US6223418B1 - Coating of a superconductor - Google Patents

Coating of a superconductor Download PDF

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Publication number
US6223418B1
US6223418B1 US09/380,115 US38011599A US6223418B1 US 6223418 B1 US6223418 B1 US 6223418B1 US 38011599 A US38011599 A US 38011599A US 6223418 B1 US6223418 B1 US 6223418B1
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United States
Prior art keywords
superconducting
metal tube
tube
powder material
liquid component
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Expired - Fee Related
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US09/380,115
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English (en)
Inventor
Zhenghe Han
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American Superconductor Corp
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Nordic Superconductor Technologies AS
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Assigned to NORDIC SUPERCONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES A/S reassignment NORDIC SUPERCONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES A/S ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAN, ZHENGHE
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Assigned to NST ASSET HOLDING CORPORATION reassignment NST ASSET HOLDING CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NORDIC SUPERCONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES A/S
Assigned to AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION reassignment AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NST ASSET HOLDING CORPORATION
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/048—Superconductive coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
    • H10N60/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H10N60/0268—Manufacture or treatment of devices comprising copper oxide
    • H10N60/0801—Manufacture or treatment of filaments or composite wires
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49014—Superconductor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a superconducting length of wire, comprising at least insertion of a superconducting base material into a tube of metal and subsequent packing or coiling of the metallic tube in such a manner that a first part of the outer surface of the tube contacts a second part of the surface of the tube, following which the metal tube filled with the superconducting base material is heated to a temperature close to the melting point temperature of the metal tube so as to form the superconducting phase of the base material.
  • the superconducting material is formed by e.g. a powder material which, after the insertion into the metal tube, does not per se cause the length of wire to become superconducting, but which is activated after the subsequent heat treatment so that the length of wire becomes superconducting.
  • a known solution to this problem is one wherein a ceramic tape is used in the coiling of the length of wire not heat treated yet, said tape being coiled together with the length of wire so that no areas on the length of wire contact other areas on the length of wire during coiling. Subsequent unwinding of the heat treated length of wire may hereby be performed without any risk of the superconducting length of wire adhering to itself.
  • EP A2 44 144 discloses a method wherein the superconducting length of wire is provided with an insulating layer consisting of a silicate and another component capable of reacting with said silicate to form a ceramic layer by heating to temperatures above 500° C., following which the layer is dried and heat treated at the above-mentioned temperature to form the insulating ceramic article.
  • this method does not lend itself for heat treatment of superconducting lengths of wire which have e.g. been coiled into a coil and which are subsequently to be unwound from said coil and then used in a production.
  • JP 09082146-A it is moreover known from JP 09082146-A to manufacture a superconducting length of wire with a coating of nickel oxide or zirconium oxide by placing the tube of silver filled with the superconducting base material in an outer tube of nickel or zirconium, following which the two tubes are drawn to a reduced diameter for a substantially round wire which is subsequently rolled and heat-treated so as to form the superconducting phase in the superconducting base material, said outer tube forming a layer of nickel oxide or zirconium oxide.
  • the resulting tube may very well be wound into e.g. a coil without the outer coatings adhering to each other in an optional heat treatment, but the process clearly requires a relatively accurate process control to ensure that the outer layer of metal oxide has a reasonable uniform thickness, particularly if an outer layer of a very small thickness is desired.
  • a problem of this prior art is thus that the ceramic tape is difficult to handle, or that its thickness causes a coil containing a given length of conductor to be relatively large.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a superconducting length of wire of the type stated in the opening paragraph, which does not necessitate the use of a ceramic tape to separate the individual layers of the conductor not heat treated yet in the packing or coiling of it, thereby achieving a method which lends itself for heat treatment of superconducting lengths of wire in a compact coiled or otherwise packed state, following which the superconducting length of wire may be unwound again and be used in a production process.
  • the tube of metal before being packed or coiled, is provided with a liquid coating on at least the first and second parts of the outer surface of the tube, said coating comprising a substantially liquid component which evaporates or burns completely at the temperature at which the superconducting phase in the superconducting material is formed, and a powder material suspended in the liquid component and having a melting temperature which is higher than the melting temperature of the metallic tube.
  • the coating applied to the length of wire comprises a ceramic material, in particular a metal oxide preferably selected from the group: Al 2 O 3 , CR 2 O 3 , Cu x O y , Ni x O y , Zn x O y , Zr x O y , Ta c O y .
  • the coating may advantageously be formed by the application of a metal oxide powder. It may be applied particularly simply as a paint consisting of a liquid medium in which the metal oxide powder is suspended.
  • the metal oxide powder is suspended in an amount ensuring that the individual metal oxide particles, when applied to the first and second outer surfaces of the metal tube, are disposed in a density such that metal oxide particles on the first outer surface of the metal tube do not touch the second outer surface of the metal tube, and vice versa.
  • the liquid medium for the suspension of the metal oxide powder may expediently comprise a solvent, such as acetone, alcohol or toluene, admixed with an amount of polymer, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and polyvinyl butyral is advantageously added in an amount of between 0.1 and 10 per cent by weight, preferably between 1 and 4 per cent by weight, as this provides suitable adhesion properties for the liquid medium and the suspended metal oxide powder.
  • a solvent such as acetone, alcohol or toluene
  • polymer such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB)
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • zirconium oxide may preferably be used as the metal oxide powder, but other ceramic powders and particularly metal oxides may be used.
  • FIG. 1 is a basic view which shows a coiled conductor containing superconducting material.
  • FIG. 2 is a basic view which shows a cross-section through the conductor shown in FIG. 1 in a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a basic view which shows a cross-section through the conductor of FIG. 1 in a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 thus shows a conductor containing superconducting material. As will be seen, the conductor is wound around a core with a view to heat treatment.
  • the wound conductor 1 may be manufactured according to a generally known method by filling a tube 2 with superconducting material 7 and then stretching, drawing or otherwise machining it in order to reduce the cross-sectional dimensions of the tube 2 .
  • this manufacturing process may comprise a rolling process or other process which provides a conductor in the form of a tape having a desired thickness.
  • Such manufacturing processes are generally known from the literature and will therefore not be described in detail here.
  • the product is a conductor containing a superconducting base material, which subsequently requires a heat treatment to form the superconducting phase in the base material.
  • the conductor Owing to the handling of the conductor, the conductor is coiled or packed into e.g. a coil 1 , as shown in FIG. 1, and then the heat treatment may be initiated.
  • FIG. 2 thus shows a first embodiment of the invention in which the tube 2 itself contains a superconducting base material, but the surfaces 3 and 4 of the tube are covered by a coating 5 of ceramic material selected from the group of materials having the basic formula M X O Y , where M is a metal, such as Cu, Ni, Al, Zn, Zr, Sr, Mn, Ta, etc., and where O is oxygen.
  • M is a metal, such as Cu, Ni, Al, Zn, Zr, Sr, Mn, Ta, etc., and where O is oxygen.
  • the coating 5 may be provided by e.g. applying a paint which comprises the desired ceramic material suspended in a liquid, such as a solvent in the form of acetone, alcohol or toluene, admixed with an amount of polymer, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
  • a paint which comprises the desired ceramic material suspended in a liquid, such as a solvent in the form of acetone, alcohol or toluene, admixed with an amount of polymer, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
  • the ceramic coating 5 may be applied as a powder, or it may be formed by simple oxidation of the material of the tube 2 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the tube 2 is filled with rows of filament tubes 6 , which are in turn filled with a superconducting base material 7 .
  • the conductor shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a ceramic coating 5 , but here, in contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the coating is applied so that it covers the entire circumference of the tube 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
US09/380,115 1997-03-25 1998-03-25 Coating of a superconductor Expired - Fee Related US6223418B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK0340/97 1997-03-25
DK34097 1997-03-25
PCT/DK1998/000120 WO1998043253A1 (da) 1997-03-25 1998-03-25 Coating of a superconductor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US6223418B1 true US6223418B1 (en) 2001-05-01

Family

ID=8092421

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/380,115 Expired - Fee Related US6223418B1 (en) 1997-03-25 1998-03-25 Coating of a superconductor

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US6223418B1 (da)
EP (1) EP0970483B1 (da)
JP (1) JP2001516495A (da)
KR (1) KR20000076104A (da)
CN (1) CN1126118C (da)
AT (1) ATE241205T1 (da)
AU (1) AU727072B2 (da)
CA (1) CA2284782A1 (da)
DE (1) DE69814842T2 (da)
NO (1) NO994666D0 (da)
NZ (1) NZ337593A (da)
RU (1) RU2183875C2 (da)
SK (1) SK118299A3 (da)
WO (1) WO1998043253A1 (da)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090239753A1 (en) * 2006-02-16 2009-09-24 International Superconductivity Technology Center, The Juridical Foundation Method of manufacturing superconducting thin film material, superconducting device and superconducting thin film material

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100412077B1 (ko) * 2001-08-14 2003-12-24 한국기계연구원 고온초전도 장선재용 열적절연 코팅용액 및 그 제조방법
DE102004040754A1 (de) * 2004-08-23 2006-03-09 Siemens Ag Rechteckspule aus bandförmigen Supraleitern mit HochTc-Supraleitermaterial und Verwendung derselben
DE102009028174A1 (de) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Bruker Hts Gmbh Zinkoxid als Trennmittel bei der Wärmebehandlung von HTSL-Drähten, insbesondere bandförmigen HTSL-Drähten

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3873799A (en) 1973-10-19 1975-03-25 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Method of making a composite superconducting tube
EP0044144A2 (en) 1980-07-15 1982-01-20 Imi Kynoch Limited Flexible insulation for filamentary intermetallic superconductor wire
JPS6413706A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-18 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Manufacture of superconducting coil
EP0304116A1 (en) 1987-08-12 1989-02-22 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method of manufacturing a superconductive wire or cable
JPS6459726A (en) * 1987-08-28 1989-03-07 Sumitomo Electric Industries Manufacture of superconductive material
JPH01158754A (ja) * 1987-12-15 1989-06-21 Fujitsu Ltd 超伝導体素子の製造方法
GB2256080A (en) 1991-05-20 1992-11-25 Marconi Gec Ltd Superconductive electrical conductor.
JPH0982146A (ja) 1995-09-08 1997-03-28 Kobe Steel Ltd 酸化物超電導線材及びその製造方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2734410C3 (de) * 1977-07-29 1980-04-17 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Supraleiters
CA1331559C (en) * 1986-04-21 1994-08-23 Jon Joseph Kabara Antimicrobial preservative compositions and methods
AU596289B2 (en) * 1987-04-14 1990-04-26 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of the production of ceramic superconductor filaments
EP0292385B1 (en) * 1987-05-18 1994-08-24 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Method of making oxide ceramic superconducting wires
RU2070741C1 (ru) * 1993-12-22 1996-12-20 Борис Александрович Цыганков Способ изготовления длинномерного сверхпроводника

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3873799A (en) 1973-10-19 1975-03-25 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Method of making a composite superconducting tube
EP0044144A2 (en) 1980-07-15 1982-01-20 Imi Kynoch Limited Flexible insulation for filamentary intermetallic superconductor wire
JPS6413706A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-18 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Manufacture of superconducting coil
EP0304116A1 (en) 1987-08-12 1989-02-22 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method of manufacturing a superconductive wire or cable
JPS6459726A (en) * 1987-08-28 1989-03-07 Sumitomo Electric Industries Manufacture of superconductive material
JPH01158754A (ja) * 1987-12-15 1989-06-21 Fujitsu Ltd 超伝導体素子の製造方法
GB2256080A (en) 1991-05-20 1992-11-25 Marconi Gec Ltd Superconductive electrical conductor.
JPH0982146A (ja) 1995-09-08 1997-03-28 Kobe Steel Ltd 酸化物超電導線材及びその製造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090239753A1 (en) * 2006-02-16 2009-09-24 International Superconductivity Technology Center, The Juridical Foundation Method of manufacturing superconducting thin film material, superconducting device and superconducting thin film material
US8216979B2 (en) 2006-02-16 2012-07-10 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of manufacturing superconducting thin film material, superconducting device and superconducting thin film material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0970483B1 (en) 2003-05-21
NZ337593A (en) 2000-04-28
KR20000076104A (ko) 2000-12-26
ATE241205T1 (de) 2003-06-15
DE69814842D1 (de) 2003-06-26
NO994666L (no) 1999-09-24
AU6612798A (en) 1998-10-20
EP0970483A1 (en) 2000-01-12
JP2001516495A (ja) 2001-09-25
SK118299A3 (en) 2000-12-11
CN1126118C (zh) 2003-10-29
DE69814842T2 (de) 2004-02-26
NO994666D0 (no) 1999-09-24
CN1251201A (zh) 2000-04-19
WO1998043253A1 (da) 1998-10-01
RU2183875C2 (ru) 2002-06-20
CA2284782A1 (en) 1998-10-01
AU727072B2 (en) 2000-11-30

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