US6820126B2 - System for dynamic process assignment in a local area network and method therefor - Google Patents

System for dynamic process assignment in a local area network and method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
US6820126B2
US6820126B2 US09/828,577 US82857701A US6820126B2 US 6820126 B2 US6820126 B2 US 6820126B2 US 82857701 A US82857701 A US 82857701A US 6820126 B2 US6820126 B2 US 6820126B2
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Prior art keywords
resource
devices
dynamic process
hoc network
recited
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US20020143966A1 (en
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Salvador Sibecas
Paul Edward Gorday
Robert Mark Gorday
Eric Thomas Eaton
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Google Technology Holdings LLC
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Motorola Inc
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Priority to US09/828,577 priority Critical patent/US6820126B2/en
Priority to EP02728648A priority patent/EP1377910A4/en
Priority to PCT/US2002/010253 priority patent/WO2002082291A1/en
Priority to CNB028010264A priority patent/CN1253808C/zh
Priority to KR10-2002-7016416A priority patent/KR100494203B1/ko
Priority to JP2002580188A priority patent/JP4647189B2/ja
Priority to BR0204740-3A priority patent/BR0204740A/pt
Publication of US20020143966A1 publication Critical patent/US20020143966A1/en
Publication of US6820126B2 publication Critical patent/US6820126B2/en
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Assigned to Motorola Mobility, Inc reassignment Motorola Mobility, Inc ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MOTOROLA, INC
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Assigned to Google Technology Holdings LLC reassignment Google Technology Holdings LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MOTOROLA MOBILITY LLC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/04—Protocols specially adapted for terminals or networks with limited capabilities; specially adapted for terminal portability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to wireless communication systems and in particular to wireless communication systems incorporating dynamic process assignment.
  • Short-range wireless communication and personal area networks will soon proliferate in common household products as well as mobile business products.
  • Currently many products that have wireless capability are incompatible.
  • Short-range wireless local area network (WLAN) protocols such as Bluetooth, HomeRF, and IEEE 802.11 provide an avenue towards compatibility. These short-range WLAN protocols operate at lower power and over shorter distances. These short-range WLAN protocols generally use unlicensed spectrum and require minimal coordination with the secondary communication protocol of the device (e.g., GSM, IS-95, IS-136, ReFLEXTM, etc.).
  • Short-range wireless communication can be, for example, provided using an Infrared Data Association (IrDA) communication standard.
  • IrDA is a point-to-point, narrow angle (30 degree cone), ad-hoc data transmission standard designed to operate over a distance of zero (0) to one (1) meter and at speeds of 9600 bits per second to 16 Mega bits per second.
  • the short-range communication can be provided using a Bluetooth communication standard.
  • Bluetooth is a short range, point-to-multipoint voice and data transfer standard designed to operate over a nominal distance of ten (10) centimeters to ten (10) meters, but can be extended to one hundred (100) meters by increasing transmit power. Bluetooth operates in the 2.4 Gigahertz radio frequency range.
  • Short-range WLAN protocols such as IrDA and Bluetooth technology allow for the replacement of the many proprietary cables that connect one device to another with one universal short-range radio link.
  • Short range WLAN protocol technology could replace the cumbersome cables used today to connect a laptop to a cellular telephone or between other devices such as printers, personal digital assistants, desktops, fax machines, keyboards, joysticks or virtually any other digital device.
  • Refrigerators, microwave ovens, dish washers, laundry washers & dryers, stereo, television, digital video disks, video games, lighting, irrigation, cooling and heating systems among others may also take advantage of such short-range radio links.
  • ad hoc networks Two or more units sharing the same channel is called an ad hoc network.
  • an ad hoc network one of the units functions as the master while the others function as slaves.
  • up to seven active slaves can exist in an ad hoc network but many more can remain locked to the same master in a so-called parked state. These parked units cannot be active on the channel, but remain synchronized to the master.
  • the master always controls the channel access for both the active and the parked units.
  • the master in a Bluetooth system controls the traffic across the channel using a polling scheme.
  • a scatternet is the combination of two or more ad hoc networks with overlapping coverage area.
  • Each ad hoc network can only have one master. However, a master in one ad hoc network can participate as a slave in another and slaves can also participate in different ad hoc networks on a time division multiplex basis.
  • Ad hoc networks within a scatternet are not time or frequency synchronized. Each ad hoc network uses its own hopping sequence.
  • the devices participating in an ad hoc network each include different processes capabilities. For example, some have more processing power, some have access to an unlimited power source, and some include a variety of powerful applications. Further, usage profiles vary for each device. For example, printers may have a low usage profile and thus have some additional free computing time. Similarly, the personal computer in an office may have a high usage profile but may be the only device that has a particular application on board. One personal computer may have access to a higher speed modem.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a communication system having devices that operate on both a short range and a secondary protocol;
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a block diagram of an ad hoc network for use within the communication system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a smart network access point for use in the ad hoc network of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the communication between devices within the ad hoc network of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of the ad hoc network of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the secondary protocol system 12 as shown in FIG. 1 includes a base station 16 with a co-located base transmitter 18 and base receiver 20 covering a wide area range 22 as shown.
  • a typical secondary protocol could be Motorola's ReFLEXTM messaging protocol.
  • the secondary protocol system 12 can function utilizing any wireless RF channel, for example, a one or two-way pager channel, a mobile cellular telephone channel, or a mobile radio channel.
  • the secondary protocol system 12 can function utilizing other types of communication channels such as infrared channels, audio channels, and local area networks.
  • the term “secondary protocol system” refers to any of the systems mentioned above or an equivalent.
  • each of the devices is a device using a short-range WLAN protocol, such as Bluetooth technology.
  • a short-range WLAN protocol such as Bluetooth technology.
  • the short-range WLAN protocol in accordance with the present invention, can function utilizing any short-range wireless protocol such as IrDA, HomeRF, and IEEE 802.11.
  • each device will establish a list of “partners”,
  • a first device such as the personal computer 24 (User A), and one or more of the potential partner devices (the wireless communication device 26 , the personal digital assistant 28 , the printer 30 , or the computer 32 ) agree to form an ad-hoc network.
  • the personal computer 24 User A
  • the potential partner devices the wireless communication device 26 , the personal digital assistant 28 , the printer 30 , or the computer 32
  • This network is defined by a list of active partners stored in Unit A.
  • the list may contain available resources for each device, including battery life, access to wide area networks, application availability, utilization, etc.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an ad-hoc network 36 for use within the communication system 10 of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the ad hoc network 36 can be a subset of the short-range protocol system 14 of FIG. 1 .
  • the ad hoc network 36 includes a plurality of devices 40 such as the wireless communication device 26 , the personal digital assistant 28 , the printer 30 , and the computer 32 .
  • the ad hoc network 36 further includes a smart network access point 38 .
  • an initial coordinator functions as the master and the plurality of devices 40 function as the slaves.
  • the initial coordinator for example, can be the smart network access point 38 or alternatively, the initial coordinator can be one of the plurality of devices 40 .
  • each of the plurality of devices 40 in accordance with the present invention can be a mobile cellular telephone, a mobile radio data terminal, a mobile cellular telephone having an attached data terminal, or a two way pager, such as the “Pagewriter 2000X” manufactured by Motorola Inc. of Schaumburg, Ill.
  • each of the plurality of devices 40 in accordance with the present invention, can be a printer, a personal computer, or a personal digital assistant.
  • the term “device” refers to any of the devices mentioned above or an equivalent.
  • the ad hoc network 36 can include only the plurality of devices 40 in one embodiment without the use of the smart network access point 38 .
  • one or more of the plurality of devices can take the role of initial coordinator or resource manager.
  • the smart network access point 38 preferably functions as a transformer from the short-range WLAN protocol to the secondary network 12 such as a local area network (LAN) or a wireless communication system (see FIG. 1 ).
  • the secondary network 12 such as a local area network (LAN) or a wireless communication system (see FIG. 1 ).
  • LAN local area network
  • the smart network access point 38 includes an ad hoc network interface 42 , a secondary system interface 44 , a processor 46 and a resource management application 48 .
  • the processor 46 utilizing conventional signal-processing techniques for processing received information.
  • the processor 46 is similar to the MC68328 micro controller manufactured by Motorola, Inc. of Schaumburg, Ill. It will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that other similar processors can be utilized for the processor 46 , and that additional processors of the same or alternative type can be utilized as required to handle the processing requirements of the processor 46 .
  • the initial coordinator such as the smart network access point 38
  • the initial coordinator includes the resource management application 48 coupled to the processor 46 .
  • the smart network access point 38 performs resource management functions within the resource management application 48 using a processor command 50 sent from the processor 46 .
  • the resource management application 48 sends an application response 52 in reply to the processor command 50 .
  • the resource management application 48 preferably includes a resource-tracking list 54 .
  • the resource management application 48 can be hard coded or programmed into the smart network access point 38 during manufacturing, can be programmed over-the-air upon customer subscription, or can be a downloadable application. It will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that other programming methods can be utilized for programming the resource management application 48 into the smart network access point 38 .
  • the resource management application 48 preferably is programmed to enable utilization of a required resource from the resource-tracking list 54 .
  • the resource-tracking list 54 includes a plurality of resource information 56 for each of the plurality of devices 40 of the ad hoc network 36 .
  • the plurality of resource information 56 can include device battery life, device battery capacity, device processing power, and access to the secondary network for each of the plurality of devices 40 .
  • the resource management application 48 in response to the processor command 50 , preferably accesses the resource-tracking list 54 .
  • the resource management application 48 is programmed to identify an available resource from the resource-tracking list 54 using the plurality of resource information 56 stored in the resource-tracking list 54 by using predetermined algorithms, as is well known in the art.
  • the resource management application 48 is preferably programmed with a set of rules identifying the resource to allocate in response to the processor command 50 .
  • the resource management application 48 identifies the available resource
  • the resource management application 48 sends the application response 52 to the processor 46 .
  • the processor 46 in response to receipt of the application response 52 , enables the use of the available resource by the requesting device.
  • the present invention provides a novel way of dynamically assigning a particular task to one of the plurality of devices 40 within the ad hoc network 36 .
  • the smart network access point 38 can be located in a public place and the plurality of devices 40 can initially be three devices, for example, the personal digital assistant 28 , the printer 30 , and the computer 32 .
  • the smart network access point 38 and each of the plurality of devices 40 preferably operate using one of many secondary, short-range WLAN protocols as described herein. It will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that the secondary, short-range WLAN protocol, in accordance with the present invention, can function utilizing any short-range wireless protocol such as Bluetooth, IrDA, HomeRF, and IEEE 802.11.
  • a fourth device such as the wireless communication device 26
  • it can decide to become part of the ad hoc network 36 .
  • it can request to be a member of the ad hoc network 36 for the purpose of downloading a long electronic mail document 58 (E-mail) originally written in a language other than English.
  • the smart network access point 38 processes the request from the wireless communication device 26 and identity from the resource-tracking list 54 (see FIG. 3) of the smart network access point 38 , the available resource to translate the E-mail document 58 . Further it instructs the resource identified to translate the email where to return the translated email.
  • the smart network access point 38 when the smart network access point 38 has greater resources available (memory, processing power, energy source) than the other plurality of devices 40 , the smart network access point 38 can run the translation application to translate the E-mail document 58 , while still serving the other three devices.
  • the smart network access point 38 can assign the wireless communication device 26 to run the translation application itself to translate the E-mail document 58 .
  • the smart network access point 38 downloads the E-mail document 58 to another device within the ad hoc network 36 that is capable of running the application such as the computer 32 .
  • the computer 32 completes the task, it sends the translated document back to the smart network access point 38 , which forwards this information to the wireless communication device 26 .
  • the computer 32 sends the translated document directly to the wireless communication device 26 .
  • FIG. 4 illustrates one embodiment of the communication between the smart network access point 38 , a requesting device 60 , and a resource device 62 of the ad hoc network 36 .
  • the smart network access point 38 polls the requesting device 60 by transmitting polling signal 66 in an occupied bandwidth. Preferably, this transmission is of a standard Bluetooth 1.0 type transmission or an equivalent.
  • the requesting device 60 in response, requests a resource 64 that is dynamically selected by the smart network access point 38 .
  • a polling signal 66 sent from the smart network access point 38 has just arrived at the requesting device 60 and the smart network access point 38 is maintaining the ad hoc network 36 , e.g., polling the plurality of devices 40 (not shown).
  • the requesting device 60 utilizes its internal resources for performing required tasks.
  • the initial coordinator for example the smart network access point 38 or one of the plurality of devices 40 sets the communication between two devices of the ad hoc network and thereafter the two devices communicate directly with each other without the interference of the initial coordinator.
  • the transmission in accordance with the present invention, can function utilizing any short-range wireless protocol such as IrDA, HomeRF, and IEEE 802.11.
  • the requesting device 60 then sends a resource request signal 68 to requests the usage of a resource from the ad hoc network 36 to the smart network access point 38 .
  • the smart network access point 38 identifies the available resource within the ad hoc network 36 and sends a polling resource signal 70 to the resource device 62 to confirm use of the selected resource of the resource device 62 .
  • the resource device 62 then sends a confirmation signal 72 to the smart network access point 38 .
  • the smart network access point 38 finds an acceptable resource, the smart network access point 38 sends an acknowledgement signal 74 acknowledging the request of the requesting device 60 including identification of the resource device 62 .
  • the smart network access point 38 finds the resource identified as unacceptable, the smart network access point 38 will ideally search the resource-tracking list 54 for the best alternative, which is then sent to the requesting device 60 .
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the one embodiment of the operation of the ad hoc network 36 of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention.
  • Step 76 a wireless connection is formed between two devices using one a WLAN protocol.
  • Step 78 the two devices have stored in memory a common application. Alternatively, one or both devices can have access to the common application via the secondary protocol system 12 .
  • Step 80 one of the devices decides to run the common application.
  • Step 82 both devices set a decision counter to zero.
  • Step 84 the available excess energy of the two devices is compared. For example, one of the devices can have access to an unlimited power source.
  • Step 86 when the battery life of the first device (D 1 ) is lower than the second device (D 2 ), the counter of D 1 is incremented by one.
  • Step 88 when the battery life of D 1 is greater than the battery life of D 2 , the available capacity of the two devices is compared.
  • Step 90 when the capacity of D 1 is lower than the capacity of D 2 , the counter of D 1 is incremented by one.
  • Step 92 when the capacity of D 1 is greater than the capacity of D 2 , the processing power of the two devices is compared.
  • Step 94 when the capacity of D 1 is lower than the capacity of D 2 , the counter of D 1 is incremented by one.
  • the processing power of D 1 is greater than the processing power of D 2 in Step 92 , and when the counter of D 1 has been incremented by one in Steps 86 , 90 , and 94 , next, in Step 96 , the final counter value is calculated.
  • Step 98 the counter value of D 1 is compared to the counter value of D 2 .
  • Step 100 when the counter value of D 1 is lower than the counter value of D 2 , D 1 is used to run the common application.
  • Step 102 when the counter value of D 1 is higher than the counter value of D 2 , D 2 is used to run the common application. The process then resets to begin again at Step 76 .
  • the raw video signal can require a data rate (bandwidth) of several hundred kilobits per second (kbps).
  • the video signal can require as little as 28.8 kbps, depending upon the quality and size of the video image.
  • the compressed signal is transmitted over the wireless channel for bandwidth efficiency, in order to support many users.
  • the videophone performs both MPEG4 compression and decompression for transmitting and receiving the video signal.
  • the same phone can also be used on a WLAN, which can support higher bandwidths, and typically fewer users.
  • the phone and the smart network access point 38 can communicate regarding available bandwidth, MIPs capabilities and devices' processors, and user battery status.
  • the devices can make a decision for the smart network access point to do the processing intensive MPEG4 video compression and decompression and then transmit the uncompressed video signal to the user's device with a higher bandwidth WLAN protocol. This saves battery power and potentially speeds up the video processing at the expense of consuming WLAN bandwidth and processing resources of the smart network access point.
  • the decision of the smart network access point to perform the video compression and decompression can be made on a frame by frame basis, so the smart network access point 38 can continue to handle other processes intermittently.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Multi Processors (AREA)
US09/828,577 2001-04-02 2001-04-02 System for dynamic process assignment in a local area network and method therefor Expired - Lifetime US6820126B2 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/828,577 US6820126B2 (en) 2001-04-02 2001-04-02 System for dynamic process assignment in a local area network and method therefor
BR0204740-3A BR0204740A (pt) 2001-04-02 2002-04-02 Sistema para designação dinâmica de processo em uma rede de área local e método para o mesmo
PCT/US2002/010253 WO2002082291A1 (en) 2001-04-02 2002-04-02 System for dynamic process assignment in a local area network and method therefor
CNB028010264A CN1253808C (zh) 2001-04-02 2002-04-02 局域网中动态过程分配的系统及其方法
KR10-2002-7016416A KR100494203B1 (ko) 2001-04-02 2002-04-02 근거리 네트워크에서의 동적 처리 할당을 위한 시스템 및그 방법
JP2002580188A JP4647189B2 (ja) 2001-04-02 2002-04-02 地域ネットワークにおける動的プロセス割り当てのためのシステムおよびその方法
EP02728648A EP1377910A4 (en) 2001-04-02 2002-04-02 DYNAMIC METHOD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN LOCAL NETWORK AND ASSOCIATED METHOD

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EP (1) EP1377910A4 (pt)
JP (1) JP4647189B2 (pt)
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CN (1) CN1253808C (pt)
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