US6339647B1 - Hearing aid with beam forming properties - Google Patents

Hearing aid with beam forming properties Download PDF

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Publication number
US6339647B1
US6339647B1 US09/763,692 US76369201A US6339647B1 US 6339647 B1 US6339647 B1 US 6339647B1 US 76369201 A US76369201 A US 76369201A US 6339647 B1 US6339647 B1 US 6339647B1
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hearing aid
digital
accordance
sigma
delta
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US09/763,692
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Henning Hougaard Andersen
Carl Ludvigsen
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Topholm and Westermann ApS
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Topholm and Westermann ApS
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Assigned to TOPHOLM & WESTERMANN APS reassignment TOPHOLM & WESTERMANN APS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ANDERSEN, HENNING H., LUDVIGSEN, CARL
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/40—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
    • H04R25/407—Circuits for combining signals of a plurality of transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/50—Customised settings for obtaining desired overall acoustical characteristics
    • H04R25/505—Customised settings for obtaining desired overall acoustical characteristics using digital signal processing

Definitions

  • a method and apparatus for beam forming of the microphone characteristic has been disclosed, by which a pre-determined characteristic of amplification in dependency of the direction from which acoustical signals are received at two spaced apart microphones is formed in that repetitevely a mutual delay signal is determined from the output signals of the microphones and according to the reception delay of the microphones, one of the output signals is filtered, thereby the filtering transfer characteristic is controlled in dependency of the mutual delay signal.
  • the output signal of the filtering is exploited as electrical reception signal.
  • the time delay or phase lag between the two output signals of the two microphones is used for a beam forming operation.
  • the single samples are taken with a time difference equally divided by the sampling frequency, f.i. normally 32 usec.
  • the desired delay between two or more microphone signals are typically less than 32 usec, e.g. 15 usec.
  • a way to obtain a delay which is less than one sample is to have the DSP interpolate signal values between two samples with a certain delay and use those delayed sample values in the further processing. But this requires many calculations and takes up valuable space and power in the DSP.
  • the signal will be somewhat distorted as the delyed samples are not “true” samples.
  • a hearing aid a great number of various directional orientations of hearing aids could actively and controllably be realized.
  • a new hearing aid with beam forming properties has been developed, which has at least two microphone channels for at least two microphones, said microphone channels containing each an analog to digital converter, and having at least one programmable or programmed digital signal processor, as well as a digital to anlalog converter, at least one receiver and a battery for power supply.
  • This new hearing aid contains in each of said microphone channels a sigma-delta-type analog to digital converter including a digital low pass filter and decimator filter for converting a 1 bit stream of a high clock frequency into a digital word sequence of a lower clock frequency, whereby at least one of said at least two microphone channels contains a controllable delay device connected to the input side of the respective digital low pass filter and decimator filter of said channel, said delay device being controllable by said at least one digital signal processor.
  • a delay device a programmable or program controlled tapped shift register for realizing various different delays of the bit stream signals before their entering the respective digital low pass filter and decimator.
  • a clock frequency for the sigma delta ADC in the range of 1 MHz or even higher and a clock frequency in the area of 10 to 50 kHz for the digital low pass filter and decimator filter.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a number of polar diagrams of variations of beam directions which could be realized by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically the general structure of a sigma-delta analog to digital converter (ADC);
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 4, 5 , 6 and 7 schow schematically further embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates four different directional patterns in polar diagrams.
  • FIG. 1 a represents the hypercardioid system which has a very desirable directional effect.
  • 1 b is the bidirectional. System which has no delay for any of the two microphones and therefore attenuates all sounds coming directly from the sides (90 degrees and 270 degrees) as the two microphones level out each other.
  • 1 c is the cardioid which must have a delay in the front microphone equal to the longitudinal delay between the inlet ports of the two microphones.
  • 1 d is the omnidirectional or spherical system, which is simply a single microphone (the other microphone is switched off), or the two microphone signals are added and not subtracted from each other.
  • FIG. 2 shows a well known type of a first order sigma-delta digital to analog converter comprising basically a summing circuit, an integrator, a comparator stage (1 bit ADC) and a digital low pass filter 4 and a decimator filter.
  • the comparator stage is controlled by a high frequency clock generator supplying clock pulses in the aerea of 1 MHz or higher.
  • the output of the integrator is connected also to a 1 bit DAC, the output of which is connected to a second input of the summing circuit.
  • the digital low pass filter and decimator filter operates at a clock frequency of f.i. 32 kHz and converts the 1 bit stream of a clock frequency of about 1 MHz into a sequence of data words at the lower frequency, f.i. 16 or 32 kHz. These data words could e.g. be 20 bit wide. These data words are then, normally, applied to a programmable or program controlled digital signal processor.
  • FIG. 3 shows, schematically, a first example of the inventive conceptual design.
  • Two microphone channels 1 a and 1 b comprise microphones 2 a and 2 b and sigma-delta analog to digital converters 3 a , 3 b including digital low pass filters and decimator filters 4 a and 4 b for supplying data words to a programmable or program controlled digital signal processor 5 .
  • a controllable delay device 6 is included.
  • This delay device is typically a multiple tap shift register and the control signal coming from the DSP 5 will decide how many 1 bit stages each sample of the bit stream will go through (and thus be delayed by) before they are tapped and sent furtheron in the system, in this case to the digital low pass filter and decimator 4 .
  • the resulting delay is equal to the number of stages times the inverse sampling rate, f.i. 1 MHz.
  • the time resolution can be 30-40 times higher than would be possible inside the DSP using its clock as a basis for delays.
  • this setup can only handle beam forming from the front or from the back but not both.
  • the controllable delay would be controlled by the DSP so that the DSP direct the beam in the desired directions.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention. All parts and components which are the same as in FIG. 3 are designated with the same reference numerals and need not to be described again. This holds true for all other FIGS. as well so that only the differences will be explained in detail.
  • both microphone channels 1 a and 1 b contain each a controllable delay device 6 a , 6 b . They can, of course, be controlled independently and separately. Although two delay devices are included,only one of the two may be controlled whereas the other is switched off.
  • the output signals of the digital low pass filter and decimator filters 4 a and 4 b are combined in a summing circuit 7 and passed on to the DSP.
  • FIG. 5 which in almost all respects is similar to FIG. 4, the output signal of the lower one of the two microphone channels 1 b is now connected to a first input of a multiplier stage 8 , the second input of which receives a controlling input from the DSP.
  • the output of the multiplier stage 8 is applied to the second input of the summing circuit 7 , which feeds into the DSP.
  • the multiplier 8 is added after the digital low pass filter and decimator filter for one microphone or for both.
  • the DSP then can multiply the samples with factors between ⁇ 1 and +1.
  • FIG. 6 shows the extension from two microphone channels to multiple microphone channels.
  • controllable delay devices may be arranged in one channel, in two channels or in all channels.
  • the output signals of all channels are combined in a combination circuit 9 , the output signals of which are applied to the DSP. This combination could be effected with different factors between ⁇ 1 to +1, if convenient.
  • FIG. 7 finally, shows another variation of the inventive circuit in which at least one of the microphone channels has not only one delay device and one digital low pass filter and decimator filter but two of those in parallel. It is also conceivable to have these parallel arrangements in one or more channels, even in all of them.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
US09/763,692 1999-02-05 1999-02-05 Hearing aid with beam forming properties Expired - Lifetime US6339647B1 (en)

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PCT/EP1999/000767 WO2000047015A1 (en) 1999-02-05 1999-02-05 Hearing aid with beam forming properties

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US (1) US6339647B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1097607B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4468588B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE237917T1 (de)
AU (1) AU753295B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2341255C (de)
DE (1) DE69906979T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1097607T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2000047015A1 (de)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003026348A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-03-27 Microsound A/S Hearing aid with performance-optimized power consumption for variable clock, supply voltage and dsp processing parameters
US20030147538A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-07 Mh Acoustics, Llc, A Delaware Corporation Reducing noise in audio systems
GB2386280A (en) * 2002-03-07 2003-09-10 Zarlink Semiconductor Inc Digital microphone with sigma-delta ADC
US20030223592A1 (en) * 2002-04-10 2003-12-04 Michael Deruginsky Microphone assembly with auxiliary analog input
US6704422B1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2004-03-09 Widex A/S Method for controlling the directionality of the sound receiving characteristic of a hearing aid a hearing aid for carrying out the method
US20040057591A1 (en) * 2002-06-26 2004-03-25 Frank Beck Directional hearing given binaural hearing aid coverage
US6717537B1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2004-04-06 Sonic Innovations, Inc. Method and apparatus for minimizing latency in digital signal processing systems
US20040189499A1 (en) * 2003-03-28 2004-09-30 Ho-San Han Sigma delta beamformer and method with reduced artifact
US20070014419A1 (en) * 2003-12-01 2007-01-18 Dynamic Hearing Pty Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing adaptive directional signals
EP1499160A3 (de) * 2003-07-16 2007-10-03 Siemens Audiologische Technik GmbH Richthörhilfegerät
US20080260175A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2008-10-23 Mh Acoustics, Llc Dual-Microphone Spatial Noise Suppression
US20090175466A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2009-07-09 Mh Acoustics, Llc Noise-reducing directional microphone array
US20090309773A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Mostafa Ronaghi Semiconductor sensor circuit arrangement
US20110144779A1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2011-06-16 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Data processing for a wearable apparatus
US20120128182A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-24 Fortemedia, Inc. Analog-to-Digital Converter and Analog-to-Digital Conversion Method
US20120128181A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-24 Fortemedia, Inc. Analog-to-Digital Converter, Sound Processing Device, and Method for Analog-to-Digital Conversion
CN102480295A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-30 美商富迪科技股份有限公司 模拟至数字转换器及模拟至数字转换方法
US20160217805A1 (en) * 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Acer Incorporated Voice signal processing apparatus and voice signal processing method
US20170134867A1 (en) * 2014-07-24 2017-05-11 Socionext Inc. Signal processing device and signal processing method
US11696083B2 (en) 2020-10-21 2023-07-04 Mh Acoustics, Llc In-situ calibration of microphone arrays

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1021485C2 (nl) 2002-09-18 2004-03-22 Stichting Tech Wetenschapp Hoorbril-samenstel.
EP2036396B1 (de) * 2006-06-23 2009-12-02 GN ReSound A/S Hörinstrument mit adaptiver richtsignalverarbeitung
US7365669B1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-04-29 Cirrus Logic, Inc. Low-delay signal processing based on highly oversampled digital processing
JP2011512768A (ja) * 2008-02-20 2011-04-21 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ オーディオ装置及びその動作方法
EP2360943B1 (de) 2009-12-29 2013-04-17 GN Resound A/S Strahlformung in Hörgeräten
CN107040831A (zh) * 2016-02-04 2017-08-11 北京卓锐微技术有限公司 一种有延迟功能的麦克风

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US5305004A (en) 1992-09-29 1994-04-19 Texas Instruments Incorporated Digital to analog converter for sigma delta modulator
WO1996016482A1 (en) 1994-11-22 1996-05-30 Analog Devices, Inc. Variable sample rate adc
DE4441996A1 (de) 1994-11-26 1996-05-30 Toepholm & Westermann Hörhilfsgerät
US5946402A (en) * 1996-04-30 1999-08-31 Sony Corporation Signal processing device for processing sound quality, and recording apparatus, reproducing apparatus and mixing apparatus provided with the signal processing device applied thereto
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EP0820210A2 (de) * 1997-08-20 1998-01-21 Phonak Ag Verfahren zur elektronischen Strahlformung von akustischen Signalen und akustisches Sensorgerät

Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6704422B1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2004-03-09 Widex A/S Method for controlling the directionality of the sound receiving characteristic of a hearing aid a hearing aid for carrying out the method
US6717537B1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2004-04-06 Sonic Innovations, Inc. Method and apparatus for minimizing latency in digital signal processing systems
WO2003026348A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-03-27 Microsound A/S Hearing aid with performance-optimized power consumption for variable clock, supply voltage and dsp processing parameters
US7315626B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2008-01-01 Microsound A/S Hearing aid with performance-optimized power consumption for variable clock, supply voltage and DSP processing parameters
US20040247148A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2004-12-09 Pedersen Soren Louis Hearing aid with performance-optimized powder consumption for variable clock, supply voltage and dsp processing parameters
US20090175466A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2009-07-09 Mh Acoustics, Llc Noise-reducing directional microphone array
US8098844B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2012-01-17 Mh Acoustics, Llc Dual-microphone spatial noise suppression
US20030147538A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-07 Mh Acoustics, Llc, A Delaware Corporation Reducing noise in audio systems
US10117019B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2018-10-30 Mh Acoustics Llc Noise-reducing directional microphone array
US9301049B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2016-03-29 Mh Acoustics Llc Noise-reducing directional microphone array
US20080260175A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2008-10-23 Mh Acoustics, Llc Dual-Microphone Spatial Noise Suppression
US8942387B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2015-01-27 Mh Acoustics Llc Noise-reducing directional microphone array
US7171008B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2007-01-30 Mh Acoustics, Llc Reducing noise in audio systems
GB2386280A (en) * 2002-03-07 2003-09-10 Zarlink Semiconductor Inc Digital microphone with sigma-delta ADC
GB2386280B (en) * 2002-03-07 2005-09-14 Zarlink Semiconductor Inc Digital microphone
US20030235315A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2003-12-25 Gord Reesor Digital microphone
US20030223592A1 (en) * 2002-04-10 2003-12-04 Michael Deruginsky Microphone assembly with auxiliary analog input
US20040057591A1 (en) * 2002-06-26 2004-03-25 Frank Beck Directional hearing given binaural hearing aid coverage
US7474758B2 (en) * 2002-06-26 2009-01-06 Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh Directional hearing given binaural hearing aid coverage
US7199738B2 (en) * 2003-03-28 2007-04-03 Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. Sigma delta beamformer and method with reduced artifact
US20040189499A1 (en) * 2003-03-28 2004-09-30 Ho-San Han Sigma delta beamformer and method with reduced artifact
EP1499160A3 (de) * 2003-07-16 2007-10-03 Siemens Audiologische Technik GmbH Richthörhilfegerät
US8331582B2 (en) 2003-12-01 2012-12-11 Wolfson Dynamic Hearing Pty Ltd Method and apparatus for producing adaptive directional signals
US20070014419A1 (en) * 2003-12-01 2007-01-18 Dynamic Hearing Pty Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing adaptive directional signals
US20110144779A1 (en) * 2006-03-24 2011-06-16 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Data processing for a wearable apparatus
US7782237B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2010-08-24 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Semiconductor sensor circuit arrangement
US20090309773A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Mostafa Ronaghi Semiconductor sensor circuit arrangement
CN102480295B (zh) * 2010-11-19 2014-08-06 美商富迪科技股份有限公司 模拟至数字转换器及模拟至数字转换方法
CN102480665B (zh) * 2010-11-19 2015-04-01 美商富迪科技股份有限公司 模拟至数字转换器、声音处理装置及模拟至数字转换方法
US8502717B2 (en) * 2010-11-19 2013-08-06 Fortemedia, Inc. Analog-to-digital converter, sound processing device, and method for analog-to-digital conversion
US8502718B2 (en) * 2010-11-19 2013-08-06 Fortemedia, Inc. Analog-to-digital converter and analog-to-digital conversion method
CN102480294B (zh) * 2010-11-19 2014-07-30 美商富迪科技股份有限公司 模拟至数字转换器及模拟至数字转换方法
CN102480294A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-30 美商富迪科技股份有限公司 模拟至数字转换器及模拟至数字转换方法
US20120128181A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-24 Fortemedia, Inc. Analog-to-Digital Converter, Sound Processing Device, and Method for Analog-to-Digital Conversion
CN102480295A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-30 美商富迪科技股份有限公司 模拟至数字转换器及模拟至数字转换方法
US20120128182A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-24 Fortemedia, Inc. Analog-to-Digital Converter and Analog-to-Digital Conversion Method
CN102480665A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-30 美商富迪科技股份有限公司 模拟至数字转换器、声音处理装置及模拟至数字转换方法
US20170134867A1 (en) * 2014-07-24 2017-05-11 Socionext Inc. Signal processing device and signal processing method
US10477326B2 (en) * 2014-07-24 2019-11-12 Socionext Inc. Signal processing device and signal processing method
US20160217805A1 (en) * 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Acer Incorporated Voice signal processing apparatus and voice signal processing method
US11696083B2 (en) 2020-10-21 2023-07-04 Mh Acoustics, Llc In-situ calibration of microphone arrays

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CA2341255A1 (en) 2000-08-10
AU753295B2 (en) 2002-10-17
JP2002536931A (ja) 2002-10-29
DK1097607T3 (da) 2003-06-02
AU2831799A (en) 2000-08-25
JP4468588B2 (ja) 2010-05-26
DE69906979D1 (de) 2003-05-22
CA2341255C (en) 2003-09-09
ATE237917T1 (de) 2003-05-15
EP1097607A1 (de) 2001-05-09
EP1097607B1 (de) 2003-04-16
DE69906979T2 (de) 2003-12-18
WO2000047015A1 (en) 2000-08-10

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