US707021A

US707021A - Combined superheater and steam-generator.

Info

Publication number: US707021A
Application number: US7583201A
Authority: US
Inventors: Richard Schulz
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1901-09-20
Filing date: 1901-09-20
Publication date: 1902-08-12
Anticipated expiration: 1919-08-12

Description

No. 707,( ]2lv. `Patented Aug. l2, |902.

B. SCHULZ.

COMBINED SUPEHHEATER AND STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application led Sept. 20, 1901.)

No Model.) s sheets-sheet l.

. .L ...LL L...

TME ohms Pneus ca. Puurs-nwo., wAsuxNGroN. o. c.

No. 707,021. Patented Aug. l2,l |902.

. scHuLz.

COMBINED SUPERHEATEH AND STEAM GENERATOR.

. (Application led Sept. 20, 1901.)

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-$hee1 2.

N0. 707,02I. Patented Aug. I2, |902. R. SCHULZ.

COMBINED SUPERHEATER AND STEAM GENERATOR. (Application led Sept. 2.0, 1901.) (No'Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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No. 707,02I. Patented Aug. l2, |9ID2.

R. SCHULZ.

CUMBlNED SUPEBHEATER AND STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application led Sept. 20, 1901.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Patented Aug. l2, |9012.

R. SCHULZ. COMBINED SUPERHEATER AND STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application led Sept. 20, 1901.)

8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

No. 707,02l. Patented Aug. I2, |9U2.

R. SCHULZ. COMBINED SUPERHEATER AND STEAM GENERATOR.

8 Sheets-Shoet 6,

(No Model.)

No. 707,021. Patented Aug. I2, |9U2.

R. SCHULZ.

CUMBINEDSUPE'BHEATE AND STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Sept. 20, 1901.) (N 0 NI o d e l 8 Sheets-Sheet 7.

No. 707,021. Patented Aug. I2, |902.

R. SCHULZ.

COMBINED SUPERHEATER AND STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application led Sept. 20, 1901.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 8.

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ooOoooooaooo'Q-o ooooooooooooooooooo RICHARD SCIIUIZ, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

COMBINED SUPERHEATER ND STEAM-GENERATOR.

`Sli?111C11:"IUAIION forming part of `Il'.etters Patent No. 707,021, dated August 12, 1902.

Application lecl September 20, 1901. Serial No. 75,832. '(Nomodel.)

To @ZZ wiz/m t may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD SCHULZ, a

`subject of the King of Prussia, Emperor of Germany, residingat Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements ina Combined Superheater and Steam- Boiler; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to Water-tube boilers provided `with superheaters, said superheaters being tubular and located in or formed as part of a Water-leg. In some wellknown superheaters used in connection with Water-tube boilers the furnaceagases are conducted through the superheaters in such a manner `that they Will leave them at the lowest temperature at the stack. In other arrangements the superheater is made as small as possible and is therefore suitable to superheat the steam to a small degree. Even in very irregular running, as on ships, such superheater cannot be damaged, because the gases do not come in contact With them at a very high temperature. Other super-heaters that are designed forhigh-temperature Working are very easily overheated by reason of irregular running, thereby increasing the liability to `explosion and danger to workmen.

The object of this invention is to form in steam-boilers provided with Water-tu bes connecting a steam and Water drum a superheater that Will afford a satisfactory Work-- ing during normal running and adapted to be operated under all possible circumstances.

The arrangement consists in removing from the water-leg for a certain distance along the boiler some of its water-tubes and substituting in the chamber so formed one or more snperheaters, at the same time protecting the superheater from the direct action of the gases in the iireplace and separating them trom the remaining water-tubes along the i lengthof the boiler b f means of a wall said three water-legs.

boiler or formed of steam-tubes that form part of the super-heater.

Referring to the drawings, in which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is a cross-section taken on the line A B of Fig. 2 of a boiler provided with a single water-leg. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section partly in elevation. Fig. is a top plan View. 4 is a section taken on the line C D of Fig. 2 through the superheater. Fig. 5 1is a longitudinal section, boiler, showing the superheater extending along a greater length of the boiler than the water-tube portion; andFig. 6, a top plan thereof. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of similar boilers, showing the snperheater provided with a lower drum or head q. Fig. 8 is a View similar to Fig. 7, showing the head or drum of the superheater forming part of the water-drum of the boiler. Fig. 9 is a similar view'showing a superheaterprovided With two heads. Fig. 10 is a like view showing sucha super-heater made of straight tubes. Fig. 11' is a cross-section, and Fig. 12 a partial top plan, ofso much of the boiler as is necessary to show a super-heater composed of coiled tubes. Fig. 13 is a section taken on the line E F of Fig. la; Fig. 14, a side elevation; Fig. 15, a section taken 'on the'line G H of Fig. 14; and Fig. 16, a section taken on the line I K of Figs. 13 and 15, showing a divided course for the iire-gases,'one directly through the superheater and the other through the Water-tube boiler both in a backand-i'orth direction. Fig. 17 is a cross-section through. the waterlegs, and Fig. 18 one through the superheater portion of the boiler provided with two Waterlegs. Fig. 19 is a cross-section through the Water-legs, and Fig. 2O one through the superheater portion of the boiler provided with Fig. 21 is a section through the water-tu be portion,and Fig.22 one through the superheater portion of a twin boiler. Fig. 23 is a cross-section taken on the line E F of Fig. 24. Fig. 24 is a side View of a Water-tube boiler provided with straight tubes. Fig. 25

is a section taken on the line G II of Fig. 24, showing a superheater composed of straight tubes; and Fig. 26 is a section taken on the lines L M of Fig. 23 and O I) of Fig. 25, showing a divided course for the gases, one portion partly in elevation, of a similar" ICO of a single steam-drum connected to two or' more ,water-drums, the gases passing rst through one leg and then through another, one yor more of the water-legs containing a chamber in which isI located a superheater. Figs. 23 to 26 show a lmodification similar to those shown inFigs. 13 to 16 comprised in a straight-tube boiler.

Referring more particularly to Figsl to 4, I) is the steam-drum, a isa water-drum connected to it by curved water-tubes c, d is the grate, and e is the stack. The gases passing from the grate d take a course through the tubes, as indicated by the arrows, first downward and then upward, there being formed within the series of superheater-tubesa wall by placing such tubes in juxtaposition, so as to compel the gases to take this colurse,fthe

construction being-already well known. In

the rear of the furnace some ofthe tubes c arev removed, so as to form a chamberffor the reception of superheater-tubes la, which are separated from the water-tube portion proper of the water-leg by means of the wall g. Some of the water-tu bes c, especially those that are in direct contact with the gases over the grate, remain, so as to protect the superheater from too great'a temperature and at the same time form a deiiecting wall or roof for thefireplace. These tubes are of course suitably staggered or otherwise separated at their ends to permit the furnace-gases to pass between them. The superheater tubes in this figure are continuous, one endl being connected to the steam-space of the steam-drum and protected by a plate z', are then bent first downward and then upward again into the chamber h, connected to a line or service pipe l, said chamber h being formed withinthe. steamdrum. The chamber h can be located at 'such a height as not to be lsurrounded 'at` all by boiler-water, as shown, for instance, in Fig. 20. A deilecting-wall m, Fig. 4is placed intermediate the tubes of the superheater, so as to direct the gases and compel them to take a downward and then an upward course through the superheater. Where the gases from the grate enter the vsuperheater-chamberf, there is a damper ln., secured to an operating-rod 0 and moved by hand-lever p from outside the furnace. 'lhisdamper controls a quantity of gas admitted tothe superheating-chamber. In placeofsuch a damper any other equivalent mechanism may be used-as, for instance, a slide.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 5 and G, they differ from the previous figures only in that the length of the superheating-cham' ber is greater than that of the water-tube portion proper, it being the reverse in the tubes of this superheater are-placed in juxtaposition to form adel'ecting-wall m and staggered at theirlower ends to permit the passage Of the gases on their upward ,course to the stack. Fig. 8 is a similar construction,

the superheater tubes Vbeing connected at theirlowerends to the water-drum', said dru m being divided by a suitable partition V25 to form the steam-chamber r common to all the Superheatentubes. o f

v Fig. 9 shows the superheater independent of the interior construction of the steam-drum b, the tubes k, formediin two sets, connected to an upper head or drum t, said upper drum being divided by a partition 26, one side of' which, 27, is connected by pipe s to the steamdrum. The tubes connected to the upper head on one side of this partition take the steam down to the head q, common to all the superheater-tubes, into the other set of tubes leading from said headq to the other side of the head t, and thence by service orline pipe Z to the engine or other machine. In this structure also the more central tubes are placed in juxtaposition to form a deectingwall m, whereby the gases will be deflected downward andthen upward through the superheater, said superheater being entirely independent of the steam-drum and connected thereto only by pipes. The course of the steam'will be in opposition to the course of the tire-gases. l

The modifications shown 4inFig. 10 dier from the last-described one only in that the tubes ofthe superheater are perfectly straight, and the two groups of tubes, the Aup and the down takes, are divided by a delectingfwall m,not formed by the tubes of the superheater.

Figs. 11 and 12 show coils of superheatertubes connected to the lower head q, near the Water-drum, and an upper divided head t, one side being an intake and the other the delivery side of this head. The inlet'side of the head t is here connected by the pipe s to the ling the admission of steam thereto. u is a branch pipe lfrom another boiler entering a union z, that is connected to the pipe s and controlled by a suitable valve, whereby steam from another boiler can also be admitted to the superheater. :c is a bypassvalve. 'w is IOO IIO

steam-drum h' through the valve uLcontrola delivery-"pipe from said superheater connected to the head and controlled by valve y, delivering steam to the line or service pipe l. Should it be desirable only tonsuperh'eat the steam generated inthis particular boiler, the lvalve in the union .e is closed and thoseu and y are Opened. Steam then circulates from the steam-drum b, Valve'u, pipe s, inlet side of the headft through one set of tubes tothe lower head q, 'through the other set of tubes to the delivery side of the head't, pipe tu, into the line-pipe Z4. to superheat in this boiler steam generated in another boiler not4 provided with a superheater, the by-pass valve .r is closed and the valve in union is opened, as well as the valve y. Steam will take asimilar course to that just describedabove. That from the pipe 'n will' pass -through union e to the superheater, together withthe steamfrom drum b, coming through valve u and pipe S to the'superheater, as previously described; Should it be dei` sired to use steam not superheated,`the valve n is closed, substantially cutting offA the furnace-gases from the` superheater', valves u, m, and y areopened, and both boilers will'deliver steam to the servi'ce4pipe Z;

In the modifications shown'in Figs 13 to 16 both the water-tubesand the superheatertubes are arranged in juxtaposition to form substantially solid walls, thereby causing the gases to take a winding course back and forth among the respective sets of tubes, as indi-` cated bythe arrows, the superheating-chamber and the water-tube chamber being separated from one anotherby the'wall g and the former controlled by a valve n, as heretofore described.

Referring to Figs. 17 and 1,8, in which is i showna boiler having two water-legs, the

chamberfis leftin that water-leg in which' the 'gases enter last, and the construction of this Water-leg is similarin all respects to that shown in Fig. '4.

In Figs. 19 and'ZO the former is a section through the Water-tube portion and the latter a section through the superheater portionof the boiler, the side water-legs each containing a chamber f anda'superheater 75,

these lsuper-heaters comprising two series of tubes connected at their lower ends to the head-q and at their upper ends to the steamdrum, which is provided with two outlet chambers h, formed within the steam-drum for the reception of' the superheated fsteam, there being also a deflecting-wall m, composed of superheater-tubes between the two sets of tubesin each' superheater. Suitable fdampers n' control the entrance of the gases from the central water-,leg to the superheat-` ing-chambers contained within 'the side waby arrows.

ter-legs, the course of gases being indicated l Figs. 21 and 22 indicate twin boilers. The i superheater is here shown located between the boilers and within the central water-leg Should it be desirable also `water-tubes.

and is composed of sets of tubes lo, connected at their lower ends to the head q and at their upper ends to the head t, divided into an inlet and an outlet chamber, pipes s connecting the two steam-drumsrwith the inlet `side of the upper head awhile the service-pipe Z is connected to the delivery side. Thecenter tubes of the superheater are arranged intermediate the heads, so as to form a delectingwall m.

Figs. 23 to 26 indicate anarrangement of the super-heater composed of straight tubes, the gas entering at the rear of the water-tube portion and issuing at the front thereof, while the gases in the superheater take a back-andforth course between the superheater yand The arrangement here shown permits a larger vor smaller superheater to be built in the boiler, as desired, according to the length and width of the superheatingchamber, using a proportional quantity of gasesior superheating. `Aftera pcrtionof the gases have lost their high temperature by coming in contact with `the wall of watertubes that defiects them they are conducted tothesuperheater. Theremaininggases,how ever, circulate around the water-tubes pin `the well-known manner. By suitably `positioning the valve the temperature of the super-` heater-chamber can be regulated, and the gas out off therefrom will then be made to pass around the water-tubes of the water-legs.

The superheating-chamber can be entirely cut off without influencing in the least the operation of the boiler. This construction can be used'in other forms of water-tube boilers that are not specifically setl forth in this description. Their form can be modified advantageously, so that, first, the gasescan be conducted among the tubes in various IOO ways;` second, the water caused to circulate in various ways through the tubes, and, third steam to be superheated takes another course, either in a reverse or a divided manner through the superheating-tubes.

It will be observedv in all the structures set forth the superheater is located in and forms substantially a `part 'of the'water-leg and comprises substantially downtake and up- IIO take tubes connected to an upper head,

which is either independent ofi or formed by or within the steam-drum. These superheating-tubes may be continuous or for the convenience 'of construction connected i at their opposite ends to a steam-head common to all, of them, said `steam-head forming a union between the two sets of tubes. The superheater is protected by a wall of `watertubes from immediate contact by the gases at the fireplace. V f v u Having thus described my invention, `what I desire to secure byLetters Patentis-A f 1. The combination with a `Water Stube boiler provided with a casing, a steam-drum, and a water-drum, and water-tubes connecting them, of la tubular superheatcr between the casing and water-tubes, and means to cause furnace-gases to pass downward between the water-tubes and the tubes on one side of the superheater and then between the casing and other side of the superheater-tubes, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a water tube boiler having steam and water drums, and water-tubes connecting them, of a superheater comprising a series of tubes both ends connected to a head forming part of the steam-drum, one end of said tubes opening into the steam-space of the steam-drum and the other end into a steam-chamber formed in said drum, substantially as set forth.

3. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the steam and water drums and watertubes connecting them, of a superheater connected to the steam-drum and comprising a series of tubes, the water-tubes arranged' to form a deflecting-wall with passages near the steam-drum, whereby furnace-gases will be admitted to the superheater at the top and means to direct the gases downward and then upward through the superheater, substantially as set forth.

4. In a water-tube boiler, steam and water drums, and Water-tubes connecting them, a superheater comprising an upper and a lower water-head, steam-tubes connecting them,

said tubes having the same general directionA and located beside the water-tubes, said water-tubes arranged to form a wall with passages near the steam-drum to admit furnacegases at the top of the superheater and means `to direct said gases downward and then upward through the superheater, substantially as set forth.

5. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the stealn and water drums, and watertubes connecting them, of a superheater comprisng an upper head formed within the steam-drum and a lower head forming part of the water-drum, and steam-tubes connecting said heads, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination with a water tube boiler having steam and water drums, and tubes connecting them, of asuperheater comprising a head forming part of the steamdrum, one end of said tubes entering the steam-space and the other end terminating within a chamber forming part of and within the steam-drum, substantially as set forth.

7. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the steam and Water drums, and watertubes connecting them, of a superheater comprising an upper and a lower head, and steam-tubes connecting them, the direction of said steam-tubes being substantially parallel to the water-tubes and located to one side of them, substantially as set forth.

8. In a water-tube boiler, the combination with the steam and water drums, and watertubes connecting them, of a superheater comprising an upper and a lower head, and steamtubes connecting them, some of said steamtubes arranged to form a medial defiectingwall, whereby furnace-gases will bel directed down one side and up the other side of said superheater, substantially as set forth. I

9. The combination with a water tube boilerhaving steam and Water drums and water-tubes connecting them, of a superheater comprising an upper head. forming part of the steam-drum, and a lower head, said heads connected by steam-tubes, and a deliectingwall in the superheater formed by the juxtaposition of some of said steam-tubes, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination with a water tube boiler having steam and water drums, watertubes connecting them and a fireplace, of a superheater comprising an upper head forming part of the steam-drum and a lower head, said heads connected by steam-tubes adjacent the Iireplace,said steam-tubes having substantially the same direction as the water-tubes, substantially as set forth.

ll. The combination with a water-tube y boiler having steam and Water drums and water-tubes connecting them, of a superheater comprising a divided upper head, a steam connection between one side thereof and the steam-space of the steam-drum, and a lower head, said heads connected by steam-tubes, substantially as set forth.

l2. The combination with a Water -tube boiler having steam and water drums and water-tubes connecting them, ofa superheater comprising a divided upper head, a steam connection between one side thereof and the steam-space of the steam-drum, a lower head,

'suitably-curved tubes connecting the heads and a dellecting-wall formed by the juxtaposition of some of the steam-tubes intermediate their ends, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination with a water-tube boiler having a fireplace, steam and Water drums, water-tubes connecting them, of a superheater, comprising a chamber formed in the steam-drum, a lower head, and steamtubes connecting the steam-space of the boiler with the lower head and similar tubes connecting the lower head with said chamber, a protecting-wall of water-tubes between the ireplace and superheater bent at their ends to form passages for the furnace-gases and a damper controlling the passages of the gases therethrough, and a wall dividing the Waterleg to separate the superheater from the water-tube portion, substantially as set forth.

14. The combination with a water-tube boilerhaving steam and water drums, and Water-tubes connecting them, a wall dividing the water-tubes into two sets and a superheater comprising a lower head and an upper head forming part of` the steam-drum, and a plurality of deflecting-walls formed by the juxtaposition of some of the steam-tubes intermediate their ends, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination with a water tube boiler, comprising two steam and three water drums, water-tubes connecting them, of a superheater between the steam-drums com- IOO IIO

homer V 5 prisinga divided upper head one side thereo` In testimony that I claim the foregoing as connected to the steam-spaces of the steammy invention I have signed my name 1n presdrums and the other side to a service-pipe, a ence of two subscribing Witnesses.

lower head and steam-tubes connecting them, RICHARD SCHULZ. 5 and dampers to control the admission of fnr- Vitnesses:

hace-gases to the superheater, substantially JOHANNES HEIN,

as set forth. WOLDEMAR HAUPT.