator and the turbine rotor.
  • the annular cavity 12 has a radial section which flares downstream, and the air which flows therein loses speed as it travels downstream and is subjected to large rises in temperature, that are related to the power generated by the friction of the air rubbing against the walls of the inner casing 5 .
  • the temperature rises increase with increasing stator friction area, and they may reach a value close to 100° C.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the power generated in the annular cavity 12 in order to reduce the temperature of the cooling air flow therein.
  • turbomachine also includes a stator shroud that is installed under the inner diffuser casing downstream from the discharge labyrinth.
  • the radii of the stator in this region are greatly reduced, which leads to a reduction of the friction areas of the stator, and to a reduction in the power generated by friction.
  • the cross section of the annular cavity defined by the stator shroud and by the downstream cone is substantially constant from upstream to downstream.
  • This disposition allows for the air to flow at a substantially uniform speed in the annular cavity, and reduces the time taken by the air to flow through this zone.
  • stator shroud and the inner casing of the diffuser define between them an annular chamber that separates the annular cavity from the annular passage located around the inner casing of the diffuser.
  • the temperature in the annular chamber is substantially equal to half the sum of the temperatures of the two air flows, which makes it possible to reduce the heat exchanges between the two air flows.
  • FIG. 1 is a half-section of the portion that is located under the combustion chamber of a turbomachine of the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a half-section of the portion that is located under the combustion chamber of a turbomachine of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the portion of a turbomachine of the invention that is located radially inside the combustion chamber 6 , downstream from the last stage of a high pressure compressor.
  • the disk 2 of the compressor extends downstream via a downstream cone 4 connected to the connection drum of the high pressure turbine rotor.
  • the diffuser 3 also includes an inner casing 5 that flares downstream and that is disposed inside the jacket 10 that is radially inside the combustion chamber 6 and it co-operates with said casing to define a passage 11 for conveying the air flow delivered by the diffuser 3 .
  • a discharge labyrinth 13 is provided under the diffuser 3 between the inner casing 5 and the downstream cone 4 .
  • a stator shroud 20 is installed under the inner casing 5 downstream from the discharge labyrinth 13 . Downstream from the discharge labyrinth 13 , the shroud 20 and the downstream cone 4 define a conical annular passage 21 , with radial thickness or cross-section that is substantially constant throughout the entire length of the shroud 20 .
  • the conical annular passage 21 whose radius decreases upstream to downstream, conveys a leakage flow which passes through the discharge labyrinth 13 towards an enclosure 22 that is located downstream from the shroud 20 , in order to cool the upstream faces of the turbine rotor.
  • the shroud 20 and the inner casing 5 of the diffuser 3 define a chamber 23 which thermally insulates the main air flow in the passage 11 and the leakage flow in the conical annular passage 21 .
  • the air contained in this chamber 23 is at an intermediate temperature between the temperature of the main air flow and the temperature of the leakage flow.
  • the temperature of the air when entering the enclosure 22 is reduced by a value which may be as much as 26° C.
  • the saving in specific fuel consumption may be estimated at about 0.1%.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US10/513,447 2002-05-16 2003-05-16 Gas turbine with stator shroud in the cavity beneath the chamber Expired - Lifetime US7036320B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR02/06010 2002-05-16
FR0206010A FR2839745B1 (fr) 2002-05-16 2002-05-16 Turboreacteur avec un carenage stator dans la cavite sous chambre
PCT/FR2003/001497 WO2003098020A2 (fr) 2002-05-16 2003-05-16 Turboreacteur avec un carenage stator dans la cavite interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20050172642A1 US20050172642A1 (en) 2005-08-11
US7036320B2 true US7036320B2 (en) 2006-05-02

Family

ID=29286535

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/513,447 Expired - Lifetime US7036320B2 (en) 2002-05-16 2003-05-16 Gas turbine with stator shroud in the cavity beneath the chamber

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7036320B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1504178B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4195692B2 (de)
AU (1) AU2003258763A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2839745B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2311549C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2003098020A2 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050169749A1 (en) * 2003-10-21 2005-08-04 Snecma Moteurs Labyrinth seal device for gas turbine engine
US9091173B2 (en) 2012-05-31 2015-07-28 United Technologies Corporation Turbine coolant supply system
RU2616745C2 (ru) * 2011-12-02 2017-04-18 Нуово Пиньоне С.п.А. Газовая турбина, система, содержащая газовую турбину, и способ уменьшения тепловых и механических напряжений, действующих на нагрузочное соединение в газовой турбине

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2859762B1 (fr) 2003-09-11 2006-01-06 Snecma Moteurs Realisation de l'etancheite pour le prelevement cabine par un joint segment
DE102005025244A1 (de) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-07 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Luftführungssystem zwischen Verdichter und Turbine eines Gasturbinentriebwerks
FR2904047B1 (fr) * 2006-07-19 2013-03-01 Snecma Systeme de ventilation de paroi de chambre de combustion
FR2920033B1 (fr) * 2007-08-13 2014-08-22 Snecma Turbomachine avec diffuseur
EP3124742B1 (de) * 2015-07-28 2018-11-07 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Gasturbine

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2030993A5 (de) 1969-08-18 1970-11-13 Motoren Turbinen Union
GB2084654A (en) 1980-10-01 1982-04-15 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Cooling gas turbine engines
US4416111A (en) 1981-02-25 1983-11-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Air modulation apparatus
US4466239A (en) * 1983-02-22 1984-08-21 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine with improved air cooling circuit
US4852355A (en) 1980-12-22 1989-08-01 General Electric Company Dispensing arrangement for pressurized air
US4920741A (en) 1986-02-28 1990-05-01 Mtu Motoren-Und Turbinen-Union Munchen Gmbh Apparatus for venting the rotor structure of a compressor of a gas turbine power plant
US5003773A (en) 1989-06-23 1991-04-02 United Technologies Corporation Bypass conduit for gas turbine engine
US5586860A (en) 1993-11-03 1996-12-24 Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" Turbo aero engine provided with a device for heating turbine disks on revving up
US6722138B2 (en) * 2000-12-13 2004-04-20 United Technologies Corporation Vane platform trailing edge cooling

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2030993A5 (de) 1969-08-18 1970-11-13 Motoren Turbinen Union
GB2084654A (en) 1980-10-01 1982-04-15 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Cooling gas turbine engines
US4852355A (en) 1980-12-22 1989-08-01 General Electric Company Dispensing arrangement for pressurized air
US4416111A (en) 1981-02-25 1983-11-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Air modulation apparatus
US4466239A (en) * 1983-02-22 1984-08-21 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine with improved air cooling circuit
US4920741A (en) 1986-02-28 1990-05-01 Mtu Motoren-Und Turbinen-Union Munchen Gmbh Apparatus for venting the rotor structure of a compressor of a gas turbine power plant
US5003773A (en) 1989-06-23 1991-04-02 United Technologies Corporation Bypass conduit for gas turbine engine
US5586860A (en) 1993-11-03 1996-12-24 Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" Turbo aero engine provided with a device for heating turbine disks on revving up
US6722138B2 (en) * 2000-12-13 2004-04-20 United Technologies Corporation Vane platform trailing edge cooling

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050169749A1 (en) * 2003-10-21 2005-08-04 Snecma Moteurs Labyrinth seal device for gas turbine engine
US7296415B2 (en) * 2003-10-21 2007-11-20 Snecma Moteurs Labyrinth seal device for gas turbine engine
RU2616745C2 (ru) * 2011-12-02 2017-04-18 Нуово Пиньоне С.п.А. Газовая турбина, система, содержащая газовую турбину, и способ уменьшения тепловых и механических напряжений, действующих на нагрузочное соединение в газовой турбине
US9091173B2 (en) 2012-05-31 2015-07-28 United Technologies Corporation Turbine coolant supply system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2004136856A (ru) 2005-05-27
EP1504178A2 (de) 2005-02-09
FR2839745B1 (fr) 2005-05-20
AU2003258763A1 (en) 2003-12-02
EP1504178B1 (de) 2016-08-31
AU2003258763A8 (en) 2003-12-02
WO2003098020A2 (fr) 2003-11-27
FR2839745A1 (fr) 2003-11-21
JP2005526210A (ja) 2005-09-02
WO2003098020A3 (fr) 2004-03-11
JP4195692B2 (ja) 2008-12-10
US20050172642A1 (en) 2005-08-11
RU2311549C2 (ru) 2007-11-27

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