US68571A - William b - Google Patents

Description

.tnitrn tstes atrnt @fitta WILLIAM B. POLLOCK. OF HOLYOKE, MASSCHllSE'llrlS,l

Letters Patent No. 68,571, dated September 3, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-RULING MACHINES.

'ro ALL WHM 1r MAY coNcnnN:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM B. PoLLoeK, of IIolyoke,`in the county of'Hampden, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Paper-Ruling Machinery; andvI do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to -the accompanying drawings, making apart of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, whereof-- I Figure 1"is a plan, having a small portion shown as broken away at D D.

Figure 21's -a vertical transverse section made by a planepassing through F F', fig. 1. Figure 3 is a longitudinal horizontal section through G G', fig. 2.

Figure 4 is a plan of a clamp fitted with adjustable pens.

Figure 5 is a reverse Yplu-n of the same.

Figure 6 is a vertical transverse section through H Hl, iig, 5.

. The paper-ruling machinery now in use in manufactories of tine paper, and boolebinderies, consists mainly of a system of cylinders and endless tapes supported in a frame and moved in such manner as to allow the paper to be ruled to be passed sheet after sheet beneath a clamp filled with pens, which is attached to the upper part of the frame. A reservoir lled with ink of the color desired is also attached to the machine in the rear of the clamp, and small strips of cloth or wick are used to conduct the ink from thereservoir to the points of the pens, each pen being furnished with a strip or wick. The pens in general use are of the kind shown, and are manufactured in cards or combs of a few inches in length and of different sizes, the term size having reference, however, to the distance of the pens apart and not to their relative ineness of point. The ruling machine is generally constructed of a width sufficient to allow the ruling of two sheets ofpaper at the same time, sothat two courses of paper are constantly passing side by side beneath the pens. The clamp in which these cards of pens are placed is, in its simplest and usual form, constructed of two strips of hard wood, fastened together face to face by screws. Cards of pens are inserted between the strips and secured by turning the screws. Apin or shaft projects from each end of the ordinary clamp and rests in bearings set at each side ofthe machine. A screw-thread is cut on each shaft, and-a nut with a milled head turns on cach shaft. The bearings being `of such form as to allow the clamp to be moved laterally in them, it is adjusted so as to bring the pens to the desired position over the paper by turning up one of the nuts and .slackening off the other. It is obvious that with a clamp constructed as described it will be diiiicult to adjust al1 the pens so as to rule both of the courses ofl moving paper correctly, and that while one course pf pens maybe ruling properly it may be necessary to loosen the screws in the clamp and change the position of the pens-which are ruling the-other course, and that during this adjustment the machine must be stopped, the clamp removed from the bearings, and that the section of pens which was before ruling correctly may be displaced in the operation. This adjustment is especially frequent in ruling the side of a sheet of paper, of which the other side has been already ruled, in order to make the ruling register, or to make one line directly over the other, so that in looking through the sheet toward the light the lines on the opposite sides of the sheet will coincide in position, .and appear as one line.

The nature of my invention consists, first, in constructing that portion of the clamp in which the pens are confined in two parts, and giving each of these parts an independent lateral adjustment, so that either part may be moved laterally, and thus bring the pens contained in it into any desired position over the paper to be ruled, without stopping the maehine'or removing the clamp from its bearings; second, in substituting, in place of a nut on the shaft at each end of the clamp, a single'nut at one end only, and -by means of a groove formed in this nut, which takes in the bearing, controlling the lateral adjustment of thc whole clamp at one end of the machine; third, in using, instead of cards of pens, if desired, detached pens, so regulated and moved by a lever that the pens can be readily setat such distances apart as to rule in any plain style required, and changed from one style to another without stopping the machine; fourth, in attaching one or two adjustable counterpoises to the clamp to cause the pens to press more or less heavily on the paper to be ruled, or to raise them entirely from the paper, if required. l

The construction of my invention is as follows: A stripof wood, A, figs. l, 2, and 3, of suitable length to correspond with the width of the ruling machine, has a shaft,f, inserted in each end. One of these is screwed firmly into a seat or nut, o; the other has a screw-thread cut upon it and turns in a nut, o', which is fastened in the strlp A by the pin x'. This revolving shaft is also enlarged at tho end, so as to form the milled head f', and a groove, m, is turned in the enlarged part inside of the milled portion. The bearing which supports the strip A on the machine is of suiiicient thickness to fill the width of this groove'itr ythe shaft, and therefore will prevent the shaft from moving laterally .in the bearing. Consequently, if the shaft is turned by means of the milled head upon it, the clamp will be drawn towardy the bearing or moved away from it by the'aeticn of the screw-thread k and nut o', and the operator can control the motion of thestrip A and remain at one side of the machine. A groove, D, is eut in one side of A, extending from end to end. Atthe middle point of the length of this groove is set a metal bearing, z, which is fastened to A by the ,screws z' z'. This strip A, so supported on the sh'aftsff, is not designed to be removed from the machine, but is intended to receive and support the clamps now tb be described. These clamps I construct of two kinds, one for using the common cards or combs of pens, 'gs. 1 and 2, and another for using detached and adjustable penshfigs. 4, 5, and 6. The first-named clamp is constructed of two pieces of wood, B B', fastened together face to face by common wood-screws c. The screws are loosened and the cards of pens are inserted between the stripsB B' in number sufficient to form a continuous row of pens along the clamp. A shallow groove is cut in B and in B', as shown at b', to facilitate the setting of the cards of pens. The strips B B' are then drawn togetherby turning the screws c, and the clamp is ready to be applied to A. As this supporting strip A has a lateral movement in its bearings it is also desirable that each of the clamps contained init should have an independent lateral motion to adjust the pens in each clamp to the course of paper which is passing under it. Each clamp, therefore, has upon `the back side a projection, D', which enters the groove D in A and slides in it. To this projection D a nut, g, is fastened, and a rod, e, having a screw-thread cut upon it, passes through 'this nut and turns in it. At its inner end the rod e rests in the before-mentioned metal bearing h, which is setin thes'trip A. Near its outer end this rod is turned down, or necked down, and this smaller part turns in a metal bearing, fn, which is fastened in A by the pin .'p, which can be readily removed. This rod e is turned Aby means of a milled head, CZ, at its outer end, which I denominate' a register-wheel. As the rod c cannot move laterally on account of the said smaller part being confined in the bearing n, it is evident that when the rod -is turned by means of the register-wheel the clamp B will, by the action of the screw-thread cut on the rod e in the nut g, be moved to or from the registerwheel. The two clamps, which are supported in A, are constructed alike, except that the position of the rod e and its adjuncts, as shown attached to B, are reversed upon the clamp C, so that one clamp can be adjusted at one side ofthe machine and the other clamp at the opposite side. The construction ofthe clamp for detached pens, figs. 4,..5, and 6, is more complicated, and is as follows: \A. piece of wood, A', has a projection, D', and a nut, g, upon its rear edge, of the same form as in the clamps B and C already described,and the lateral movement of it is effected inprecisely the same-manner as in the simple clamps B and C. An end piece of metal, nl n, is attached to each end of A', and a round rod, w, is supported by these end pieces beneath-A'. On this rod 2v the pen-holders al a2 a3 a4 a5 slide, each pen-holder having a round hole through it. These pen-holders are constructed of two pieces of metal, of which the upper is secured to the lower and larger piece by the screw c'. The pens a are firmly secured between these two pieces of the pen-holder at byturning the screw c. The pen-holders are connected, by means of rods P1112 p3 p4 p5, with a. lever, p, said rods being attached to the lever by the pins t, and with the pen-'holders by the pins t'. The fulerum of this lever is the set-screw q, which, if turned up, also serves to confine the lever in any position. The set-screw qturns in arec'tangular piece of brass or other metal, r, through which is a round hole. The rod w passes through this hole, Aand the block r slides upon the rod w in like manner as the pen-holders. By sliding the block r along the rod 'w the whole system of pen-holders, with the lever and connecting-rods, may be moved to or from the end of' the clamp. A set-screw, s, turning'in the block r and against the rod w, serves to confine the block in any position on the rod. After the p'eneholders have been brought to the desired position ou the rod by moving the lever p, if the set-.screws s and Q lare turned up tightly, but little movement of the pen-holders on the rod w is possible. To avoid, however, any possible variation in the position ofthe pen-holders an additional safeguard is attached to the clamp. This consists of a strip of metal, u', having a round projection on one end. A'scrcw-thlead is cut upon this projection, and a round nut, u, with milled edge, turns upon it. Two oblique slots are cut inthis strip of metal, and screws, v e, passing through the slots, secure the strip to the wood A. Asthcse slots are cut obliquely the strip u', if drawn toward the end n2 of the clamp by turning the round nut u on the end of it, will also move in the line of the oblque'slots and will act as a wedge, pressing against the pen-holdc`rs and still further coniining them in'any position desired. The counterpoise, figs. 1 and 2, consists of a bont strip of metal, y, Ysecured to A by a screw, Z. A hole in the weight y' serves to hang the weight on the strip y. The weight is moved to and fro on the strip y to produce more or less pressure of the pens upon the paper beneath, If, after moving the weighty' inward as far as possible, there is still too much pressure the stripg/ may be turned'so as to occupy the position shown by the red lines, and the weight y' moved along it, as in the former position of y, or the strip y may be turned in the direction of the bearings of the strip of wood A, if not needed.

The operation of my invention is as follows: In using the clamps B and C, (for cardsof pens,) fig. 1, two clamps containing the proper size of pens are selected from the stock of clamps, which may advantageously be large enough to contain a pair of clamps for each style of ruling, or if the pens are to be inserted in the clamps at the time of using them suitable cards are selected, the screws in the clamps loosened', the cards inserted, and secured in the clamp by turning up the screws. The rod e is then passed through the nut g and the clamp is ready to be attached to A, which is supposed to remain on the machine. The projection D' is inserted in the groove in A, and the clamp is moved along the groove until thc rod e enters the bearing h. 'lhc block n is then inserted in its place in the end of A, thepin .1: inserted, and the clamp is securely fastened upon A, and can be moved laterally along the front edge of A by turning the register-wheel d. The manner in which the lateral movement of the strip A itself is controlled by turning the milled headf' has already been described. 1

It', however, the location of the ruling machine should make it necessary to control the movement of A from that side of the machine opposite to theside herein shown it is obvious that the shaftsff may be interchanged so as to bring the milled headf at the other side of the machine. In operating the clamps for using detached vpens the number of pen-holders upon the rod w will vary with the width of the machine, and the style of work for which the ruling machine is to be used. Double pens, or pens making two lines near together, may be inserted in one or more ofthe pen-holders in place of the single ones shown in the drawings. When the style of ruling in any case is decided, the operator loosens the set-screws s, q, and u and slides the block r along the rod w until the pens are over or nearly over the course of paper to be ruled. The set-screwsis then tightened and the leverp moved until the pens stand at the proper distance apart. From the manner in which the connectingrods p1 p2 p3 p* p5 are' attached to the lever p, so that the'successivc distances of tin 295, t in pf, &c., from the fulcrum g constantly increase by a common difference, it is evident that .the pen-holders will always remain at equal distances apart. When the proper position of the pens has been obtained the set-screw q is tightened, the nut u turned up, and the clamp applied Ato-A in thesarne manner as the clamps B and C already shown. All the described adjustment of the penswmayho\vever, be performed after the clamp is attached to A. Two of these last-mentioned clamps may beused upon A, or one may be used irr connection with one of the simple clamps B or C. Any parts of my invention shown as constructed of wood may, if desired, be constructed oi suitable metal. l

What I therefore claim in the premises, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1.'The combination of the middle bearing z, end bearings n n, and rod e, with the strip A, substantially as described.

2. The simple clamp B or C, constructed described, with the projection D', in combination with the nut g, bearing n, rod e, and its register-wheel d. I

3. The clamp for using detached pens, when constructed and operating substantially as described.

4. The combination of two simple clamps, or of two clamps for using detached pens, or of'one clamp of each kind, with the strip A, the whole and each part thereof` constructed and operating substantially as described. i

5. The Vuse, in a paper-ruling machine, of two clamps or series of pens, each clamp or series having an independent lateral adjustment, in combina-tion with a supporting strip.

WILLIAM B. POLLOGKK. Witnesses J. P. BUCKLAND, ALVIN WHITE.

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