US6789314B2 - Apparatus and method for connecting shafts - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for connecting shafts Download PDF

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Publication number
US6789314B2
US6789314B2 US10/093,471 US9347102A US6789314B2 US 6789314 B2 US6789314 B2 US 6789314B2 US 9347102 A US9347102 A US 9347102A US 6789314 B2 US6789314 B2 US 6789314B2
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
shaft
support hub
stub shaft
impeller shaft
stub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime, expires
Application number
US10/093,471
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English (en)
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US20030167635A1 (en
Inventor
Robert A. Blakley
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SPX Flow Inc
SPX Technologies Inc
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SPX Corp
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Priority to AU2003218064A priority patent/AU2003218064A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2003/007297 priority patent/WO2003078042A1/fr
Publication of US20030167635A1 publication Critical patent/US20030167635A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US6789314B2 publication Critical patent/US6789314B2/en
Assigned to GS DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION reassignment GS DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SPX CORPORATION
Assigned to GSLE SUBCO L.L.C. reassignment GSLE SUBCO L.L.C. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GS DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Assigned to GSLE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION reassignment GSLE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GSLE SUBCO LLC
Assigned to SPX CORPORATION reassignment SPX CORPORATION MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GSLE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Assigned to SPX FLOW reassignment SPX FLOW ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SPX CORPORATION
Assigned to SPX FLOW, INC. reassignment SPX FLOW, INC. CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE RECEIVING PARTY DATA PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL: 035561 FRAME: 0004. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE ASSIGNMENT. Assignors: SPX CORPORATION
Assigned to BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT reassignment BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT NOTICE OF GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS Assignors: SPX FLOW, INC.
Assigned to CITIBANK, N.A. reassignment CITIBANK, N.A. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PHILADELPHIA MIXING SOLUTIONS LLC, SPX FLOW TECHNOLOGY USA, INC., SPX FLOW US, LLC, SPX FLOW, INC.
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to SPX FLOW, INC. reassignment SPX FLOW, INC. RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST RECORDED AT REEL/FRAME 039337/0749 Assignors: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
    • B01F2035/35—Use of other general mechanical engineering elements in mixing devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/4932—Turbomachine making
    • Y10T29/49321—Assembling individual fluid flow interacting members, e.g., blades, vanes, buckets, on rotary support member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49332—Propeller making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to an apparatus and method for connecting two shafts. More particularly, the invention pertains to an apparatus and method for connecting two shafts which may be of dissimilar materials. The invention also pertains to radially restraining the lower end of a shaft assembly with a steady bearing.
  • a vessel that contains liquid and/or solid material that is to be mixed.
  • a shaft extends into the vessel, and has impellers radially projecting from, and/or radially supported by, the rotating shaft.
  • the shaft is rotationally driven by a motor, often external to the vessel. As the shaft rotates, the impellers are moved through the material and effect a mixing of the material.
  • a driven shaft In some of the vessel impeller shaft arrangements that are used, it is known for a driven shaft to extend downwardly from the top of the vessel, and have its lower end terminate before reaching the bottom of the vessel, so that the lower end of the shaft is in a suspended state from the top. In some situations where the lower end of the impeller shaft is freely suspended, or “overhung” the lower end of the shaft will tend to deflect radially (i.e., undergo off-axis movement) due to the many lateral forces that are present at the impeller(s) on the mixer shaft. To inhibit this movement, it has been known to place a steady bearing arrangement mounted to on the bottom or sides of the mixing vessel, which has a bushing that surrounds the impeller shaft near its lower end and provides axial constraints to the shaft. This arrangement also raises the lateral natural frequency of the shaft. In this manner taller vessels and longer shafts can be used.
  • Impeller shafts are sometimes constructed of one or more longitudinal sections. Because of the bending and torsional forces imposed on the impeller shaft, and because of the corrosive environments typically present in such mixer environments, it has been known to have the impeller shaft be constructed of one or more longitudinal sections of a metal or metal alloy such as stainless steel.
  • a contributing factor to this undesirable wear is the fact that in a corrosive or oxidizing environment such as is often present in the mixer systems, stainless steel develops a thin oxidized coating on its surface. Normally, where friction is not present, as on the parts of the shaft not in contact with the bearing, this thin coating develops only to a certain thickness, thereafter, any further oxidation on the surface of the shaft is inhibited. However, in the region of the bushing contact, the bushing tends to continually wear off the oxidized coating as it develops. As a result, the bushing tends to continually wear away the surface of a stainless steel shaft where it contacts the shaft, reducing the overall life of the bearing/shaft connection.
  • Silicon carbide is not generally used for shaft purposes due to its extreme brittleness, high cost, and the ease with which it can be fractured. It does, however, possesses excellent corrosion resistant properties, extreme hardness, very high modulus of elasticity, very low coefficient of thermal expansion, etc. Metal shafts do not generally simultaneously posses these attributes.
  • an apparatus for restraining an end of a rotatable impeller shaft.
  • the apparatus includes a support hub connected to the end of the impeller shaft for rotation therewith.
  • a stub shaft is rigidly mounted to the support hub for rotation therewith.
  • a steady bearing surrounds at least a portion of the stub shaft.
  • the stub shaft may be made of a ceramic, for example, silicon carbide.
  • the stub shaft may be press-fit into the support hub.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for restraining an end of a rotatable impeller shaft.
  • the apparatus includes a stub shaft.
  • a supporting means supports the stub shaft, and is connected to the end of the impeller shaft for rotation therewith.
  • Bearing means are provided for radially restraining at least a portion of the stub shaft.
  • a method for restraining an end of a rotatable impeller shaft. The method includes mounting a stub shaft in a support hub, attaching the support hub to the lower end of the impeller shaft, and placing the stub shaft into a bearing assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a side cross sectional view of a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side cross sectional view of a second preferred embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a side cross sectional view of a third preferred embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a side cross sectional view showing another variation of the invention, and also illustrating in more detail an arrangement for supporting a steady bearing.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a mixer assembly incorporating the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a novel apparatus and method for providing bearing support of a mixer impeller shaft.
  • the invention includes the connection of a stub shaft made of a wear-resistant material onto the lower end of the driven impeller shaft.
  • the invention also provides in some embodiments a connection arrangement for connecting the stub shaft onto the end of the impeller shaft.
  • the stub shaft may be made of a wear resistant material such as a ceramic, for example silicon carbide.
  • the apparatus 10 includes the lower end of a impeller shaft 12 .
  • a removable coupling 14 is attached to the lower end of the shaft 12 .
  • a support hub 16 is attached to the lower end of the removable coupling 14 .
  • the support hub 16 provides a mounting for a stub shaft 18 .
  • the stub shaft 18 is rigidly connected to rotate with the lower end of the impeller shaft 12 .
  • the stub shaft 18 is radially constrained by a steady bearing assembly 20 .
  • the lower end of the shaft 12 terminates in a reduced diameter portion 22 .
  • the removable coupling 14 is slid over the reduced diameter portion 22 and is affixed thereto by fasteners 24 .
  • the removable coupling 14 encircles the lower end 22 of the shaft 12 , and rotates therewith.
  • the support hub 16 is fastened onto the lower end of the removable coupling 14 by means of fasteners 28 that are fastened into threaded bores 26 on the removable coupling 14 .
  • the support hub 16 has a flange 29 with holes therein so that the fasteners 28 rigidly affix the support hub 16 to the removable coupling 14 . In this way, the support hub 16 rotates with the coupling 14 and the shaft 12 , and the use of a rabbeted connection 17 provides radial alignment.
  • the support hub 16 prior to its connection to the removable coupling 14 , has been rigidly connected with the stub shaft 18 as follows.
  • the stub shaft 18 is press-fit into a bore in the coupling 16 , so that once the press fit is accomplished, the stub shaft is retained by an interference fit in the support hub 16 .
  • the stub shaft 18 is made of a ceramic such as silicon carbide, and the support hub is made of a metal alloy such as titanium.
  • Silicone Carbide is a preferred material due to its extremely high hardness, very high modulus of elasticity (high stiffness), almost universal corrosion resistance, ability to withstand very hot environments, dimensional stability, commercially available as a material in a variety of shapes, and its good tribological properties.
  • the stub shaft 18 could instead be a constant diameter.
  • the region 30 and 33 of different diameters, and the region 31 with the manufacturing relief as shown.
  • the outer diameter of the stub shaft and the inner diameter of the bore in the hub may need to be relatively precisely toleranced. If it is difficult to machine a lengthy portion such as the entire inserted length of the stub shaft 18 , as well as a lengthy bore in the hub 16 , to the needed tolerances, then the relief 31 provides a space between the two toleranced portions 30 and 33 , which can each be shorter than the entire inserted length.
  • FIG. 1 provides an easily replaceable stub shaft assembly.
  • the stub shaft 18 can be mounted in the support hub 16 at factory using press fit techniques. This component having both the stub shaft 18 and support hub 16 can be conveniently attached, detached, and/or replaced onto the coupling 14 at the site of installation of the mixer. If a removable coupling 14 is not used (as shown in FIG. 3 ), then the component having both the stub shaft 18 and support has hub 16 can be conveniently attached detached, and/or replaced directly onto the shaft 12 by, for example, a flange connection.
  • the stub shaft 18 is radially constrained by the bearing assembly 20 , which includes in the exemplary embodiment an upper bushing 36 and a lower bushing 38 .
  • the bushings maybe made of any suitable material, including carbon graphite, polymers, nylon or PEEK.
  • the bushings 36 and 38 are retained by a bushing holder 40 .
  • the bushing holder 40 constrained against lateral movement by a flexible arrangement 42 , which provides suitable radial constraint, while accommodating a certain degree of off axis bending movement.
  • the flexible supporting arrangement 42 may, for example include a flexible disk pack spanning between the bushing holder 40 and a mounting structure 44 .
  • the mounting structure 44 has an arm 46 that is attached to the inner surface of the vessel wall 50 .
  • the bearing arrangement 20 illustrated in FIG. 4 is for the purposes of giving an example of a preferred embodiment. It will appreciated that other bushing arrangement, bushing support arrangements, and other mounting devices, including those not using flexible disks packs. It may also advantageously be employed in the present invention.
  • the present invention provides the ability to have a stub shaft having desirable wear properties.
  • the other portions of the impeller shaft 12 can be made of stainless steel, which is desirable due to the large loads that are placed on any portions of the impeller shaft 12 .
  • the arrangement of FIG. 1 provides the removable mounting of a stub shaft 18 which can be made of a wear resistant material which is a ceramic, for example silicone carbide.
  • the combination of shafts of different materials is desirable for example because silicone carbide in an elongated shaft subject to torsional forces can be undesirable due to its brittleness.
  • the stub shaft 18 can be subject to virtually minimal torsional forces, yet can serve primarily provide axial control to the lower end of the impeller shaft 12 .
  • a removable coupling 14 is mounted on to the lower end of the impeller shaft 12 .
  • This arrangement provides that the removable coupling 14 can be removed from the end of the impeller shaft 12 , so that impeller support hubs or other devices can be slid up onto the impeller shaft 12 over the lower end when the coupling 14 is removed.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a variation of the embodiment of FIG. 1 .
  • the support hub 16 has tapered sides, and thus has a tapered thickness along its axial length. This embodiment may be particularly suitable where a significant shaft diameter difference exists between the impeller shaft 12 and the stub shaft 18 .
  • the selection of a straight-sided support hub 16 as in FIG. 1, versus a tapered support hub 16 as in FIG. 2, will be determined by factors such as the difference in shaft diameter and the degree of bending forces present in the region of the support hub 16 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment where the impeller shaft 12 terminates at its lower end in a flange 60 .
  • the flange 60 provides for a convenient fastener connection to the flange 29 of the support hub 16 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a straight-sided support hub 16 .
  • a tapered sided support hub 16 can also be used with a impeller shaft 12 having a flange 60 .
  • FIG. 4 also illustrates that the bearing assembly 20 includes a support arm 62 connected to a mounting point 64 attached to the lower wall 50 of the vessel.
  • embodiments of the invention provide the connection of a stub shaft made of a wear-resistant material, onto the end of the lower end of the driven impeller shaft.
  • embodiments of the invention also provide an apparatus and method for connecting shafts to one another that are made of dissimilar materials. Moreover, the above-described arrangements can be conveniently installed and serviced.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates schematically a mixer assembly with which the shaft and bearing arrangement can be utilized.
  • the lower wall 50 is part of the vessel 52 that contains the material as being mixed.
  • a motor 54 rotationally drives the impeller shaft 12 to move impellers 56 through the material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US10/093,471 2002-03-11 2002-03-11 Apparatus and method for connecting shafts Expired - Lifetime US6789314B2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/093,471 US6789314B2 (en) 2002-03-11 2002-03-11 Apparatus and method for connecting shafts
AU2003218064A AU2003218064A1 (en) 2002-03-11 2003-03-11 Apparatus and method for connecting shafts
PCT/US2003/007297 WO2003078042A1 (fr) 2002-03-11 2003-03-11 Appareil et procede de couplage d'arbres

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/093,471 US6789314B2 (en) 2002-03-11 2002-03-11 Apparatus and method for connecting shafts

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US20030167635A1 US20030167635A1 (en) 2003-09-11
US6789314B2 true US6789314B2 (en) 2004-09-14

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AU (1) AU2003218064A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003078042A1 (fr)

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1554246A (fr) 1967-02-24 1969-01-17
US3580547A (en) * 1969-06-13 1971-05-25 Sybron Corp Package, liquid flushed, steady bearing assembly
US3877706A (en) * 1973-10-23 1975-04-15 Philadelphia Gear Corp Mechanical seal assembly for glass-lined mixer tanks
US4198373A (en) * 1978-11-03 1980-04-15 The Ceramic Coating Company Low profile drive for agitator shaft of chemical reactor vessel
US4722608A (en) * 1985-07-30 1988-02-02 General Signal Corp. Mixing apparatus
US4747722A (en) 1984-12-19 1988-05-31 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Metal-ceramic fitting assembly
US4988303A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-01-29 Thomas William K Adjustable agitator assembly
US5088832A (en) 1990-08-10 1992-02-18 General Signal Corporation Steady bearing apparatus for the free end of the impeller shaft of a mixer
US5152606A (en) * 1990-07-27 1992-10-06 General Signal Corporation Mixer impeller shaft attachment apparatus
US5585163A (en) 1992-12-03 1996-12-17 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Ceramic-metal composite assembly
US5779359A (en) * 1996-12-05 1998-07-14 General Signal Corporation Mixer having exposed clean-in-place bearing assemblies
US6435832B1 (en) * 2000-04-27 2002-08-20 Chemineer, Inc. Hub assembly
US6508977B2 (en) * 1997-06-26 2003-01-21 C. Edward Eckert Reinforced refractory shaft design for fluxing molten metal

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1554246A (fr) 1967-02-24 1969-01-17
US3580547A (en) * 1969-06-13 1971-05-25 Sybron Corp Package, liquid flushed, steady bearing assembly
US3877706A (en) * 1973-10-23 1975-04-15 Philadelphia Gear Corp Mechanical seal assembly for glass-lined mixer tanks
US4198373A (en) * 1978-11-03 1980-04-15 The Ceramic Coating Company Low profile drive for agitator shaft of chemical reactor vessel
US4747722A (en) 1984-12-19 1988-05-31 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Metal-ceramic fitting assembly
US4722608A (en) * 1985-07-30 1988-02-02 General Signal Corp. Mixing apparatus
US4988303A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-01-29 Thomas William K Adjustable agitator assembly
US5152606A (en) * 1990-07-27 1992-10-06 General Signal Corporation Mixer impeller shaft attachment apparatus
US5088832A (en) 1990-08-10 1992-02-18 General Signal Corporation Steady bearing apparatus for the free end of the impeller shaft of a mixer
US5585163A (en) 1992-12-03 1996-12-17 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Ceramic-metal composite assembly
US5779359A (en) * 1996-12-05 1998-07-14 General Signal Corporation Mixer having exposed clean-in-place bearing assemblies
US6508977B2 (en) * 1997-06-26 2003-01-21 C. Edward Eckert Reinforced refractory shaft design for fluxing molten metal
US6435832B1 (en) * 2000-04-27 2002-08-20 Chemineer, Inc. Hub assembly

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Publication number Publication date
AU2003218064A1 (en) 2003-09-29
US20030167635A1 (en) 2003-09-11
WO2003078042A1 (fr) 2003-09-25

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