US636304A - Apparatus for effecting silent electrical discharges. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Nov. 7, 899;

` A. vosMAEB. .A APPARATUS F03 EFFETINGA SILENT ELECTBICAL; DISGHARGES..

{'No Model.)

ALEXANDER vosnssn, or' HAARLEM, NETHERLANDS.

APPARATUS FR EFFEC-i'lll' SILENT EliCl'RlCAL DlSCHAFlGiS.

-SPECXFICAV'I'IG'( rforming part of Lettere yatemt No. 886,304, dated November 7, 1899.=

` Application filed March 30, i398. Serlsl lo. @75,67% (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, ALEXANDER Vosmssit, )e subject of the Queen of the Netherlends, residing;A at Hasrl'em, in the Kingdom of the 45 Netherlands, have invented certain newnnd' useful Improvements in Apparatus for E ecting Silent Discharges, cf which the following is a. specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for cfecting silent electric discharges.

ln the various technical application of silent electrical discharges obtained by ineens of an electric current of high. tension and of low intensity, notably in electrochemical procceses-such, for instance, es the moleculer deccmition of gases and vapors--it hes hithorto been usual to employ either e dielectric or a high resistance in order to avoid the formation of sparks or voltaic arcs. The reason of such complications was that dischargers fitted with points against points, which is the simplest form of apparatus for effecting silentu discharges, always caused very greet difficulties. The shape of the dischargers z5 (points against points) resulted in producing a ow spreading largely in the middle of the polar distance. One was therefore compelled to increase the distance between the points of same polari ty of such anapparatns in order to ayoid their reciprocal disturbance. On the other' hand the pointed shape of the dis- 4 chsrgers favored the production of sparks or volteic arcs and the polar distance had to be increased or the tension kept lower, andssa, result the economic eiiiciency was reduced.

. Now my invention has for its object to fa,- cilitate 'the flow of electricity to the seme degree with the apparatuses fitted with points against points, but has et the same time the special and novel purpose of reducing the polar distance to a minimum, the resistance di- Y minishing therewith and allowing the use of a v ery high tension current, thus reducing to a minimum the risks of s nrltin" or of ro' `4,5` duction of voltnic arcs..

5e. rctus, with one or more even plates forume ng the secoudpcie and nrrcnged against seid lectric.

ln the annexed drawings, Figures l and 2 represent, conventionally, vertical and horizcntal sections of en apparatus constructed according to my invention. Fig. 23L shows e section and side View of the knife-edge discharger. Figs. 3 and 4, show the diiforeuce existing between the spreading of the liow obtained with my improved apparatus and that obtained with en apparatus iitted with points working against point-s.v Fig. 5 is n modification of the knifeedged dischargers shown in. Figs. l and 2; nud Fig. 6 is a proposed plnn of connection which oiersngreatadvantage, as hereinafter explained, when using very high tension transformers.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 of 'the annexed drawings, the knife-edged dischargers a a ef- 'fect the flow of electricity against the plates b b. All the blades of the knife-edged dis-A 'chargers sre connected in parallel with one pole of a transformer and all the plates b in the seme manner with the other pole. The air to be ozonized, for instance, enters from one side e, escaping on the other side s. The dischargers and the plates are of steel, copper, brass,nlun1inium,or any other suitable metal. lt must be noted that this apparatus can be applied to high-tension continuous currents es well as to alternating currents of any frequency and to Hertz currents. In this letter esse the spparatus is furnished with s Leyden jar in shunt and an air-gap in series. it is obvious that with this arrangement care must betnken to provide harmony between the capacity, self-induction, frequency, &c.

As shown by Figs. 3 and l of the annexed drawings, the spreading of the flow does not telic place in my invention between two stems presenting the maximum of diversion in the middle of the polar distance. It presente, ou the contrary, 'the maxim-um of direi-sion at the bese agulnst the even plate/b. Fig. l. it is obvious tiret in this condition the pois-r distance between the plate b and the knife-edged dischargers a may be less in snicuut than tiret which inust exist between the pointe g, Fig. 3. The idle splice is condischsrgers without the inter-position of a diesequently reduced to n minlninm, the re'sist-a snee is considerably lou-er, and the economic'.

2 eeeeee eciency increased Without fear of sparking, es is the cese with the old form o apparatus.

Although the dischargers hereinbeiore referred to are specied se beingin the shape of knife-edged blades, itwill be obvious that the seme results may be oliteineolv with dischargers formed with at number of points srranged close to each other in e suitable support h, as shown by 5. in. this case the How of electricity is familitete by the pointed and toothed edge of the discharge-r, which works advantageously against the plate.`

` As herein before explained, my improved apparatus has .for its special object to reduce the risks of sparking or of production of voltaic arcs. Although this result is completely obtained. by my invention, above described, it is advisable when using very high tensiontransformers to provide Athe apparatus with e, condenser R in shunt, as illustrated by Fig.

6, seid condenser 'destroying the self-induction of the transformer and ooperating etli ceciously to avoid the production of volteic electrical connections for thedischargeranplate'.

In testimony whereof I Ahave signed this specification in the ing witnesses.

ALEXANDER VOSMAER. Witnesses: v

Nrxoms Comms Eminem vmmm, Amrum Bmrnotonmus Kanar.

presence of two subscrib- 35

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