US609631A - schmidt - Google Patents

Description

No. 609,63l. Patented Aug. 23, I898.

w. scumn'r. STE-AM GENERATOR AND SUPEBHEATER.

(Application filed. Max. 30, 1897.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

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Patented Aug. 23, I898.

3 Sheets-Sheet W. SCHMIDT. STEAM GENERATOR A N D SUPEBHEATER.

(Application fllfid Mar. 30, 1897.)

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No. 609,63l.

(No Modei.)

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Patented Aug. 23, I898.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. SCHMIDT.

(AppXication filed Mar. 30, 1897.)

DDDDDDDDDDDD STEAM GENERATOR AND SUPERHEATER.

QQQQQQQQQQQQQ No. 609,63l.

(No Model.)

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.WILIIELM SCHMIDT, OF BAL LENSTZIDT, GERMANY.

STEAM GENERATOR AND SUPERHEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,631, dated August 23, 1898.

Application filed Mar h 30, 1897. Serial No. 629,982. (No model.) Patented in France November 10, 1896, No. 261,143; in Switzerland December 21, 1896, No. 13,645; in Hungary December 24, 1896,110. 8,533; in AustriaIebrnary 14,1897, 110.47/488; in NorwayMarch 11, 1897,1To. 5,840,- in Belgium March 15, 1897, No. 126,958, and in ItalyMarch 31,1897,

No. 277, LXXXVI.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM SCHMIDT, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of Ballenstadt-on-the- Harz, in the Duchy of Anhalt, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stationary and Transportable Steam- Generators of the Locomotive- Boiler Type, (for which patents have been obtained in France, No. 261,143, dated November 10, 1896; in Switzerland, No. 13,645, dated December 21, 1896; in Hungary, No. 8,533, dated December 24, 1896; in Austria, No. 488, Vol. XLVII, dated February 14, 1897 5 in Norway, No. 5,840, dated March 11, 1897; in Belgium, No. 126,958, dated March 15, 1897, and in Italy, No. 277, Vol. LXXXVI, dated March 31, 1897,) of which the following is an exact specification.

It is a known fact that boilers with flame, fire, or heating tubes, especially such of the locomotive-boiler type, produce a very Wet steam. To dry this steam, a variety of arrangements have been devised, but only a few of the latter have met with a satisfying result. As to superheating the dried steam in a somewhat high degree, there exists up to now one construction only that has overcome the extraordinary difficulties which the problem in question offers the constructor. Said construction is fully shown and described in my United States application, Serial No. 574,011, filed January 2, 1896; but to avoid taking reference to said application I briefly explain at this place that in the prior steamgenerator in question the boiler proper consists of two parts which are connected by a chamber and that each of said parts is furnished with a flame, fire, or heating tube, or a set of such tubes, which are put into com munication by said chamber. The latter contains the superheater, and means are provided for regulating the action of the furnace-gases upon said superheater. There is unfortunately one drawback in said prior construction, which resides in the difficulty of furnishing existing boilers with that novel arrangement. Thelatter may well be applied on building up a new boiler, but altering an old boiler in the manner requisite brings a lot of great inconveniences with it. Moreover, said prior construction does not allow of a general application.

The object of my present invention, therefore, is to combineboilers of the type or types aforementioned in a simple and practical way with (or, more precisely,turn them into) superheaters (such that allow of a regulation of the degree of superheating) without causing a change in the essential parts of the boiler or in the arrangement and configuration of said parts, respectively. Making steam-generators of the important locomotive-boiler type able to continually produce highly-superheated steam out of all the wet steam generated in great quantities by said boilers is the more valuable as, in view of the novel method of employing superheating steam as described in my United States application, Serial No. 599,549, filed July 17, 1896, (regulating the inlet temperature of the superheated steam according to the degree of filling,) such steam fire or heating tubes, preferably among the upper of them, and I arrange within said superheating-tube either a bundle of pipes run ning parallel to the tube or a coiled pipe or pipes having the longitudinal axis of the coil or coils running parallel to the said tube. The combined surfaces of the pipes are so determined that all the steam the boiler can generate may be superheated up to the highest degree desired, if the passage of the firegases through the superheating-tube is not lessened. I wish it, however,t0 be understood that I do not restrict myself to arranging among the fire or heating tubes just one superheating-tube only but two or more of them may be employed; provided, of course,

the diameter of the boiler be large enough. In such a casethe portion of the furnacegases deviated by and through the superheating-tubes divides into as many separated currents-as there are such tubes. By making use of several smaller superheating-tubes in-' effected by regulating the quantity of the tion in line 20 21 of Fig. -7.

fire-gases that pass through the superheating tube or tubes.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through a locomotive-boiler constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section through said boiler, the section being taken online 12 13 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows only the superheating-tube with its superheating-pipes proper, the form of construction being slightly changed. Fig. 4 is a section in line 14 15 of Fig. 3. Fig. 4: is a section in line 16 17 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a View similar to Fig. 3, but showing again a slightly-modified form of construction. Fig. 6 is a section in line 18 19 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is another view similar to Fig. 3, but representing a third modification. Fig. 8 is asec- Fig. 9 is a View similar to Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, but showing, besides the superheating-tube with its accessories, also the other parts of the boiler; and Fig. 11 is a section in line 22 23 of Fig. 10.

In the form of construction of my improved steam-generator as represented in Figs. 1 and 2 the boiler is provided with one superheating-tube only. a is said tube, which passes from the wall 6 of' the fire-box to the wall 71 of the smoke-chamber in the same manner as do the fire or heating tubes 0. The tube a contains a number of U-shaped pipes 14, arranged in a circle in such a manner that the curved connecting portions of the legs of said pipes lie radially, as distinctly shown in Fig. 2. Said curved portions are connected with and supported by a ring 0, which is situated Within the rear end of the tube a and protects the said portions of the pipes it against the injurious action of the fire.

A casing s, forming two concentric chambers s s and having fixed to its rear wall a thick plate x, receiving the ends of the pipes u, is held from the wall "L by aid of bolts .2. The outer legs of the pipes u communicate with the chamber 8. The latter communicates, by means of the pipe 'm, with the steamspace of the boiler or with the dome of the latter, respectively, and the steam passes thus from the chamber 3, through the-pipes u, to the chamber 8 While flowing through said pipes the steam is superheated by the fire-gases streaming through the pipe Ct. Said gases enter first the longish space'left between the inner legs of the pipes u, and they then distribute among the latter until they leave the tube 0t and pass into the smokechamber through the annular space left between the seat of the tube a and the plate 00. The longish space aforementioned is important forthe cleansing of the tube a, in that it allows of easily and conveniently introducing a jet of'steam or another means of or for cleansing between the pipes u. The annular space (or, more precisely, the front end of the pipe (1,) maybe closed by means of a disk to, situated 'upon and being held by the ends of the pipes u. The disk 10 may be displaced upon the latter from a lever 12 by aid of a rod d. The quantity of the fire-gases allowed to pass through the tube a. may'thus, be regulated according to the degree of superheating required.

In the modified form of construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the disk 10 is replaced by an annular slide w, having apertures and being arranged to cooperate with similar apertures provided in the respective part of thetube a. In this case the pipe m terminates into the chamber 3 whereas the superheated steam is led away from the chamber .9. I wish it, however, to be understood that the reverse way may also be chosen.

In cases in which a very high super-heating is desired and in which consequently the superheating-pipes are to have a large area of surface in spite of their being arranged within the comparatively small pipe at without impairing an easy and convenient cleansing of the latter and of said superheatingpipes, I make use of three or more concentric series of pipes a a n Figs. 5 and 6, connected at the rear end of the pipe at by means of a hollow ring 9. The latter may well be replaced by a number of separated radiallyarranged connecting-pieces, each of which puts a pipe 10 and a pipe u into communication with a pipe n In the form of construction shown, Fig. 5, the pipes of the inner series a and the pipes of the middle series a are fed with fresh or wet'steam from the chamber :5 whereas the superheated steam issuing from the pipes of the outer series a collects within the chamber s. The direction of the steam passing through the pipes a 1.1. is thus opposite to the direction of the furnace-gases, whereas the steam passing through the pipes a" flows in a direction equal to that of said gases. I wish it, however, to be understood that I do not confine myself to leading the steam only in the way just described. The chamber 8' may well be connected to the steam-space of the boiler, and the chamber 8 may receive the superheated steam. (Compare Fig. 1.) I wish it further to be understood that instead of one of such or similar bundles of pipes, as formed by the pipes a a a two or more bundles may be employed.

If the quantity of the steam to be superheated is but small, the straight pipes or the bundles of them, respectively, may well be replaced bya coiled pipe 1L6, Figs. 7 and 8. The casings, Figs. 1, 3, and 5, is in this form of construction dispensed with and is replaced by a plate .9 held by the bolts 2. The steam enters the coil proper at a and leaves it at u The regulation is effected by the displaceable disk win the same manner as described with regard to the other forms aforedescribed.

In forms of construction with a coiled pipe, as in Fig. 7, the steam need not in any case enter the coil at the end which is situated next to the fire-box of the boiler, but may enter it also at the other end, as shown in Fig. 9. Thus in this case the steam and the furnace-gases flow in opposite directions, and the end piece a of the coil to, which leads the superheated steam away, passes through the fire-box of the boiler. Of course, also, in this form of construction the connection may be such as to cause the steam to flow in one direction with the furnace-gases, and in the form of construction shown in Fig. 7 the connection may be such as to cause the steam to flow in a direction opposite to that of said gases. All this refers also to the other forms described.

Employing coils allows, however, also of letting the steam be superheated While flowing simultaneously in two directions, as represented in Figs. 10 and. 11. In this case I have made use of a kind of double coil, one coil having its windings lying between those of the other coil. The two coils are connected at the fire-box, and the steam when. having arrived at that place changes its direction. The disk 10 (for closing the rear end of the tube a) is secured to a lever w by means of which said disk may be lifted or lowered, as

necessary.

Independent of any special form of construction of the superheating-bodies I prefer to combine with these latter a longish body arranged axially within the Wider flame-tube or centrally among the superheating-bodies located within that tube. In Figs. 1, 3, and 5 I have shown such a body If combined with straight superheating-pipes, and in Figs. 7, 9, and 10 I have shown such a body combined with a coiled pipe. The purpose of the longish body is to deflect the furnacegases to the superheating-pipes, so that the latter are duly washed by said gases.

The longish body or deflecting-bodyt may be secured to the central portion of the displaceable disk to, Figs. 1, 5, and '7, but in cases in which a circular slide, such as to, Fig. 3, is employed, said body may be secured to the casing s. In the form of construction shown in Fig. 3 the deflecting-body t is, however, not stationary, but maybe axially displaced-2'. a, said body may be drawn out of the wider tube a through the front end or through the rear end of the same. To remove the body t through the smokechamber end of the tube a, the casing s has a central passage of a suitable diameter, as distinctly shown in Fig. 3.

Having thus fully described the nature of this invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- 1. In a steam-generator, the combination with the heating-tubes proper, of a heatingtube of larger diameter, superheating-tubes arranged in two concentrical groups, within said wider tube parallelly tothe longitudinal axis of the latter, a chamber connecting the ends of the tubes admitting the steam to be superheated, another chamber connecting the outlet ends of the tubes, which conduct the superheated steam away, and means for regulating the flow of furnacegases through said wider tube, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a steam-generator, the combination with the heating-tubes of the same, of a heating'tube of a larger diameter, superheatingtubes, arranged concentrically within said wider tube parallelly to the longitudinal axis of the latter, a longish body arranged centrally among said superheating-tubes, and adapted to deflect the furnace-gases to said tubes, and means for regulating the flow of furnace-gases through said wider tube, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a steam-generator, the combination with the heating-tubes proper of the same, of a heating-tube of alarger diameter, U -shaped superheating-t-ubes arranged radially within said wider tube, and extending parallelly to the longitudinal axis of the latter, whereby the inlet and outlet ends enter separate central divisions of a container common to both, a longish body arranged centrally among said heating-tubes and adapted to deflect the furnace-gases to said tubes, the said body being arranged removably, all for the purpose as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WlLl-IELM SCHMIDT.

Witnesses:

R. HERPIOH, v G. BROCKHAUS.

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