US6604813B2 - Low debris fluid jetting system - Google Patents

Low debris fluid jetting system Download PDF

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Publication number
US6604813B2
US6604813B2 US09/900,659 US90065901A US6604813B2 US 6604813 B2 US6604813 B2 US 6604813B2 US 90065901 A US90065901 A US 90065901A US 6604813 B2 US6604813 B2 US 6604813B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
orifice
bulge
air
slope
print head
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Expired - Lifetime
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US09/900,659
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English (en)
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US20030016267A1 (en
Inventor
Ronald L. Green
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Illinois Tool Works Inc
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Illinois Tool Works Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Illinois Tool Works Inc filed Critical Illinois Tool Works Inc
Priority to US09/900,659 priority Critical patent/US6604813B2/en
Assigned to ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC. reassignment ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GREEN, RONALD L.
Priority to IL15028002A priority patent/IL150280A/xx
Priority to DE60206566T priority patent/DE60206566T2/de
Priority to EP02013370A priority patent/EP1273449B1/en
Priority to CA002392185A priority patent/CA2392185C/en
Priority to JP2002197137A priority patent/JP4213419B2/ja
Priority to AU2002300009A priority patent/AU2002300009B2/en
Publication of US20030016267A1 publication Critical patent/US20030016267A1/en
Publication of US6604813B2 publication Critical patent/US6604813B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/165—Prevention or detection of nozzle clogging, e.g. cleaning, capping or moistening for nozzles
    • B41J2/16517—Cleaning of print head nozzles
    • B41J2/16552—Cleaning of print head nozzles using cleaning fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to fluid jetting systems and more particularly to constructions of jet heads that are easier to keep free of dust and other debris.
  • An example of a fluid jet head in accordance with the invention is the print head of an ink jet printer.
  • Ink jet printers produce images on a substrate by ejecting ink drops unto the substrate in order to generate characters or images.
  • Certain ink jet printers are of the “continuous” type where drops are ink of continuously jetted through an orifice of a print head in a charged state. The charged droplets of ink are then electrostatically directed onto the substrate when printing is desired and into a gutter when printing is not required.
  • Another type of an ink jet printer is “on demand” type ink jet printer. Drops of ink are selectively jetted through an orifice of a print head when printing is desired and not jetted when no printing is desired.
  • An ink storage chamber is commonly connected, via an ink flow passageway, to the print head, to provide a constant flow of ink to the head of the printer.
  • Proper ink jetting generally involves capillary action between the ink and passageways in the ink jet head to position ink at the proper location in the head for proper jetting and drop formation.
  • high pressure outside the print head can undesirably force ink back into the head, whereas low pressure outside the print head can undesirable draw ink out of the head.
  • Build-up of material in the ink passageway can affect surface tension interactions and disrupt proper operation.
  • ink can undesirably soak into the debris and undesirably accumulate and cause additional debris to be trapped at the orifice. This can alter the surface wetting properties at the orifice and inhibit proper ink droplet formation. Under extreme conditions, the build-up of debris can clog the orifice and prevent printing or lead to interrupted printing and/or streaking.
  • an improved fluid jet device and method of keeping a fluid jet head clean are provided.
  • the face of the fluid jet head includes one or more orifices, through which fluid is jetted.
  • the orifices are formed through convex ridges at the surface of head.
  • the slope of the ridge from the orifice to the face is either generally constant or increasing, to provide the convex shaped ridge.
  • air is blown over the ridge and over the orifice, to keep dust and debris away from the orifice.
  • the flow of air, the shape of the ridge and the proximity of material on which printing occurs can be constructed and arranged to provide laminar flow of air or other gas over the orifice.
  • the downstream side of the ridge from the orifice can have a shallower slope than the upstream side.
  • a vacuum port can be provided on the downstream side.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a fluid jetting systems in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion 2 of the system of FIG. 1, showing a fluid jet head in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, not necessarily drawn to scale;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the head of FIG. 2, taken along line 3 — 3 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along line 3 — 3 of a head of FIG. 2 in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an ink jet head orifice plate in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged side end view of region 8 of the print head structure of FIG. 7 .
  • a fluid jetting system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown generally as printing system 100 in FIG. 1 .
  • Printing system 100 includes a printer 110 , comprising an ink reservoir 120 coupled to an ink tank 125 .
  • Ink flows to an ink feed line 130 to a print head 150 for jetting onto a piece of mail 170 traveling in the direction of an arrow A.
  • the mail is traveling at a rate of 30 inches/sec.
  • system 100 can be used to print on various different types of substrates traveling at various different speeds.
  • piece of mail 170 travels towards print head 150 , it is guided into position by a face plate 180 and a paper guard 190 .
  • paper guard 190 is 0.010 inches thick. Typical face guards are generally 0.003 to 0.20 inches thick.
  • Paper guard 190 includes an air relief slot 195 , which is also cut into face plate 180 .
  • Air relief slot 195 is provided to help ensure that 1) air pressure locally around the orifices holes does not differ significantly from atmospheric pressure, 2) solvent vapors from the ink cannot build up around the printhead and cause wetting issues with the front surface of the orifice plate, 3) paper dust fibers are not trapped on any pockets on the face plate, 4) the mailpiece can draft more air immediately adjacent to the plate and better maintain the laminar airflow across the plate, 5) any local pressure build-ups from conditions such as a long mailpiece or a machine stoppage with the air left on are presented, 6) clearance so that the wet ink of the label material does not get smeared by rubbing, 7) a mechanical relief for convex mail pieces or mail pieces with a folded or damaged leading edge mail that would otherwise be pushed out by the face plate after the printhead (if it was there) causing a greater printgap around the printhead and adversely affecting the print quality is provided, 8) mechanical relief for a curled up or loose label is provided, and 9) label adhesive
  • the orifice has an ID of about 0.002 inches.
  • the orifice openings are advantageously coated with a material that will repel ink, such as various silicone surface treatment agents, so as to promote proper drop formation and prevent ink from accumulating at the outer surface of the orifice plate.
  • Acceptable examples include 0.0002-0.0005 inches thick coatings of Nedox SF-2 process, General Magneplate Corp.
  • Print head 200 also includes the plurality of spacers 210 .
  • the spacers can provide the function of 1) mechanically isolating the printhead orifice plate from the shock and vibration of mail hitting the paper guards. If unchecked, this could create ink meniscus disruption and subsequent depriming inside the orifices holes during the jetting and recovery cycles of the printing cycle, 2) thermal insolation from heating due to the friction of the mail rubbing on the paper guards and belts rubbing on the face plate, also thermal isolation from the face plate drawing heat from the printhead through conduction (the printheads are commonly temperature controlled, typically within 2° C.
  • FIG. 3 shows orifice plate 200 having a plurality of orifices 220 therein.
  • Orifice plate 200 includes a base region 250 , an upstream slope 251 , an orifice region 252 at the top of a ridge, substantially normal to orifice 220 and a downstream slope 253 .
  • upstream refers to the side of orifice plate 200 facing the source of the air and downstream refers to the side away from the source of the air.
  • base area 250 deflects outwards (upwards) to upstream slope 251 at a transition region 254 a. It was determined to be advantageous to prevent dead areas, eddies, back currents and areas of turbulence from forming, as these can become places where dust and fibers can become trapped.
  • transition region 254 a and/or the angle of upstream slope 251 be gradual.
  • the surface of orifice plate 200 is directed in a gradual declining angle ⁇ u on the upstream side of orifice 220 , from a plane normal to orifice 220 and at a gradual declining angle ⁇ d on the downstream side of orifice 220 .
  • the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4 has a substantially uniform upstream and downstream slope ⁇ u ⁇ d .
  • ⁇ u and ⁇ d should be less than about 45°, preferably about 30 to 5°.
  • upstream slope 251 should form an acute angle with orifice region 252 of ⁇ u less than about 45°, preferably about 30° to 5° more preferably 20° to 10°.
  • ⁇ u is about 15° and the corner at transition region 254 b is smooth.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a drop of ink 310 being ejected from orifice 220 onto mail piece 170 , which travels in the direction of arrow A, with paper guard 190 and spacer 210 separating mail piece 170 from orifice 220 to a predefined distance. It should be noted that as the distance between mail piece 170 and orifice 220 decreases, printing precision and quality can be increased. Preferred printing gaps are 0.005 inches or less, more preferably less than 0.003 or 0.002 inches.
  • Print head 150 is also provided with an air manifold 350 for providing positive air flow in the direction of arrows B. Air flows through air manifold 350 to an air balancing manifold 351 to a vaneless air feed slot 352 . Air feed slot 352 is preferably along the entire row of orifices 220 . After exiting vaneless air feed slot 352 , air blows over orifice region 252 of plate 200 and can blow a plurality of dust and debris particles 370 away from orifice opening 220 .
  • FIG. 4 a printing system in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention is shown for ejecting a drop of ink 310 onto a mail piece 170 traveling in a direction of arrow A past paper guard 190 and spacer 210 , as in FIG. 3 .
  • Air manifold 350 is also present to blow air over orifice 220 , as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 .
  • a vacuum manifold 360 is provided to suck air dust and ink particles 360 into a vaneless vacuum slot 362 , to be disposed of.
  • An orifice plate 200 ′ is shown with a lower upstream transition region 254 a ′, an upstream slope 251 ′, an upper upstream transition region 254 b ′, an orifice region 252 ′, an upper downstream transition region 254 c ′ and a lower downstream transition region 254 d .
  • Transition regions 254 a ′ and 254 b ′ as well as upstream slope 251 ′ can be similar to elements 254 a , 254 b and 251 of FIG. 3 . It can also be seen that in this embodiment of the invention, the angle at transition regions 254 a ′ and 254 d ′ as well as at transition regions 254 b ′ and 254 c ′ are substantially equal.
  • the gauge pressure blowing air through pressure manifold 350 can be adjusted as desired, and is advantageously up to about 50 psi. Pressures in the range of about 1 psi to about 30 psi, more preferably about 3 psi to about 20 psi are preferred. Vacuum manifold 360 can be operated with various levels of vacuum, depending on the structure and configuration of the system and the specific application. Generally, vacuums less than about 29.9 inches of Hg should be used, preferably less than 25 inches Hg, advantageously in the range of about 1 inch to about 20 inches Hg.
  • spacers 210 can be positioned to extend closer to the print head than a boundary bordered by a plane normal to orifice 220 .
  • a bottom surface 210 a of spacer 210 extends below orifice regions 220 and 220 ′.
  • the manifolds 350 and 360 can be entirely on the print head side of this plane. Therefore, orifice 220 can be closer to the print substrate than the air vents and pressure manifolds.
  • a print head orifice plate 500 is shown, drawn to scale, having a plurality of orifices 520 , an upstream slope 551 and a downstream slope 552 is shown.
  • Upstream slope 551 forms an angle of about 10° with an orifice region 552 .
  • Downstream slope 553 forms an angle of about 15° with orifice region 552 .
  • a print head in accordance with the invention having an outer surface with a portion sloping downwards from the orifice, at an angle to an air vent can be constructed to permit air to flow across the orifice plate without the use of vanes or entrance or exit edges. This helps prevent eddy currents and dead air zones from occurring.
  • Printing systems can also be constructed to prevent turbulent air flow from occurring in the area of the printing orifices. Vanes, corners, sharp edges, eddy currents, dead air zone and turbulence can all lead to the build up of dust and fibers. Designs in accordance with the invention can position the entire positive air manifold below the surface of the orifice, flush with the orifice plate surface. This leads to smaller printing gaps and adequate separation of the print head and substrate to be printed.
  • constructions in accordance with the invention can clean the fluid jetting surface that are not directly in front of the air passages. This provides for cleaning blind surfaces.
  • the air manifolds are advantageously constructed as a relatively thick section, which can improve durability over thin sheet metal constructions. Constructions in accordance with the invention can also be provided in which the screws which connect the various portions of the print head can remain exposed. This facilitates construction and maintenance.
  • Providing the print head surface with a gradually sloping downstream side can permit laminar flow from the pressure manifold without the use of a vacuum port. This decreases the possibility of creating pressure fluctuations that can lead to undesirable results, such as deprimeing the fluid jets by forcing air into orifice holes.
  • an anti-wetting coating such as various silicone based wetting coatings such as pure silicone lubricant, silicone grease, commercial fabric silicone based water repellant spray and so forth are applied to the print head surface and/or the orifice surface.
  • the flow of air over the orifice also increases evaporation rates, such that ink or solvent traces can evaporate more fully, reducing any trend for ink to wet and creep along the surface of the print head.
  • Print heads in accordance with the invention can continue printing in dusty environments for extended time periods, such as printing sessions in which 100,000 or more envelopes are printed.
  • Constructions in accordance with the invention have additional advantages, in that the flush, forward position of the pressure manifold is protected from being struck by “fat” pieces of mail or other printing surfaces, leading to a design that is more durable than a constructions in which raised thin sheet metal manifolds and tins are used.
  • Print heads in accordance with the invention can be used to mark checks, mail and other high speeds operations without printing degrading from the accumulation of dust and/or paper fibers.
  • the shape of the bulge can be roughly approximated by the top surface of an airfoil.
  • the separation point for a laminar flow can be predicted using the Faulkner-Skan theoretical equation and a numerical solution, pages 139-151 of Aerodynamics For Engineers, Bertin and Smith, 1979, Prentice Hall, incorporated by reference. Because of the close proximity of the mail piece, the airfoil approximation might only be valid during the absence of a mailpiece. When a mailpiece is present, the flow field changes (as measured experimentally) and the use of a similar airfoil section is not necessarily valid because the separation data was derived using an infinite sized flow field.
  • airflow velocity (V) will be laminar and will substantially equal h 2 ⁇ p/12 ⁇ L, where h is equal to the height of the air slot, L is its length, ⁇ is the viscosity of air and ⁇ p is the pressure differential causing the airflow.
  • the air flow is about 4.5 m/s at its peak at the end of the orifice plate in open air.
  • air velocity With the reduction of air velocity to about 1 m/s when a stationary envelope is present, and the knowledge that the envelope typically moves at 3 m/s, it would appear that an airflow is present across the face of the printhead of around 3-4 m/s.
  • the use of the two radii and sloped surfaces would create a local radial airflow with would tend to force the air flow to make a 25-30° bend around surface with approximately 0.231 in R.
  • the radial acceleration forces would exert a g force on a dust particle of about 278 g's if the dust particle was caught in that air stream.
  • the bulge 1) should be large enough and gentle enough in slope change to not let the air flow separate from ‘going around the bend’, 2) should be sharp enough to have a significant radial acceleration component to throw the dust and debris away from the printhead, 3) the airflow speed should substantially match the substrate transport speed reasonably well (this was found useful to keep the tails of the ink drops from separating from the head drops to maintain reasonable print quality, 4) the air flow manifold exit would need to be reasonably close to the edge of the bend to not affect (through viscous forces between the orifice plate and the air) the speed and inertia of the air before it makes the bend around the bulge.

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  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
US09/900,659 2001-07-06 2001-07-06 Low debris fluid jetting system Expired - Lifetime US6604813B2 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/900,659 US6604813B2 (en) 2001-07-06 2001-07-06 Low debris fluid jetting system
IL15028002A IL150280A (en) 2001-07-06 2002-06-18 Fluid jetting head and printing system and method for use therewith
DE60206566T DE60206566T2 (de) 2001-07-06 2002-06-19 Flüssigkeitsausstoßsystem mit wenig Verunreinigungen
EP02013370A EP1273449B1 (en) 2001-07-06 2002-06-19 Low debris fluid jetting system
CA002392185A CA2392185C (en) 2001-07-06 2002-07-03 Low debris fluid jetting system
JP2002197137A JP4213419B2 (ja) 2001-07-06 2002-07-05 残渣低減式流体噴射装置
AU2002300009A AU2002300009B2 (en) 2001-07-06 2002-07-05 Low debris fluid jetting system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/900,659 US6604813B2 (en) 2001-07-06 2001-07-06 Low debris fluid jetting system

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US20030016267A1 US20030016267A1 (en) 2003-01-23
US6604813B2 true US6604813B2 (en) 2003-08-12

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US09/900,659 Expired - Lifetime US6604813B2 (en) 2001-07-06 2001-07-06 Low debris fluid jetting system

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US (1) US6604813B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP1273449B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP4213419B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU2002300009B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2392185C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE60206566T2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IL (1) IL150280A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

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WO2004079525A3 (en) * 2003-03-03 2004-11-18 Computer Ass Think Inc System and method for single transparent deployment flow
US7118189B2 (en) 2004-05-28 2006-10-10 Videojet Technologies Inc. Autopurge printing system
US20090002468A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-01 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus and head unit
US20100071212A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2010-03-25 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Ink jet recording head and method of manufacturing the same
US8573733B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2013-11-05 Xerox Corporation Protective device for inkjet printheads
US10124597B2 (en) 2016-05-09 2018-11-13 R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company System and method for supplying ink to an inkjet printhead
US10137691B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2018-11-27 R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company Printhead maintenance station and method of operating same

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US7520588B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2009-04-21 Xerox Corp Apparatus for reducing ink jet contamination
US7918530B2 (en) * 2006-02-03 2011-04-05 Rr Donnelley Apparatus and method for cleaning an inkjet printhead
US7458677B2 (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-12-02 Eastman Kodak Company Reduction of turbulence within printing region of inkjet printer heads
US7571996B2 (en) * 2006-08-10 2009-08-11 Xerox Corporation Apparatus for reducing particulate in an ink jet printer
CN104169095B (zh) 2012-03-30 2017-07-07 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 在成像装置中再循环和过滤空气以形成空气屏障
US8888208B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2014-11-18 R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company System and method for removing air from an inkjet cartridge and an ink supply line
US12187035B2 (en) * 2023-01-12 2025-01-07 Kishu Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd. Inkjet printer

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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004079525A3 (en) * 2003-03-03 2004-11-18 Computer Ass Think Inc System and method for single transparent deployment flow
US7118189B2 (en) 2004-05-28 2006-10-10 Videojet Technologies Inc. Autopurge printing system
US20100071212A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2010-03-25 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Ink jet recording head and method of manufacturing the same
US8726509B2 (en) * 2004-09-13 2014-05-20 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing an ink jet recording head of laminate structure
US20090002468A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-01 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus and head unit
US8123333B2 (en) * 2007-06-29 2012-02-28 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus and head unit
US8573733B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2013-11-05 Xerox Corporation Protective device for inkjet printheads
US10137691B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2018-11-27 R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company Printhead maintenance station and method of operating same
US10124597B2 (en) 2016-05-09 2018-11-13 R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company System and method for supplying ink to an inkjet printhead

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Publication number Publication date
JP4213419B2 (ja) 2009-01-21
JP2003025592A (ja) 2003-01-29
CA2392185C (en) 2006-12-12
DE60206566D1 (de) 2005-11-17
CA2392185A1 (en) 2003-01-06
IL150280A0 (en) 2002-12-01
US20030016267A1 (en) 2003-01-23
EP1273449A2 (en) 2003-01-08
EP1273449A3 (en) 2003-08-13
DE60206566T2 (de) 2006-05-11
AU2002300009B2 (en) 2004-10-07
IL150280A (en) 2005-06-19
EP1273449B1 (en) 2005-10-12

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